Gerund infinitive. (to express general preferences) (to express specific preference)

(to express general preferences) (to express specific preference)

e.g. I prefer painting to drawing. e.g. I prefer to paint your portrait,

not your sister’s.

Note: In the phrase would prefer … rather than both bare infinitive and gerund can be used.

e.g. I would prefer to spend the weekend at home rather than drive/driving all the way to your mother’s.

to consider

Gerund infinitive

(to express an opinion about something) (to think about doing something)

e.g. We consider her to be the best pianist. e.g. He considers leaving his home town for ever.

to allow

Gerund infinitive

(without indirect object) (with an indirect object)

e.g. They don’t allow smoking here. We were not allowed to smoke there.

to need

Gerund infinitive

(passive meaning= passive infinitive) (require)

e.g. Your hair needs cutting. = to be cut e.g. I need to know the exact size.

The windows need washing How much money do you need?

4. There is also a group of verbs that can take either infinitive or gerund depending on the voice they are used in or the object they take.

To advise to allow to permit to recommend to encourage

Gerund infinitive

(when they are not followed by an object) (in the passive voice or followed by an object)

e.g. The agency advises booking e.g. The agent advised us to book in advance.

in advance. We were advised to book in advance.

5. With the verbs and phrasal verbs given below only the gerund is used. It is important to remember not only these verbs and phrasal verbs but also the prepositions.

Preposition “of”

To be aware of

To be afraid of

To accuse of

To approve of

To be capable of

To be incapable of

To complain of

To be conscious of

To be fond of

To speak of

To suspect of

To hear of

To learn of

To think of

to consist of/in

To be ignorant of

To be proud of

To be sure of

To be tired of

To give up the idea of

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