Exercise 20. Speak briefly about the body systems and their functions.

Завдання для самостійної роботи студентів (СРС)

I. Перекладіть словосполучення: cистема організму людини кістково-м'язова система здоров’я людини взаємодіючі системи організму приймати, обробляти і передавати інформацію додаткові органи неперетравлена їжа лімфатична рідина кислотно-лужний баланс здатність рухатися   II. Дайте відповіді на питання: What are the major body systems of the human? What is the main contribution of each system? What system helps us to receive, process, and communicate information? What physiological process helps to maintain the internal systems of the body at equilibrium? What does the well-being of any person depend upon?   III. Розкрийте поняття: Cистеми організму людини

The Skeleton

Exercise 1. Topic Vocabulary:

bone marrow	[bəʊn ˈmærəʊ]	кістковий мозок
breastbone, n	[ˈbrɛstˌbəʊn]	грудина
cartilage, n	[ˈkɑːtɪlɪdʒ]	хрящ
cervical, adj	[ˈsɜːvɪk^əl]	шийний
coccyx, n	[ˈkɒksɪks]	куприк
cranial, adj	[ˈkreɪnɪəl]	черепний
facial, adj	[ˈfeɪʃəl]	лицевий
joint, n	[dʒɔɪnt]	суглоб
ligament, n	[ˈlɪgəmənt]	зв'язка
lumbar, adj	[ˈlʌmbə]	поперековий
marrow cavity, n	[ˈmærəʊ ˈkævɪtɪ]	кістково-мозкова порожнина
pelvis, n	[ˈpɛlvɪs]	таз
rib, n	[rɪb]	ребро
spine, n	[spaɪn]	спинний хребет
tendon, n	[ˈtɛndən]	сухожилля
thoracic, adj	[θɔːˈræsɪk]	грудний
vertebra, n pl vertebrae	[ˈvɜːtɪbrə] [ˈvɜːtɪbrɪ]	хребець хребці

Exercise 2. Read the word combinations and sentences with the new words and translate them into Ukrainian:

Сranial: cranial bones; cerebro-cranial symptom; cranial nerves; cranial radiograph; cranial X-ray.

The bones of the skull consist of cranial and facial parts.

Facial: anterior facial vein; bones of the facial skeleton; facial bones; facial asymmetry; facial muscles.

The facial bones are the bones of the anterior and lower skull.

Cervical: cervical artery; cervical glands; cervical nerves; cervical vertebra; deep cervical vein.

There are seven cervical vertebrae in the spine.

Thoracic: long thoracic artery; thoracic aorta; thoracic bones; thoracic cavity; thoracic organs.

Thoracic vertebrae compose the middle segment of the spinal column, between the cervical vertebrae and the lumbar vertebrae.

Lumbar: lumbar vein; lumbar part of spinal cord; lumbar puncture; lumbar region; lumbar vertebrae.

The lumbar vertebrae are five vertebrae that make up the spine in the lower back.

Exercise 3. Write in words (all the words are from the text below) and translate into Ukrainian:

[ˌæpənˈdɪkjʊlə], [kəmˈpraɪz], [ˈfiːmə], [spaɪn], [ˈkɑːtɪlɪdʒ], [ˈsteɪpiːz], [ˈmʌs^əl], [ˈvɜːtɪbrə], [ˈkɒksɪks], [θɔːˈræsɪk], [ˈlɪgəmənt], [ˈseikrəl], [ˈbrɛstˌbəʊn], [ˈlʌmbə], [ˈæksɪəl], [ɪkˈstrɛmɪtɪ], [ˈkælsɪəm], [ˈmærəʊ], [ˈkævɪtɪ], [skʌl], [ˈkreɪnɪəl], [ˈsɜːvɪk^əl], [θaɪ], [ˈfoːraːm], [ˈtɛndən], [ˈfeɪʃəl]

Exercise 4. Give adjectives for the following nouns (you will need to use a dictionary!):

noun	adjective	noun	adjective
bone		cartilage
spine		ligament
skeleton		muscle
vertebra		cell
pelvis		blood

Exercise 5. Read and translate the following word combinations:

The main supportfor the body; to give shape; to sit up straight; to protect the organs; to provide protection; to store calcium and fat; yellow bone marrow; red bone marrow; inside the marrow cavity of bones; three basic parts; axial skeleton; appendicular skeleton; comprised of bones; cervical vertebrae; thoracic vertebrae; sacral vertebrae; 12 pairs of ribs; the upper extremity; the lower extremity; total body weight; to vary between individuals; to fuse together.

Exercise 6. Read and translate the text:

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