Career development. Solicitors can become a partner in a firm of solicitors

Solicitors can become a partner in a firm of solicitors. They can also become heads of legal departments, chief executives in companies or local government chief officers. They can start their own legal firm or become a judge in certain courts.

Read the text to mark the statements below as true (T), false (F) or doesn’t say (DS).

1 Around 100,000 solicitors work in private firms.

2 About 50 per cent of solicitors are women.

3 A solicitor’s main work is advising clients on legal issues, representing them in court and drafting contracts and wills.

4 Solicitors may work for the central and local government.

5 To become a solicitor a person must have a law degree.

6 Some firms offering training contracts sponsor trainees to undertake the LPC course.

7 On completion of the Legal Practice Course (LPC), trainees normally undertake a one-year training contract.

8 During the period of the training contract, trainees have the opportunity to work in different specialist areas of law.

Translate the text into Russian using the LEGAL VOCABULARY.

LEGAL VOCABULARY (1)
charity	благотворительная организация
chief executive	исполнительный директор, глава фирмы
chief officer	главное должностное лицо; начальник
Common Professional Examination	общий профессиональный экзамен
Continuing Professional Development	непрерывное профессиональное развитие
conversion course	курс переподготовки
Crown Prosecution Service	служба уголовного преследования
degree first degree	учёная степень; диплом степень бакалавра
draw up (v)	составлять (текст документа)
employee	сотрудник; служащий
employer	наниматель, работодатель
graduate	выпускник университета
Graduate Diploma in Law (GDL)	последипломный курс права
Her Majesty's Courts Service	служба судов Ее Величества
in-house 'in house' legal department	внутренний, собственный собственный юридический отдел
Law Centre	центр правовой помощи (бесплатной)
Law Society	Общество юристов (профессиональный союз солиситоров)
Legal Practice Course (LPC)	курс адвокатской (юридической) практики
on behalf of smb	от имени кого-л., в интересах кого-л.
opposing solicitor	солиситор (адвокат) противной стороны
partner	партнер, член товарищества
partnership	товарищество, партнерство
placement	назначение на должность
Professional Skills Course (PSC)	курс обучения профессиональным навыкам
sole practitioner	индивидуальный/частный предприниматель
support staff	вспомогательный персонал
trainee	стажер, практикант
training contract	стажировка
will	завещание

VOCABULARY

	Match the sentence halves and translate the sentences into Russian.
	Lawyers in England and Wales	a	who have a first degree in another subject.
	Solicitors advise clients on the law	b	can qualify as solicitors or barristers.
	Solicitors generally work in comfortable offices	c	the Common Professional Examination (CPE) or Graduate Diploma in Law (GDL).
	Non-law graduates must take a one-year conversion course called	d	with good IT provision, libraries and secretarial support.
	Some law firms welcome candidates	e	and act on behalf of clients in legal matters.
	All graduates intending to be solicitors must take	f	the one-year Legal Practice Course (LPC) before starting a two-year training contract with a law firm.

Complete the definitions with the appropriate terms from the box. There are more terms than you need!

  Crown Prosecution Service Law Society partnership trainee graduate employer employee PSC LPC GDL seat degree training contract  

1. The ________ is the professional body of solicitors, established in 1825 and responsible for the registration of solicitors (requiring the passing of certain examinations) and the regulation of professional conduct.

2. A(n) ________ is a person who has been awarded a first degree from a university or college.

3. A(n) ________ is a contractual relationship between two or more persons carrying on a joint business venture.

4. A(n) ________ a person undergoing training.

5. A(n) ________ a person, business, firm, etc., that employs workers.

6. A(n) ________ is a training course which teaches skills required in practice, such as client care and finance and business skills.

7. A(n) ________ is a period of approximately six months spent by trainee solicitors in each of four or five different areas of practice.

8. A(n) ________ is a compulsory period of practical training in a law firm for graduates before they can qualify as a solicitor.

9. The ________ is an independent prosecuting body in England and Wales, established in 1986, that decides whether cases brought by the police should go to the courts.

TEST YOURSELF

Answer the questions.

1 Who can be a solicitor’s client?

2 What are a solicitor’s main responsibilities?

3 How do solicitors organize their work?

4 Where can solicitors work outside private practice?

5 What is their work environment like?

6 What hours do solicitors usually work?

7 What salaries may solicitors earn at the partner/senior level?

8 What are the requirements for entering the career?

9 Is the LPS a compulsory training course? What does it teach?

10 What does Continuing Professional Development mean?

11 Describe some possible career opportunities for solicitors.

Translate into English.

1. Солиситоры консультируют клиентов по юридическим вопросам, представляют их в суде, а также составляют юридические документы, контракты и завещания. 2. Значительная часть работы солиситора включает (involve) изучение и анализ документов, отчетов, прецедентов и изменений в законодательстве. 3. Некоторые солиситоры проводят много времени в суде или на встречах с адвокатами противной стороны. 4. Общество юристов – профессиональный орган солиситоров, который регламентирует их работу и устанавливает стандарты профессиональной подготовки. 5. Джон закончил университет с дипломом финансиста. Затем он прошел одногодичный курс переподготовки и сдал общий профессиональный экзамен. Крупная лондонская компания оплатила его курс адвокатской практики, после которого он получил двухгодичную стажировку в собственном юридическом отделе этой компании. После стажировки ему предложили работу в отделе корпоративных финансов и инвестиций. Джон проработал в компании пятнадцать лет и стал начальником юридического отдела. Когда ему исполнилось пятьдесят, он решил открыть свою юридическую фирму. Сейчас его старший сын – стажер в его фирме. Он хочет специализироваться в международном торговом (коммерческом) праве.

