Exercise 24 Translate the following sentences.

1. Where is my suit? – It is in the wardrobe. 2. It is the book of a well-known English writer. 3. Have you watched this film? – No, I have not. But I am going to do it. 4. Look at this building. It is the highest building in our city. 5. It is important to learn new English words every day. 6. It is hard to learn this subject in a short time. 7. It is known that new railway will connect two big cities. 8. It is no use missing lessons. It would be difficult to pass the exam. 9. It was the railway that became the shortest way from Europe to Asia. 10. It is the railways that are the most popular means of travel. 11. It was only yesterday when we discussed the plan of work at the project. 12. It gets dark early in winter. 13. It was raining cats and dogs. 14. It got colder.

Exercise 25 Paraphrase the following sentences using the emphatic construction It is (was) … that (who, which).

1. The Cherepanovs constructed the first steam locomotive in Russia. 2. Climatic conditions made the construction of this line difficult. 3. In 1891 the construction of Trans-Siberian railway began. 4. The first steam trains opened up a new era in transportation. 5. Railways are the safest and the most popular means of communications.

Exercise 26 Complete the sentences. Use it’s + A + to + B.

A	B
difficult, dangerous, easy, impossible, nice, stupid, easy	see you again, wear, understand him, meet people, go out alone, sleep, save

Model: It’s easy to understand him because he speaks very slowly.

1...., Jill. How are you? 2.... at night. There is always a lot of noise. 3. A lot of cities are not safe.... at night. 4. If you haven’t got a well-paid job,... money. 5.... warm clothes in hot weather. 6. Everybody is very friendly in this town.....

Exercise 27 What does it refer to in the following sentences?

Model: It’s very interesting. I’ve just read Chapter 10. (it = a book or a novel)

1. We stood on it and looked down at the river. 2. It landed ten minutes ago. 3. It’ s next Saturday in St. Mary’s Church. Then the reception’s in the Bedford Hotel. 4. It isn’t very sharp. I can’t cut the meat. 5. I can’t see my face in it. It’ s cracked. 6. It barked and ran after us. 7. Can I have it well done, please, with chips? 8. I like it dry and white. 9. I need a new bulb for it. 10. I don’t take it in tea, but I take one spoonful in coffee.

This / These

That / Those

-для людей або речей поруч з нами. These shoes over there are mine; -для позначення ситуацій у наступному або майбутньому часі. I’m going to Disneyland this month; -коли знаходимося у місці, про яке говоримо. This room is very untidy. (The speaker is now in the untidy room); -для того, щоб познайомити людей одного з одним або представитись по телефону. ‘John, this is Ann.’ ‘Hello? This is Pam speaking.’

-для людей або речей, які знаходяться на відстані від нас. That chair over there is broken; -для позначення ситуацій у минулому часі. We had a wonderful Christmas that year; -для того, щоб відіслати до чогось, що згадувалось раніше. ‘She failed her exams.’ ‘That’s bad’; -коли, розмовляючи по телефону, ми запитуємо, хто говорить з нами. ‘Hello? This is Jo. Who’s that speaking?’

Exercise 28 Put this, these, it or they into the gaps.

Model: A: Bob, this is my mother.

B: Hello, Mrs Smith.

1. Take... bags into the kitchen. 2. I don’t like... music. 3. Is... book John’s? – Yes,... is. 4. Are... books Mary’s? – Yes,... are. 5. How much are... glasses? –...’re very cheap. 6.... exercise is very easy. – No,... isn’t....’s difficult.

Exercise 29 Put that, those, it or they into the gaps.

1. Is... your brother over there? 2. Look at... beautiful flowers! 3. What’s... in your bag? 4. Is... house Ann’s? – Yes,... is. 5. Are... boys your brothers? Yes,... are. 6. How much is... hi-fi? –...’s $350. 7. Do you like... shoes? – No, I don’t....’re horrible.

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