By Thomas Shepard, 1672

Look that you loose not your precious time by falling in with Idle Companions, or by growing weary of your studies, or by Love of any filthy lust; or by discouragement of heart that you shall never attain to any excellency of Knowledge, or by thinking too well of your self, that you have got as much as is needfull for you, when you have got as much as your Equals in the same year….

Get therefore into the acquaintance of some of your Equalls, to spend some time with them often in discoursing and disputing about the things you hear and read and learn; as also grow acquainted with some that are your Superiours, of whom you may often ask questions and from whom you may learn more than by your Equals only.

Choose rather to confess your Ignorance in any matter of Learning, that you may [be] instructed by your Tutor,(…) than to pass from it, and so continue in your Ignorance thereof….

Be sparing in your Diet, as to meat and drink, that so after any repast your body may be a servant to your mind, and not a Clog and Burden.

(b) Does this advice remain sound after 300 years? Think of the counsel you would give today a person entering higher education. Write your letter of advice and present it in class.

Idiom Box

(a) Complete the following definitions with the correct idioms from the box making the essential changes

pulled strings face the music on the tip of your tongue out of sight, out of mind eat out of the palm of sb’s hand ring a bell call the tune

1. If you say that someone is ……………………your……….., you have made him very willing to believe you or do what you want

2. If someone ……………………to get something they want, they get it by using their friendships with powerful and influential people often in a way that is considered unfair.

3. If you say that someone ………………………, he is in a position of authority so that he can give orders and make decisions.

4. If you say that you …………………………, you are ready to accept criticism or punishment for something you have done.

5. If something ……………….., it reminds you of something, but you cannot remember exactly what it is

6. If a name or word is ……………….., you usually know it but have difficulty remembering it at the present moment

7. You use …………………… to say that people soon stop thinking about other people if they do not see them for a while.

(b) Match up the following jokes and quotes

1. What is HNO₃? Just a minute. It’s on the tip of my tongue …

2. If you think you have someone eating out of the palm of your hand,

3. “ Out of sight, out of mind,” when translated into Russian (by computer) then back again,

4. Name a man who originated studies into conditioned reflexes.

5. My brother’s a puppeteer. How did he get a job like that?

6. He’s always willing to face the music

a. Oh, he pulled a few strings.

b. – so long he can call the tune.

c. it’s a good idea to count your fingers.

Martin Buxbaum

d. became Invisible maniac.”

Arthur Calder-Marshal

e. Does the name Pavlov ring a bell?

f. Well, spit it out. It’s nitric acid.

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