Survival for Hikers

If you plan to go hiking n the wilderness or national park, make sure you are prepared. A compass, a knife and maps are essential items to take with you. You should also take wooden matches in a waterproof case; some concentrated food, such as nuts and dried fruit; and water in a canteen. Plan for emergencies as well. Take along first-aid equipment, shelter for the rain, and extra clothes. In order to stay warm, your head, hands, and feet must be warm, so include gloves, extra socks and a wool hat.

If you get lost in the woods, first try to backtrack and find the trail you were on. Look for trail signs other people may have left, such as piles of rocks, tied bunches of grass, or broken branches. Sit down and try to figure out which direction you came from. Then go back that way.

If you can’t find the trail, try to explore the area, marking your pass as you go. Climb a tree and look for landmarks. During the day, look for roads or rooftops in the distance. At night, look for lights and sniff the air. You may be able to smell smoke from a campfire. If you detect any of these signs, start to walk in their direction, but if is dark, find shelter for the night and wait until morning. Even a full moon won’t give you enough light, and it can throw shadows that hide dangers.

If you are lost, don’t expect to be rescued. Even if someone knows you are lost and sends out a search party, it may not find you. Therefore, if you can get out on your own, do so. However, if you cannot move far for some reason, build a bright fire at night and a smoky one during the day. Try to clear an area that can be seen from the air and use rocks to write a message. You can also use bright colours, shiny metal, or mirrors to signal aircraft. Above all, do not panic.

Task 27. Read the following extract. Choose the correct forms of the words in brackets. Comment on your own experience in travelling with children.

The actual physical discomfort of travelling with children is not so great, although you do emerge from it (to look) as if you had just moved the piano upstairs single-handed. It is the mental wear-and-tear that tells and for a sensitive man there is only one thing worse, and that is a church wedding in which he is playing the leading comedy role.

There are several branches of the ordeal of travelling with children, and it is difficult to tell which is the roughest. (To take) a very small baby on a train one maintains that this ranks as pleasure along with having a nerve (to kill). On the other hand, those whose wee companions are in the romping stage, simply laugh at the claims of the first group.

There is much to be said for those who maintain that rather should the race be allowed to die out than that babies should be taken from place to place along our national arteries of traffic. On the other hand, there are moment when babies are asleep. After the baby is asleep, your troubles are over except for (to wonder) how you can shift your (to ossify) arm to a new position without disturbing its precious burden.

If the child is of an age which denies the existence of sleep, however, (to prefer) to run up and down the aisle of the car rather than sit in its chair, then every minute of the trip is full of fun.

Task 28. Role Play

I. Make up dialogues following the situations and strategies suggested below. Work in pairs.

Situation 1. Student A: You are planning a trip to Hawaii with small children. You would like to rent an apartment or a bungalow (cottage), because you need your own kitchen. Explain your situation to the travel agent. Ask about reduced fares and find out details of the sea voyage.

Student B: You are the travel agent. Give the required information about accommodations and details about sea voyage – heated pool, nightly entertainment, superb cuisine, and a spacious cabin.

Strategy:

Agent		Client
Welcomes the client	Ê
	Ã	Explains his/her problem
Gives general information on the matter, asks for details	Ê
	Ã	Gives the details, asks about reduced fares
Offers some variants	Ê
	Ã	Expresses gratitude and promises to come later
Replies to the expression of gratitude

Situation 2. Student A: You are fond of sports, especially golf. You prefer a moderate climate. Find out where you can go in April or May to find good golfing.

Student B: You are a travel agent. Suggest going to South Carolina. There are many golf courses both in the mountains and on the ocean front. Suggest transportation and accommodation services.

Strategy:

Client		Agent
Explains his/her demands	Ê
	Ã	Gives general information, asks when his client plans to make a trip
Gives the details	Ê
	Ã	Offers some tours, mentions seasonal rates
Expresses gratitude for the information	Ê
		Replies to the expression of gratitude

Situation 3. Students A and B: You are Mr and Mrs Brown. You are going to have a vacation trip to ____. Choose a name. Decide if you are taking the children with you. You can afford to spend $____. Remember pocket money, travel expenses. Discuss how you can ask the travel agent about accommodations (camping, cottage, hotel), facilities (TV, swimming pool, bath, etc.), meals (including in the price), activities you are interested in (fishing, riding, sailing, swimming, skiing, etc.).

