Why terms of construction of the NPP are tightened

In section 1.1. we already mentioned terms of construction of the NPP with capacity of 1000 MW - eight years and gas power station of the same capacity - two years. These terms correspond to the level of the building industry of the most advanced countries of the world. To the other countries such terms doe not work. For such countries real term of construction of the NPP anyway is not less than 12-15 years.

To tell the truth, one of very "competent" and awfully "patriotic" members of the Governmental Commission created with the purpose of definition of expediency of construction of the NPP in Belarus, the academician of National academy of sciences during session of the Commission has declared: "you underestimate opportunities of our people if we shall put pressure than for three years we shall construct!» Oh these experts! Whether because of them "Chernobyl" happens?

By the way, do you know, that reactor, which have blown up in Chernobyl, has been started up already for three months before term? Like and "economy" of time not so substantial, but in fact how many it was possible to check up, adjust, correct defects for these months. It is quite possible, that then also Chernobyl accident would not be!

And now we shall look, that think Belarus atomic lobbyists in this occasion. At calculation of technical and economic parameters of power stations authors of the “Program of development of atomic energy in Belarus” [7] for "substantiation" of advantages of the NPP above other stations have overestimated duration of construction of power stations on organic fuel: Steam-gas in 1,6 times, gas-black oil and coal – in 1,8 times, and for the NPP – on the contrary, have underestimated in 1,7 times.

Average time of construction of the NPP (111 months) can be determined proceeding from actual average duration of construction of the NPP in the countries – possible suppliers of reactors (USA – 144 months, Great Britain – 142 months, Germany – 95 months, Canada – 100 months, France – 95 months, the Russian Federation – 89 months). By this time according to item 10 of SNiP [11] it is necessary to add time (30 %) for construction of the enterprises of the building industry and objects of social sphere. From here, duration of construction will make 144 months or 12 years.

On the basis of statistical data of IAEA for already commissioned NPP terms of construction in the advanced states make 7-11 years, in less developed countries (Argentina, Brazil, India, Mexico, Romania) – 13-15 years [14,15].

You are not yet familiar with this combination of letters IAEA? Then we shall decipher it. It is – the International Agency on the Atomic Energy. The headquarter of this organization is in the capital of Austria, in the country which has no NPP. To tell the truth, the interesting moment? And so, this organization knows all atomic energy of the world. It is obviously interested in development of this area of power. And if it is necessary for them to recognize something, in it they can be trusted.

On December 31 1997 in a stage of construction there were 36 reactors. Many of them are included into the category of long-term construction. So, according to works [14,15] for the specified moment in Argentina the reactor with capacity 692 MW was under construction for 17 years, in Brazil (1245 MW) – for 22 years, in Czech Republic- 2 reactors with capacity on 1000 MW – 13 and 14 years, in Slovakia 4 reactors on 400 MW – 13-15 years, in France 1 reactor 1455 MW – 7 years, in India 4 reactors on 200 MW – 8-9 years, in Iran 2 reactors with capacity 915 and 1200 MW – 22 and 23 years, in Japan (250 MW) – 13 years, in Romania (650 MW) – 18 years, in Russia 2 reactors with capacity on 1000 MW – 13 years, in Ukraine 2 reactors with capacity on 1000 MW – 12 and 13 years. In the USA last reactor was under construction for 24,5 years (see IAEA Bulletin ([15], tab. 10). Many of the listed reactors are only registered as built; works on them actually are not conducted.

How IAEA estimated situation with construction of nuclear reactors in 1998? The answer to this question contains in tab. 2.

As we see, this time IAEA has dared to name only 26 built reactors. Three - already were under construction for more than 20 years, two – almost for 20 years, the less about 10 years, and on 16 - time for completion of construction is not established at all.

Thus, for 1998 average planned term of construction of 10 from 26 built reactors has made more than 16 years, and on the rest 16 reactors, even for IAEA, terms of planned end are not known. In the Program [7] atomic lobbyists of Belarus started with terms of construction of the NPP in 7 years. As we see, it is very far from real estimations.

By the way, it is necessary to pay attention that only biennial lag from terms of commissioning of the NPP, on the US data, increase capital expenses for 30 %, and at lag from the schedule for 3,5 years – on 50 % [6]. For Belarus, as though we "enforce", it is not less than 12-15 years. And this "makeweight" in 5-8 years, will increase cost of construction on 100 %, that is in two times.

Tab. 2

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