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Moscow during the Great Patriotic War of 1941 – 1945

At the end of September, the German Command launched a general offensive against Moscow. The German Command strove to encircle and smash the Soviet troops defending the capital and break into the city.

On October 19^th, the State Defense Committee declared a state of siege in the city and called on the people to help the Red Army. 120 000 volunteer divisions had been formed; 42 000 people joined the city’s anti-aircraft defense force and destroyer battalions. 500 000 inhabitants were putting up defenses. People were working hard at Moscow factories and everywhere else on the home front. More and more reserves were arriving in the capital from all the regions of the country.

November 1941 was a fateful period for Moscow. The fascists were standing at the approaches to the city. On November 7, 1941, despite the nearness of the front line, the traditional Red Army parade took place in Red Square. After the march-past, the troops started straight for the front line. In the middle of November, the enemy started a fresh offensive against Moscow. The Hitler clique realized that the battle of Moscow would decide its fate, the fate of German fascism. But the enemy effort to capture Moscow at all costs had failed. Thousands of Soviet people took part in its defense. Everybody knows about the heroism of the 316^th Rifle Division under I. Panfilov. The soldiers of these divisions showed heroism and self-sacrifice on a mass scale. It was manned by Russians, Ukrainians, and Kazakhs. Near Dubosekovo, Panfilov’s 28 heroic riflemen held their ground against 50 tanks. Most of them died a heroic death, but they had done their duty.

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