Student C: You are a travel agent. Greed your customers, find out what you can help them with, explain what possibilities there are regarding types of accommodations and activities. If your customers book a trip don’t forget to get the name and address.

II. Following the given examples work out your own strategy and make up a dialogue. Work in pairs.

Travelling by Train

Vocabulary

Tickets: Railway/railroad ticket, one-way/single, return/round trip ticket/ return berth, ticket machine, reduced fare, child’s, first class, adult fare, child fare, single fare, to get in line for a ticket, to buy a ticket in advance, fare, cancellation, ticket office, ticket collector.

Carriages: carriage/car, smoking car, luggage-van, car for non-smokers, sleeping car/sleeper, dining-car/restaurant car/buffet car, smoker/smoking- car.

Trains: fast, slow, passenger, long distance/sleeper, local, direct/through.

Words: Booking-office, cabin, engine, guide, journey, hitch-hiking, luggage/baggage porter/red cap(Am.), speed, tour, travel, trip, voyage, walker, train/railroad/railway station, arrivals and departures board/time-table board, train times/train schedule, compartment, change of trains/transfer, track.

Word Combinations: To go on a journey, trip, voyage, a package tour; to travel by air (train, boat, cruiser, liner, etc.); to change from train to boat (cruiser, liner) (But: to change for a boat. Also: Where do I change for Paris?); to be travelsick (in any kind of transport); to travel/go first class; to travel second/standard class; to make a trip, journey; to look inviting; to be due at (a place); you can’t beat the train; a home lover/stay-at-home/a home-stay type; to register one's luggage/to check one's baggage (Am.); boot; small/hand/personal luggage; to send as heavy luggage; travel agent; to be on move/to travel.

Additional Words and Expressions

Where can I buy a train ticket? I want to reserve a round-trip ticket. How much is the train ticket? Where can I leave my luggage? I’d like to leave this suitcase in the baggage check room. I’ve missed the train. When does the train to… leave? Is the 9:10 late? Where can I see the time-table? What time is the next train? How long does it take to get to …? When does the 9:10 arrive at …? Is it a through train or do I have to change? What platform does the train leave from? Where is the car (carriage) number …? Where is the conductor? Will we arrive on the schedule? Please, show me my seat. How long do we stop here?

Task 1. The words in the box are all to do with travelling by train. Fill them in the proper groups.

Ticket office, buffet car, show (your ticket), get on, café, single, ticket inspector, passenger, get off, miss, driver, information office, compartment, season, platform, waiting room, catch, return

Verbs to do with trains -

Kinds of tickets -

People -

Places –

Task 2. Learn the dialogue and act out the scene.

AT THE STATION

F.: Well, here we are at last! When I get into the boat-train. I feel that holidays have already begun. Have you got the tickets, Jan?

J.: Yes, here they are. I booked seats for you and me; trains are usually crowded at this time. We have numbers A26 and A30; two corner-seats in a non-smoker, one back to the engine. Is that all right?

F.: That’s very good, Jan. I don’t like going a long journey in a smoker. May I sit facing the engine?

J.: Of course! You can take whichever seat you like. As a matter of fact, I really prefer sitting with my back to the engine. Here’s our carriage, A, and here’s our compartment. You can get into the train now.

F.: Lucy, won’t you come into the carriage with me? You will be warmer inside.

L.: Thanks, I will.

J.: I’ll go and see that our luggage has been put into the guard’s van, and I’ll book two seats in the restaurants car for lunch. I’ll get some newspapers at the bookstall and some chocolate on my way back. (He goes away.)

L.: Jan is a good fellow for getting things done, isn’t he?

