Understanding words

Refer back to the text and find synonyms for the following words.

1. thought up (1-12)..............................................

2. doing away with (1.30)...............................................

3. frequently used (/. 36)...............................................

4. transformed (/. 42)...........................................

5. characteristic (I. 50)...........................................

Now refer back to the text and find antonyms for the following words.

6. minor (/. 4).........................................

7. slowing down (I. 10).........................................

8. punched (I. 43).........................................

9. essential (/. 48).........................................

10. absence (I. 56).........................................

Word forms

First choose the appropriate form of the words to complete the sentences. Then check the differences of meaning in your dictionary.

1. representation, represent, representative, represented, representing

a. In the computer the letters of the alphabet are
......................................... in terms of 0s and Is.

b. The Morse Code is composed of dots and dashes
.......................................... the letters of the alphabet and numerals.

c. Each column of punched holes on a card.................................................

a letter, a number, or a special character.

d. The binary............................................. of the decimal number 10 is

1010.

2. recognition, recognize, recognized, recognizable

a. It is easy to............................................ a JCL card because it usually

precedes the program deck.

b. Hollerith cards are.............................................. by the cut right edge.

3. reference, refer, referred, referring, referrable

a. The edge of the punched cards are cut off so as to give the user a

......................................... point in placing the cards in the card

reader.

b. The person who punches cards is................................................. to as a

keypunch operator.

c. You should............................................. to the computer manual

whenever you have a problem.

4. elimination, eliminate, eliminating, eliminator

a. The programmer ran his program after.................................................. all

the bugs from it.

b. Storing programs and data on disks and magnetic tapes has
resulted in the.............................................. of cards and card readers.

c. My supervisor asked me to............................................... all the

unnecessary details from the program documentation.

5. interpretation, interpret, interpreted, interpreter

a. Each column of the punched card is read and

............................... individually with a combination of holes in

that column representing a specific character.

b. For the................................ of IBM assembly language you

should be familiar with the hexadecimal number system.

c. The printed characters on a card are there only to help the
computer user.............................. the card if necessary.

TIME SEQUENCE MARKER	INFORMATION
3.	IBM was founded which produced the necessary machines to meet Dr. Hollerith's needs
4.	Punched cards were one of the most frequently used devices for providing input data

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