Vocabulary notes

social stigma - зд. общественное презрение

restitution - реституция, восстановление в правах,

возмещение убытков

probation - пробация (вид условного осуждения, при

котором осужденный находится на свободе,

но под надзором сотрудника службы проба-

ции)

probation officer - сотрудник службы пробации

suspended sentence - приговор, отсроченный в исполнении

breach of probation terms - нарушение сроков пробации

reparation - компенсация, возмещение

handicapped people - физически или умственно неполноценные

люди

Exercise 1. Answer the following questions:

1. What is fine?

2. What is the main disadvantage of imposing fine?

3. What is restitution?

4. What countries are victims of crimes of violence entitled to restitution from public funds?

5. What is probation?

6. What are the duties of probation officer?

7. If a criminal breaks the requirements of the order or commits another offence, can he be brought back before the court and punished for the original offence as well as for the late one?

8. What is suspended sentence?

9. What is the difference of passing suspended sentence in America and England?

10. What is reparation?

11. What form does it take in England?

12. Why is reparation less damaging to the offender and his family, and more useful to the community?

13. What idea are other alternatives to prison based on?

14. What is disqualification?

15. Why does imprisonment still remain the major instrument of punishment?

Exercise 2. Are these statements false or true? Correct the false sentences.

Translate the sentences into Russian:

1. The more affluent offender may receive favourable treatment from the court because he is able to pay restitution.

2. Victims of crimes of violence in some countries are not entitled to restitution from public funds, even if the offender isn’t detected or has no resources necessary to compensate him.

3. Even if the offender doesn’t comply with the probation order but commits no further offence while it is in force, no other penalty is imposed.

4. If the offender completes the hours of work ordered by the court, he receives no further penalty.

5. It appears that imprisonment doesn’t remain the major instrument of punishment any more.

Exercise 3. Put the words in the sentences in the right order and find unnecessary word and translate the sentences into Russian:

1. common fine the most the suspended avoids penalty many of sentence forms other of disadvantages;

2. jurisdiction reparation of gained is popular of the concept number of in a;

3. criminal can be back sentenced breaks the commits a if requirements offence another he brought court the before;

4. kind offender the the probation abilities work of according involved the and the the area varies season to of;

5. crimes some deprivation disqualification of of types of forms imposed be may condemned offender particular on;

Exercise 4. Match the words with their definitions:

Probation - the act or process of making amends

Restitution - a certain amount of money exacted as a penalty

reparation - a system of dealing with offenders by placing them under

the supervision of an officer of a court

suspended sentence - a sentence of imprisonment that is not served by an

offender unless he commits a further offence during

its currency

fine - the act of compensating for loss or injury

Exercise 5. Retell the text “Alternatives to Prison”.

Дата добавления: 2015-11-14