F.: He is. I don’t know anyone better. I’m very glad he is coming with me. I know that I shall have a very comfortable journey. Jan will see to everything – find the seats on the train, see that my luggage is all right, and get it through the customs. I shan’t have to do anything at all except sit back and enjoy the journey.

Task 3. Memorize the poem. Try your hand at translating it into your native language.

From a Railway Carriage

Faster than fairies, faster than witches,

Bridges and houses, hedges and ditches;

And charging along like troops in a battle,

All through the meadows, the horses and cattle;

All of the sights of the hill and the plain

Fly as thick as driving rain;

And ever again, in the wink of an eye,

Painted stations whistle by.

Here is a child who clambers and scrambles,

All by himself and gathering brambles;

Here is a tramp who stands and gazes;

And there’s the green for stringing the daisies!

Here is a cart run away in the road,

Lumping along with man and load;

And here is a mill and there’s a river;

Each a glimpse and gone for ever!

Robert L. Stevenson

Task 4. Read the dialogues and act them out.

Passenger: I want a ticket to London, please. Which train must I take?

Booking-clerk: If I were you, I should take the 8.35 train.

P.: Do I have to change anywhere?

B.: No, no change, it’s a through train.

P.: Thank you. A ticket to London, please.

B.: Single or return?

P.: Return, please, first class.

B.: Here you are.

P.: Thank you. Can you tell me, what time the train goes?

B.: 8.35. You’ll have to hurry if you want to register your luggage.

P.: Thanks. (He hurried away.)

***

A.: Porter, will you see to my luggage, please?

P.: Where for, sir?

A.: I am taking the ten o’clock train for Glasgow. Have this trunk labelled and it in the luggage van, and two suit-cases can go in the carriage.

P.: Right, sir. What class?

A.: First. Find me a corner seat facing the engine in a smoker.

P.: Have you got your ticket, sir?

A.: No, not yet. Where’s the booking-office?

P.: Come along with me, sir. I’ll show you. Here it is. You take your ticket, sir, and I’ll meet you on the platform.

A.: Which platform is it?

P.: Number 8, over there…

A.: Here you are, sir. I’ve found you a corner seat next to the corridor. Your carriage is near the dining-car and you can order lunch when the attendant comes along.

P.: What time do we get to Glasgow?

A.: You’re due to arrive at 6.15.

P.: Thank you, sir. I hope you’ll find the journey comfortable.

A.: Well, if I had some minutes left, I should like to go and get myself a book to while away the time during the journey.

P.: I’ll bring you a paper, sir.

Task 5. Make up your own dialogue using the words and expressions from the list.

To buy a ticket for a journey, to carry luggage, to take trunks and suit-cases to the luggage van, to get off the train, to stop at the station, to get a light refreshment, hand luggage, to hurry, to book the ticket beforehand, to wait in a queue, to register the luggage, late-comers, to see somebody off.

Task 6. Make up your own story using the words and expressions from the list.

At the railway station, to get a morning paper, the waiting-room, the train is due out at, to have a long journey, sleeping-car, a through train, a stopping train, a long distance train, an express, a local train, to travel light, to register the luggage, the left-luggage office, to hurry along the train.

Task 7. Complete the following sentences.

1. When we came to the railway station we saw …. 2. If you didn’t book your ticket beforehand you’ll have to …. 3. If you want to buy a ticket for your journey you must …. 4. The porters were busy …. 5. It takes you much time to travel by a stopping train because …. 6. If you have much luggage and prefer to travel light you can …. 7. If you don’t like to queue up at the booking-office you can …. 8. They didn’t want to miss the train that’s why …. 9. The train was ready to leave that’s why …. 10. The train starts in 20 minutes so if you are hungry you can …. 11. If you are in a hurry and don’t want to travel by a stopping train ….

Task 8. Complete the dialogue supplying the missing words.

P.: I want a ticket to …

B.-cl.: If I were you, I should …

P.: Do I have to…

B.-cl.: No, …

P.: Thank you …

B.-cl.: Single or return?

P.: … …

B.-cl.: Here you are.

