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Study the chart and complete the text.

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Unit 3

The Railway Track

Start up

1. What is the main difference between the railway and all other modes of transport?

a) The vehicles can reach high speeds.

b) The vehicles cannot leave the track.

c) The vehicles have wheels.

d) The vehicles use diesel engines.

A) Match the pictures and the types of engineering structures.

 

A. B.

C. D.

  1) a culvert, 2) a viaduct, 3) a tunnel, 4) retaining wall 5) a flyover

E.

B) Read the descriptions (a-e) and match them with the types of engineering structures (1-5).

a) a bridge, road, or railway that crosses over another road or railway

b) a series of spans or arches used to carry a road or railway over a wide valley

c) a sewer used to allow water to pass underneath a road, railway, or embankment

d) an underground passageway

e) a structure constructed to resist the lateral pressure of soil

Read the text and fill the gaps with a word from the list.

a) piers b) obstacle c) structure
d) concrete e) cables f) abutments

 

A bridge is a ___ spanning and providing passage over a waterway, railway, or other ___. Beam bridges, the simplest type, are horizontal beams supported at each end by ___. When there is more than one span the intermediate supports are known as ___. Arch bridges are bridges with abutments at each end shaped as a curved arch. Suspention bridges are suspended from ___. Cantilever bridges are built using cantilevers – horizontal beams that are supported on only one end.

Bridges can be designed for trains, pedestrians or road traffic. A road-rail bridge carries both road and rail traffic.

The four materials are used for bridges: wood, stone, steel, and ___.

 

Webquest

Find an explanation of where the British term “the permanent way” comes from.

This site may help:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permanent_way_(history)

Find an explanation of where the term “ballast” comes from.

Reading

Study the chart and complete the text.

The railway track is laid on the ___ supported by the ___. The track and ballast form ___.

 

Fig. 1. Section through railway track and track formation

 

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