Giving examples

Using examples to explain a point or to illustrate an idea is commonly used in texts when the primary objective is to teach the reader about some subject. It is thus important to differentiate between the idea or ideas presented, and the illustration of the idea, with examples.

Writers often say explicitly which things are examples by using the connectives in the table below.

for example	examples of	shown by
for instance	instances of	exemplifies
an example of this	cases of	shows
as an example	illustrations of	illustrates
that is	exemplified by	a second/third
such as	illustrated by	example etc.
like	seen in	namely

7b Content review

Use the information in the text to complete the table.

Control Unit	PARTS	FUNCTIONS
/.	selects
2.	holds
3.	breaks down
4.	produces
Arithmetic Logical Unit	1.	hold
2.	carries out
3.	and 1. 2. = another number 3.

Sample sentences with examples in italics:

1. The switches, like the cores, are capable of being in one of two possible states that is, on or off; magnetized or unmagnetized.

2. Computers have circuits for performing arithmetic operations such as: addition, subtraction, division, multiplication and exponentiation.

3. The computer can only decide three things, namely: Is one number less than another}, Are two numbers equal}, and Is one number greater than another}

4. Computers can process information at extremely rapid rates; for example, they can solve certain arithmetic problems millions of times faster than a skilled mathematician.

5. Using the very limited capabilities possessed by all computers, the task of producing a university payroll, for instance, can be done quite easily.

N.B. Sometimes the markers follow the examples, separated by commas.

Not all texts present examples explicitly, some exemplifications are given implicitly, in which case, the above markers are not used.

Example

Some of the most common methods of inputting information is to use punched cards, magnetic tape, disks and terminals. The computer's input device, which might be a card reader, a tape drive or disk drive, depending on the medium used, reads the information into the computer. For outputting information, two common devices used are a printer, which prints the new information on paper, or a CRT display screen, which shows the results on a T.V.-like screen.

Exercise 1

Using the example paragraph above, label the diagram.

Exercise 2

Fill in the missing information in the following text by referring to the

diagram in Exercise 1.

Input devices such as..............................,................................

............................... and................................. are used for reading

information into the computer............................... and

............................... are examples of output devices.

Exercise 3

Refer back to paragraph 3 and 4 of the text on 'Microcomputers' (Unit 8) to complete the table below.

------------ 1 PARA	MARKER	ILLUSTRATION OF IDEA	IDEA
[3]		robots
[4]			'a one shot deal'

Now refer back to paragraph 5 and 6 of the text on 'The Central Processing Unit' (Unit 9) to complete the table below.

PARA	MARKER	ILLUSTRATION OF IDEA	IDEA
[5]	namely		logical operations
[6]		disks or tapes

SECTION 5 Memory

UNIT 11

Дата добавления: 2015-11-14