P.: Thank you. Can you tell me …

B.-cl.: … … …

P.: Thanks.

Task 9. Translate the following sentences.

1. Скільки залізничних вокзалів в Києві? 2. Потяги підходять до платформи кожні 5 хв. 3. Якщо ви не замовили квиток заздалегідь, ви можете купити його в білетній касі на вокзалі. 4. Білетні каси знаходяться праворуч від зали очікування. 5. Газети і журнали можна купити в кіоску в залі очікування. 6. Носії везуть візки з багажем до багажного вагону. 7. Потяг № 234 іде без зупинок, а потяг № 347 зупиняється на багатьох станціях. 8. Швидкі потяги не зупиняються на всіх станціях. 9. В потягах місцевого призначення немає вагону-ресторану. 10. В кожному потязі далекого прямування є багажний вагон, вагон-ресторан і спальні вагони. 11. Вона не здала багаж в камеру схову, так як не хотіла стояти в черзі. 12. Ті, хто полюбляють подорожувати без багажу (to travel light) здають чемодани в багаж. 13. Ви любите проводжати друзів? 14. Дайте мені, будь ласка, квиток до Харкова. 15. До Львова немає прямого потягу, вам доведеться зробити пересадку в Коростені. 16. Я вам раджу взяти квиток туди і назад. В Сімферополі важко купити квиток на Київ, і вам доведеться стояти в черзі. 17. Багато пасажирів надають перевагу місцям за рухом потягу. 18. Потяг з Києва повинен прибути о 12 годині до платформи №5.

Travelling by Plane

Essential Vocabulary

Pilot, cockpit, stewardess/flight attendant, call button, excess luggage, to pay for excess luggage, airline, to take off, altitude, window seat, aisle seat, flight, non-stop flight, boarding, landing::take-off, to land::to take off, unscheduled stop, boarding pass, check-in, check-in desk/counter, domestic flight, direct flight, shuttle flight, seat belt, to fasten a seat belt, air sickness, to be air sick; aircraft; to circle over the airfield, to taxi over the airfield, scheduled flight, delayed flight, gangway, departure gate, domestic flight, international flight, landing formalities, to board the plane, on board (the plane), landing card, to fill in a landing card, runway lights, to check in for the flight; check-in desk; to go through the check gate

Additional Words and Expressions

How do I get to the airport? What time do I have to be at the airport? Where is the check-in desk? Has the boarding time been announced? When is our plane taking off? What’s the departure time for flight number …? When does the next plane leave for …? Is this a non-stop (direct) flight? At what time does the plane arrive in (at)…? What airport will we arrive in (at)? Give me a pill for airsick, please. Now boarding. Last call. Delayed 30 min.

Task 1. Read the text and answer the following questions.

1. How long before the departure time is it advisable to arrive at the airport?

2. What airport formalities is the passenger requested to complete before he boards the plane?

3. What do you do if you have excess luggage?

4. What can you carry to the cabin free of charge?

5. What electric signs must the passenger obey?

6. What are the usual landing formalities and customs regulations?

7. Is the passenger’s vaccination certificate always checked? Why?

8. What do you do if you have nothing to declare?

9. Some passenger’s luggage may be gone through carefully. Is it a regular occurrence? Why is it done?

Travelling by Air

Nowadays people seem to prefer to travel mostly by air, as it is the fastest means of transport. While travelling by air you should remember such things:

Passengers are requested to arrive at the airport two hours before departure time on international flights and an hour on domestic flights as there must be enough time to complete the necessary formalities.

Passengers must register their tickets, weigh in and register the luggage. Most airlines have at last two classes of travel, first class and economy class, which is cheaper. Each passenger of more than two years of age has a free luggage allowance. Generally this limit is 20 kg for economy class passengers and 30 kg for first class passengers. Excess luggage must be paid for except for some articles that can be carried free of charge.

Each passenger is given a boarding pass to be shown at the departure gate and again to the stewardess when boarding the plane.

