V. Speaking skills. 1. Alexander the Great liberated the Greek cities and proclaimed the unity of the Greeks and Persians.

Ex. 10. Agree or disagree. Prove your answer:

1. Alexander the Great liberated the Greek cities and proclaimed the unity of the Greeks and Persians.

2. Cuneiform could not be adapted to the writing of many different lan­guages.

3. The Persians were the first to extend their domination beyond present-
day Iran into Eastern Anatolia.

4. Darius established a system of 'satraps', or local governors.

5. Both Darius and Xerxes managed to conquer mainland Greece.

6. After Alexander's death much of the Near Eastern parts came into the hands of the Seleucid dynasty.

7. The first signs of the 'Neolithic revolution' appeared in Mesopotamia.

8. The fourth millennium ВС saw the beginnings of the true city-life.

Ex. 11. a) Answer the following questions to see if you understand every word in the text:

1. What societies were the first to be literate?

2. What were the first signs of the 'Neolithic revolution'?

3. What is known about the first true city-dwellers?

4. What peoples lived in the region of the Near East in ancient times?

5. In what way can you characterize the Hittites' Empire?

6. What were the stages of changes in written symbols?

7. Is there any written material of the period?

B) Put questions of your own to the rest of the text. Ask your classmates to answer them.

Ex. 12. Make up a plan of the text, provide each point of the plan with necessary words and word combinations. Compare and discuss your plans in the classroom.

Ex. 13. Retell the text using your own plan and expressions from Ex. 5,6,12.

Ex. 14. Give the gist of the text.

Ex. 15. Role play.

Discuss the stages of changes in written symbols. Give an interview for a popular science radio program. Act as either a reporter or a scholar.

Ex. 16. Study the dates and events, read and pronounce them correctly, give some com­ments of your own:

7,000 ВС the Neolithic Age

7-6,000 ВС Pre-Pottery Neolithic

6-3,500 ВС Pottery Neolithic

3-2,000 ВС the Early Bronze Age

2,000-1,500 ВС the Middle Bronze Age

1,500-1,000 ВС the Late Bronze Age

1,000- 500 ВС the Iron Age

700-500 ВС the Assyrian and Babylonian Empires

500-300 ВС the Achaemenid Empire

300-250 ВС the Seleucid Era

250 ВС-AD 200 the Parthian Era

~50 ВС - AD 250 the Roman Empire

200 ВС-AD 600 the Sasanian Empire

VI. WRITING SKILLS

Ex. 17. Make up sentences of your own using expressions from Ex. 5, 6. Provide similar historical context.

Ex. 18. Look back through the unit and make a list of words and expressions to do with:

1) writing and written material;

2) warfare;

3) dynastic relations.

Ex. 19. Write the definitions of five words from Ex. 5, 6 or 7 so that your groupmates could guess what the word is.

Ex. 20. Topics for essay writing:

1) The beginning of writing;

2) The domination of the Ancient Near East at different periods;

3) The most powerful cities of the Ancient Near East.

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