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1. Суды низшей инстанции включают мировые суды, суды графств, суды по делам несовершеннолетних, а также некоторые другие суды. 2. Мировые суды рассматривают мелкие уголовные правонарушения, а также некоторые гражданские дела, касающиеся семейных отношений и выдачи лицензий. 3. Мировому судье помогает секретарь суда, который имеет юридическое образование. 4. Более 95% уголовных дел начинаются и завершаются в мировом суде. 5. В Англии и Уэльсе более 200 судов графств. Эти суды также называют судами мелких тяжб. Они рассматривают иски о возврате долга, нарушении договора или оскорблении личности. 6. Уголовные дела против несовершеннолетних нарушителей рассматриваются специально подготовленными магистратами по делам о правонарушениях молодёжи.
| Choose the correct alternative. |
1. The UK Supreme Court has no jurisdiction over __________.
| A criminal cases in Scotland | C appeals from Welsh courts |
| B civil cases in Scotland | D matters under English civil law |
2. The High Court is divided into _______ divisions.
| A two | B three | C four | D five |
3. The president of one division of the High Court is called _________.
| A the Master of the Rolls | C the Lord Justice |
| B the Lord Chief Justice | D the Law Lord |
4. The Crown Court hears appeals against decisions of _________.
| A county courts | C the High Court |
| B magistrates’ courts | D the Court of Appeal |
5. Until August 2000 district judges were known as __________.
| A circuit judges | C youth magistrates |
| B magistrates | D stipendiary magistrates |
6. The jury decides whether the _______ is guilty or not.
| A judge | B adult | C accused | D clerk |
7. The money paid as compensation to a person for injury or loss is ______.
| A expenses | B damages | C a fine | D a claim |
8. In Britain magistrates ______ by the Crown.
| A appoint | B appoints | C are appointed | D were appointed |
9. Magistrates do not have any legal qualifications. ______, they receive some training.
| A Since | B However | C Although | D In addition |
10. Youth courts are presided _____ by a specially trained experienced magistrate or a district judge.
| A under | B on | C with | D over |
| Read the text and decide whether the sentences below are true (T), false (F) or unknown (UK). |
1. The youth courts were set up after the Criminal Justice Act 1991.
2. The age of criminal responsibility is 14 years.
3. Serious cases are referred to the High Court.
4. The offender's identity is hidden from the public.
5. The youth courts deal with offenders aged 10 to 18 years.
6. The youth magistrates are selected from a youth court panel, which is appointed by the justices in the local area each year.
The Youth Courts
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