Watch the electric sign flashes when you are on board. When the “Fasten Seat Belt” sign goes on, do it promptly, and also obey the “No Smoking” signal.

Do not forget your personal effects when leaving the plane.

Landing formalities and customs regulations are more or less the same in all countries.

While still on board the plane the passenger is given an arrival card to fill in.

After the passenger has disembarked, officials will check his passport and visa. In some countries they will check the passenger’s certificate of vaccination. The traveller is also requested to go through an AIDS check within ten or fourteen days of his/her arrival in the country. If the traveller fails to do so some strict measures could be taken by the authorities including imprisonment (in some countries) or payment of a considerable penalty.

When these formalities have been completed the passenger goes to the Customs for an examination of his luggage.

As a rule personal belongings may be brought in duty-free. If the traveller has nothing to declare he may just go through the “green” section of the Customs.

In some cases the Customs inspector may ask you to open your bags for inspection. It sometimes happens that a passenger’s luggage is carefully gone through in order to prevent smuggling. After you are through with all customs formalities the inspector will put a stamp on each piece of luggage or chalk it off.

Task 2. Read the following text and say what the rules of going through customs are.

Going through Customs

While travelling abroad you have to go through customs, sometimes several times.

As a rule the customs officers check your passport and visas if they are required. When coming to some countries you may need a health certificate or a certificate of vaccination. If you have anything to declare, then you are to fill in the declaration form.

The customs officers may ask you to show your luggage to them. Usually articles for personal use and wear and also used items and gifts are not liable to duty anywhere. If you are carrying much currency you should also declare it. If you are carrying weapons you need a permit. Although some items are liable to duty, if you carry only a small amount of them, they are duty free.

Occasionally the customs officers may take some of your things for a more detailed inspection but usually they return them soon.

Do not try to break the customs rules and regulations because you may have a lot of troubles.

Task 3. Read the text and answer the questions: What regulations exist in your country concerning export of currency and goods? How different are customs restrictions imposed on US residents and visitor on entering the USA?

Getting Ready to Fly.

Customs Regulations.

Before boarding the plane, you are requested to present a valid passport together with a customs declaration ensuring that you are not violating any of your country’s laws. Thus it is important to know the existing regulations concerning the export of currency and goods (merchandise). Upon arrival in a foreign country, you will have your passport inspected by the immigration office. This is done to prevent importation of goods which for various reasons (economic, health, security, etc.) appear undesirable to the country’s administration.

That is why it is equally important to be aware of restrictions imposed on travellers entering a foreign country.

The US Customs Service supplies all people coming to the United States with details of currently existing regulations. They are to be found at the back of the customs declaration form:

Warning The smuggling or unlawful importation of controlled substances¹ regardless of amount is a violation of U.S. law. Accuracy of your declaration may be verifies through questioning and physical search. Agriculture Products To prevent the entry of dangerous agricultural pests the following are restricted: fruits, vegetables, plants, plant products, soil, meat products, birds, snails, and other live animals or animal products. Failure to declare all such items to a Customs/Agriculture Office can result in fines or other penalties. Currency and Monetary Instruments The transportation of currency or monetary instruments², regardless of amount, is legal; however, if you take out of or bring into (or are about to take out of or bring into) the United States more than $10,000³ (U.S. or foreign equivalent, or a combination of the two) in coin, currency, travellers checks or bearer instruments such as money orders, checks, stocks or bond, you are required by law to file a report with the U.S. Customs Service. If you have the currency or instruments carried for you by someone else, you must also file the report. Failure to file the required report or false statements on the report may lead to seizure of the currency or instruments and to civil penalties and/or criminal prosecution. Merchandise U.S. residents must declare the total value of all articles acquired abroad (where new or used, whether dutiable or not, and whether obtained bypurchase, as a gift, or otherwise), including those purchases made in duty free stores in the U.S. or abroad, which are in their or their family’s possession at the time of arrival. Visitors must declare the total value of all gifts and commercial items, including samples they are bringing with them. The amount of duty to be paid will be determined by a Customs officer. U.S. residents are normally entitled to a duty free exemption of $400⁴ on those items accompanying them; non-residents are normally entitled to an exemption of $100. Both residents and non-residents will normally be required to pay a flat 10% rate⁵ of duty on the first $1000 above their exemptions.

