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С некоторыми глаголами можно использовать или инфинитив, или герундий. При этом меняется смысл предложения.
| Глаголы | Герундий | Инфинитив |
| begin - начинать | a. Сказуемое обозначает деятельность или процесс (в данном значение возможно использование инфинитива). - She began crying (to cry). - When did you begin learning (to learn) English? | a. Сказуемое обозначает душевное состояние или мыслительную деятельность. - I began to feel dizzy. - He began to realize that he had made a mistake. b. Подлежащее является неодушевлён-ным. - The barometer began to fall. c. Сказуемое стоит во времени Continu- ous. - It's beginning to freeze. |
| start - начинать, браться за что- либо | - It started raining. | - It is starting to snow. |
| stop – останавли- ваться, прекращать | - He stopped smoking on his doctor's advice (= He doesn't smoke anymore) | - He stopped to smoke. (= in order to smoke) |
| cease - прекращать, приостанавливать | - The factory has ceased making bicycles. | - The old German Empire ceased to exist in 1918. |
| continue – продол- жать | - How long will you continue working? | - He continued to live with his parents after his marriage. |
| like (love) - нравиться | - I like cooking (= нравится вообще) | - I like to cook my meals. (= считаете правильным или нужным) |
| dread - страшиться, бояться, опасаться | - I dread having to visit the dentist. | - I dread to think what may happen. |
| loathe - чувствовать отвращение, ненавидеть | - He loathes travelling by air. (в общем) | - I loathe to have to put up here. (в частности) |
| hate - ненавидеть, не хотеть, испытывать неловкость | - She hates getting to the theatre late. (=сильная неприязнь) | - I hate to trouble you. (= сожаление) |
| remember - помнить, напоминание ("не забудь") | - I remember posting your letter. (= помните, что сделали это) | - He remembered to post the letter. (= не забыл сделать) |
| forget - забывать | - I forgot calling you the day before. (о прошедшем действии) | - Don't forget to call me tomorrow. (действие, которое происходит одновременно или чуть позже) |
| regret - сожалеть | - I regret saying (having said) that you were mistaken. (действие произошло раньше) | - I regret to say that you were mistaken. (= I am sorry that I must now tell you...) |
| try - пытаться, стараться | - Try knocking at the back door if nobody hears you at the front door. (= сделать что-либо в качестве эксперимента) | - Try to get here early. (= сделать попытку) |
| prefer- предпочитать | - I prefer walking to cycling. (вообще, по жизни) | - I prefer to wait here. (в частности, сейчас) |
| be afraid (of) - бояться | - I don’t like dogs. I'm always afraid of being bitten. (= есть вероятность, что произойдет что-то плохое) | - He was afraid to tell his parents that he had broken the neighbour's window. (= не хочет делать, потому что это опасно или может привести к неприятным последствиям). |
| - You are afraid to do smth because you are afraid of smth happening as a result. - I was afraid to stay in the sun because I was afraid of getting burnt. |
После конструкции would like употребляется инфинитив. Необходимо запомнить разницу между выражениями I like и I would like. I would like – вежливый синоним фразы I want.
- I like playing tennis. (= вообще, по жизни)
- I would like to play tennis today. (= сейчас)
Можно использовать I would love/prefer/hate + Infinitive.
- Would you prefer to have dinner now or later?
- I'd love to be able to travel round the world.
Существует несколько глаголов, после которых можно употреблять герундий или придаточное предложение с союзом "that".
| Verb | Gerund | "that-clause" |
| 1. admit - признавать | He admitted having done wrong. | He admitted (that) he had made the same mistake again. |
| 2. report - сообщать | He reported having seen the escaped convict. | It is reported that the expedition has already come back. |
| 3. deny - отрицать | He denied knowing anything about the plan. | I denied (that) the statement was true. |
| 4. suggest - предлагать | I suggest going home. | I suggested that he should see a specialist immediately. |
| 5. acknowledge - допускать, признавать | Не acknowledged having been frightened. | He refused to acknowledge that he had been defeated. |
| 6. anticipate, foresee - ожидать, предвидеть | We didn't anticipate being treated like that. | The directors anticipated that demand would fall. |
| 7. fancy - нравиться, воображать, представлять себе | She didn't fancy going out. (= like the idea) | I fancy that he is in for a disappointment. (= get the idea) |
| 8. imagine - воображать | I can't imagine marrying a girl of that sort. (= form a picture in the mind) | Don't imagine that I can lend you money every time you need it. (= get the idea) |
III. С некоторыми глаголами можно использовать инфинитив, герундий или придаточное предложение с союзом "that". При этом смысл предложения не меняется.
| 1. love - любить | - She loves having/to have a lot of dogs and young men around her. |
| 2. regret - сожалеть | - I regret being unable to help you. - He regretted to have said that. - I regretted that I couldn't help. |
| 3. intend – намереваться, планировать | - What do you intend doing/to do today? - We intended that they should do it. (= have in mind as a plan) |
| 4. forget - забывать | - I shall never forget hearing Chaliapin in that part. - He has forgotten to pay me. - Did you forget that I was coming? |
| 5. propose - предлагать | - I propose starting early/to start early/that we should start early. |
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| to express purpose. | | | VERBS FOLLOWED BY THE INFINITIVE |