GRAMMAR

Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form. Translate into Russian.

The LPC (1 can/take) in many different formats including full-time and part-time, on week days, evenings, and weekends. 7,076 students (2 enroll) on the full-time LPC in September 2008, and 1,728 on the part-time course. The full-time course (3 last) a year, and fees (4 range) from £6,000-£12,500. A small proportion of students may have their fees and some living expenses paid for by future employers under a training contract. The course usually (5 take) after a law degree, but many graduates (6 take) the course after studying a different subject at university and taking a conversion course (7 call) the Graduate Diploma in Law (GDL/CPE). The LPC (8 regulate) through the Law Society of England and Wales.

Субъектный инфинитивный оборот (Complex Subject)

Конструкция «субъектный инфинитивный оборот» состоит из:

· подлежащего,

· «вводящего» глагола в функции сказуемого и

· инфинитива.

В предложении эта конструкция выполняет функцию сложного подлежащего (Complex Subject).

All prospective solicitors are supposed to take the Legal Practice Course.

Предполагается, что все будущие солиситоры проходят курс адвокатской практики.

Некоторые «вводящие» глаголы употребляются в действительном залоге (например, to seem казаться, to appear/to prove оказываться, to happen случаться), однако большинство из них употребляются в форме страдательного залога. В любом случае сказуемое обычно переводится на русский язык вводным словом или вводным неопределенно-личным предложением.

The prosecutor is reported to have dropped the fraud charges.	Сообщают, что прокурор снял обвинения в мошенничестве.
Shedoesn’t seem to be interested in criminal law.	Кажется, она не интересуется уголовным правом.

Обратите внимание на перевод следующих слов и выражений в конструкции Complex Subject.

(he) is alleged to... (he) is believed to... (he) is considered to.. (he) is expected to... (he) is heard to... (he) is felt to... (he) is known to... (he) is reported to... (he) is said to... (he) is supposed to... (he) is thought to... (he) is understood to...   (he) is sure (certain) to... (he) is likely to... (he) is unlikely to... (he) appears to... (he) seems to... (he) happens/happened to... (he) proves/ turns out to...

говорят/считают, что (он) якобы … полагают/считают, что (он) … считают/считается, что (он) … ожидается/предполагается, что (он) … имеются сведения, что (он) … считают, что (он)… известно, что (он)… передают/сообщают/сообщается, что (он)... говорят, что (он) … предполагается, что (он) … думают/считают, что (он) … по имеющимся сведениям (он) … / согласно договоренности (он) … (он) обязательно/определенно/наверняка … по-видимому/по всей вероятности/вероятно, (он) … маловероятно, что (чтобы)/вряд ли (он) … по-видимому (он) … кажется, что (он) … случайно (он) … /случилось так, что (он) … оказывается, что (он) …

	Choose the appropriate translation.
1.	The investigation is expected to be completed before the end of the month.	а) будет завершено б) завершается с) завершилось
2.	This judge is reported to have imposed the largest number of death sentences in the state.	а) выносит б) вынес с) будет выносить
3.	They are likely to change their plans.	а) изменяют б) изменяли с) изменят
4.	The professor is sure to take part in our discussion.	а) принимает б) принял с) примет
5.	The concept of an ideal society is known to have attracted people’s attention since the oldest times.	а) привлекает б) привлекала с) привлечет

Point out the complex subject with the infinitive and translate the sentences into Russian.

A. 1. The system seems to be functioning well. 2. The public are not expected to attend this meeting. 3. Her parents were thought to have been killed in an air crash when she was only five. 4. This case proved to be an exception to the rule. 5. The new method of research is believed to have produced good results. 6. The girl was seen to leave the house at about 10 p.m. 7. The fire is reported to have destroyed most of the building. 8. I was made to come to the meeting. 9. The boat was believed to disappear about two miles south of the island. 10. He turned out to know a lot about the history of that place. 11. The weather is not likely to change. 12. We happened to be near there on that evening.

B. 1. Judges are considered to have the central role in the criminal justice process. 2.The defence is heard to be preparing an unpleasant surprise to the prosecutor. 3. Mild sentences are said to have more effect on some criminals. 4. The judicial reform was reported to be carried out in six large cities of England. 5. At the arraignment, defendants are told what crime or crimes they are alleged to have committed. 6. The trial was understood to start the next week. 7. Her solicitor’s advice happened to be very good and save her a lot of money. 8. The jury is certain to find him guilty. 9. The defence strategy has proved to be rather effective. 10. Seventy-five per cent of Americans are reported to believe that judges are generally fair and honest in deciding each case. 11. The new federal government program is considered to have reduced street crime. 12. The accused is unlikely to be released on bail until trial. 13. Women are known to make up about 50 per cent of the total number of solicitors in England and Wales.

Put the words in the correct order, underline the complex subject and translate the sentences into Russian.

1. alleged / The defendant / to have committed / three serious crimes / is

2. The suspect / seen / on Saturday morning / to leave / was / the building

3. are reported / The police / to have / over 14 million arrests / made / last year

4. next year / is / to be spent / expected / on the / Over £26 million / court reform

5. supposed / Solicitors in private firms / per week / are / to work /45 to 50 hours

6. to find / The court / guilty / is / her / likely

7. working on / to be / a very serious / He / case / is known

8. seems / to have / The judge / an important decision / made

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