¹substances whose importation is prohibited (e.g. narcotics, etc.).

² financial documents

³ note that in English (,) is used to facilitate the reading of numerals; (.) is used to denote decimal fractions: 1.5;.5 (=1/2).

⁴ no duty is paid on the first $400 worth of goods

⁵ 10% of the value of goods with no interest

Study the text and answer the following questions:

1. What substances are restricted for importation? 2. What are the reasons for customs restrictions? 3. What articles must be declared by U.S. residents and visitors? 4. What penalties may be imposed for violating U.S. Customs regulations? 5. What are the regulations for importing currency and monetary instruments? 6. What is the difference in duty free exemption for US residents and for non-residents?

In the text, find 3 sentences containing the Objective Participial Constuction have + noun + Participle II. Note that this structure is used to avoid mentioning who performed the action. Paraphrase the following sentences using this model.

Model: A customs official will inspect your passport ⇨You will have your passport inspected.

1. They photocopied the article for me. 2. My watch was repaired at the watch repairer’s. 3. I will ask them to type and staple these papers. 4. My old shoes were repaired. 5. Bill’s luggage was checked at the airport. 6. Your telephone must be replaced. 6. They will search your bag at customs.

Answer the following questions using the Objective Participial Construction ( have + noun + Participle II):

1. … your shoes need to be repaired? 2. … your hair has grown too long? 3. … you don’t want to carry your luggage to your room? 4. … your house needs a new coat of paint? 5. … your watch is broken? 6. … you want to make sure your letter doesn’t get lost? 7. … the wallpaper in your room is old and dirty? 8. … your eyesight is bad?

Note the difference between the structures in exercises 4, 5 and the Present Perfect Tense forms. Make up sentences based on the information in brackets. Use the have + noun + Participle II or Perfect depending on who performs the action.

1. repair Jack’s car (a garage mechanic did the job); 2. take my luggage to the airport (I did it myself); 3. dye Lucy’s hair (at the Wella salon); 4. register my letter (at the post office); 5. paint our living room pink (we didn’t need a painter); 6. type this letter (I have a typewriter); 7. take your things up to your room (I’ll ask the bell boy); 8. deliver your ticket to your home or office (the agent was paid to do this job).

Make up when?, why? and where?-questions to fit the answers below. Note that in answering a question it is customary to put the essential information at the end of the sentence.

1. Bill had his hair cut at the nearest stylist. 2. I had my letter registered because it is very important. 3. Paul had his thesis typed last week. 4. Mrs Kim has food delivered to her home because she’s elderly. 5. We’ll have our house painted next summer. 6. You can have your watch repaired just around the corner. 7. I can have this letter sent by e-mail, it’s faster. 8. We’ll have the new computer installed in the room too.

Study the chart below and try to find answers to the following questions:

1. Can you bring in 7 litres of table wine bought in a Paris supermarket? 2. Can you import 20 packs of cigarettes and 50 cigars if you got them in the Frankfurt airport? 3. Can you carry two cartons of cigarettes if you are travelling with your 14-year-old son? 4. Can you bring in a300-gram bottle of toilet water from Budapest? 5. Do you think that citizens of EC countries have an advantage in importing goods? Explain your point of view.

Duty-free Allowance
Goodsobtained duty and tax free or goods obtained outside the EC	Goods obtained duty and tax paid in the EC
Tobacco products
200 cigarettes or 100 cigarillos or 50 cigars or 250 gram of tobacco	300 cigarettes or 150 cigarillos or 75 cigars or 400 gram of tobacco

Alcoholic drinks
2 litres of still table wine 1 litre over 22% vol. (e.g. spirits and strong liqueurs) or 2 litres not over 22% vol. (e.g. low-strength liqueurs or fortified wines or sparkling wines or a further 2 litres of still table wine	5 litres of still table wine 1.5 litre over 22% vol. (e.g. spirits and strong liqueurs) or 3 litres not over 22% vol. (e.g. low-strength liqueurs or fortified wines or sparkling wines or a further 3 litres of still table wine
Persons under 17 are not entitled to tobacco and drinks allowances
Perfume
50 grams (60 cc or 2 fl oz)	75 grams (60 cc or 2 fl oz)
Toilet water
250 cc (9 fl oz)	375 cc (13 fl oz)

Discuss the following points using words and structures you have learned:

1. Customs restrictions: can we do without them?

2. Your own/your friend’s experience with customs officials.

Task 4. Read the dialogue and say where Mrs Brown is going to have her luggage inspected.

Checking in

Clerk: Next, please!

Mrs Brown: Here’s my ticket, flight DL 33 206 to New York.

C. (taking the ticket and looking at the computer screen): Everything’s OK. Would you like an aisle or a window seat?

B.: Window seat, please.

C.: Smoking or non-smoking section?

B.: Non-smoking. I gave up smoking years ago.

C.: Good idea!... Here’s your ticket and boarding pass. Your flight departs from gate G5 on the upper level.

B.: Where do I have my luggage inspected?

C.: The luggage inspection area is right in the centre of the hall. Anything else I can do for you?

B.: Well, in fact there is one other thing. How do I go about changing planes at Frankfurt?

C.: Oh, that’s easy. The first thing you have to do is listen to what the flight attendant will say on the PA system; make sure you remember the gate number, OK?

B.: Yes.

C.: Fine! Now the next thing you do when you get off the plane is go to the gate. At the gate you will have your luggage inspected.

B.: All my luggage?

C.: Only your carry-on luggage. The rest will go directly to the plane. After you’ve done that, you can either stay in the waiting area or go shopping, but after that they will want to look through your luggage once more. Do you see what I mean? You’ll have your passport and ticket checked again. So be careful to have them handy. Is that clear?

B.: Absolutely! Thank you!

Task 5. In the dialogue find the expressions the clerk uses to give instructions and to check Mrs Brown’s understanding. Study the two lists of expressions used to give instructions and check understanding.

Giving instructions: First you…, then you…. It’s like this: first you…. This is how you do it: you …. You should follow this procedure: …. The first thing you have to/should do is …. The next thing you do is …. After you’ve done that, you …. Then you …. finally, you ….

Checking understanding: Do you follow me? Are you with me? Do you see/know what I mean? I hope that’s clear? Does that make sense? OK?/Right? Do I make myself clear?

Take turns giving instructions to your fellow students on the following matters; make sure that he/she has understood.

1. how to order an airplane ticket; 2. how to confirm his/her flight; 3. how to get to the airport by public transport; 4. what to do with his/her luggage at the airport; 5. how to change planes.

After each item, let him/her repeat the instructions as a coherent story.

In pairs, work out a set of instructions for each of the activities listed below, then explain to another pair how to do one of these activities, answering all their questions. Let them offer the instructions to the rest of the class and give your opinion. Then swap roles.

1. how to make a long-distance call;

2. how to make a good cup of tea/coffee;

3. how to cook your favourite dish;

4. how to use a microwave.

Task 6. Read the following dialogue. When does Dr Brown have to be at the airport?

Confirming a Flight

Delta: Hello? Delta Airlines at your service. Thank you for calling Delta.

Brown: Oh, uh, hello, I wonder if you could help me. I’d like to confirm my flight to New York.

D.: Certainly, sir. Can you tell me the date and flight number, please?

B.: It’s the twenty-third of October, and the flight number is DL 33206.

D.: Thank you sir. Would you mind holding while I check?

B.: Not at all.

(A few moments later)

D.: Are you there, sir? Your flight has been confirmed for the twenty-third of October, number DL 33206.

B.: Thanks… Er, something else I’d like to know… When do I have to be at the airport?

D.: At least an hour before the flight. Don’t be late for check-in, sir!

B.: Thank you so much.

Дата добавления: 2015-10-24