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An ambitious project by a California company to install solar panels for more than 100,000 military housing units has been revived with private financing after it failed to receive a loan guarantee from the federal government. The company, Solar City, plans to announce Wednesday that Bank of America Merrill Lynch will lend it up to $350 million to put solar electric panels on roofs and other areas to power as many as 120,000 homes for military personnel over the next five years. Under the program, which would roughly double the number of homes with solar power if fully carried out, Solar City will install, operate and own the solar systems, said Lyndon Rive, the company’s chief executive. Customers will pay the company for the electricity they use, with any unused power feeding back to the military bases. The San Mateo, Calif., company had originally hoped to serve up to 160,000 homes with the help of a loan guarantee from the Obama administration. In early September the energy secretary, Steven Chu, announced preliminary approval of a guarantee that would have covered $275 million of a $344 million loan from Bank of America Merrill Lynch for the program, called Solar Strong. But the public uproar over the bankruptcy of Solyndra, a solar module maker that had received a $535 million loan guarantee from the same program, cast a pall over other companies’ applications even as the Energy Department was racing to evaluate them before the guarantee program expired on Sept. 30. Near the end of September, the Energy Department told Solar City it would not be able to approve the guarantee after all, having run out of time to finish the paperwork before the program’s deadline. At the time, Mr. Rive said that the scrutiny the program was under influenced the department’s decision. However, the financial profile of the rooftop solar program was still attractive to Bank of America Merrill Lynch. The bank is lending up to $350 million for the scaled-back program without the guarantee. Its backing comes as other banks and companies including Google have been financing distributed solar programs at Solar City and competitors like Sun Run and Sungevity that make rooftop solar systems affordable to homeowners. “It’s a huge leap forward for the distributed solar market because what we’ve done is create a financing model that can make distributed solar affordable on a huge scale without a guarantee from the federal government,” said Jonathan Plowe, a managing director at the bank. A year ago, he said, debt financing was available only for large-scale, utility-based projects that did not face the challenges of distributed solar programs, which are by nature fragmented and have to negotiate differing local regulations and procedures. But after Bank of America Merrill Lynch backed a distributed solar project by NRG and Prologis Inc. that did win a federal loan guarantee, it decided it had a process in place to handle the risks of proceeding without government backing, according to Mr. Plowe. He said the bank decided the Solar City project was a solid investment for several reasons: photovoltaic technology is proven, the diversity of installation sites reduces the risk of a failure everywhere at one time, the electricity is relatively easy to transmit, construction time is short and there are few negative environmental consequences. Solar developers can also take advantage of a 30 percent investment tax credit. Solar City executives declined to say how much of a return their investors could expect or to predict how many developers of military housing would sign up to buy the solar power.
1. The company, Solar City, plans to announce Wednesday that Bank of America Merrill Lynch will lend it up to $350 million to put ___________on roofs and other areas to power as many as 120,000 homes for military personnel.
a) solar electric panels
b) solar wires
c) cables
d) antennas
2. Under the program, which would roughly double the number of homes with ________ if fully carried out, Solar City will install, operate and own the solar systems.
a) solar system
b) solar power
c) solar electricity
d) solar frid
3. The San Mateo, Calif., company had originally hoped to serve up to 160,000 homes with the help of a ________ guarantee from the Obama administration.
a) debt
b) investment
c) loan
d) credit
4. But the public uproar over the bankruptcy of Solyndra, a _______ that had received a $535 million loan guarantee from the same program.
a) solar energy
b) solar constant
c) solar cell
d) solar module maker
5. However, the financial profile of the ________ solar program was still attractive to Bank of America Merrill Lynch.
a) roof
b) rooftop
c) platform
d) road
6. “It’s a huge leap forward for the distributed ________ because what we’ve done is create a financing model that can make distributed solar affordable on a huge scale without a guarantee from the federal government.
a) solar market
b) project
c) solar system
d) circuit
7. A year ago, he said, _______ financing was available only for large-scale, utility-based projects that did not face the challenges of distributed solar programs.
a) loan
b) credit
c) debt
d) investment
8. He said the bank decided the Solar City project was a solid investment for several reasons: _____________ is proven.
a) photovoltaic cell
b) solar noon
c) photovoltaic technology
d) solar equipment
9. The diversity of ___________ reduces the risk of a failure everywhere at one time, the electricity is relatively easy to transmit, construction time is short and there are few negative environmental consequences.
a) installation sites
b) instruments
c) cover plates
d) storage tank
10. Solar developers can also take advantage of a 30 percent investment _______.
a) payment
b) tax credit
c) tax
d) loan
3. Choose the correct translation of the following terms:
1. «ambient temperature»
a) температура навколишнього середовища
b) температура повітря
c) температура тіла
d) кімнатна температура
2. «advanced battery»
a) батарея
b) сонячна батарея
c) перспективна батарея
d) активуюча батарея
3. «degree day»
a) тепловий градусо-день
b) градусо-день
c) промисловий градусо-день
d) день
4. «current collector»
a) токовідвід
b) колектор потоку розряду
c) фототік
d) пульсуючий колектор
5. «electric circuit»
a) електричний заряд
b) електричний імпульс
c) схема електрообладнання
d) електрична схема
6. «thermal mass»
a) теплоємкість
b) електропровідність
c) електрична сітка
d) електрообігрівач
7. «load resistance»
a) опір
b) навантажувальний опір
c) активна загрузка
d) загрузка з тормозним опором
8. «heat sink»
a) тепловий обігрівач
b) теплоємкість
c) теплопровідність
d) тепловий колектор
9. «semiconductor»
a) кондуктор
b) провідник
c) теплопровід
d) напівпровідник
10. «photovoltaic panel»
a) сонячна панель
b) фотоелектрична панель
c) електрична панель
d) фото панель
4. Choose the correct translation of the following clusters:
1. «National Electrical Code»
a) національний електричний код
b) національний електротехнічний кодекс
c) електричний кодекс
d) електротехнічний кодекс
2. «battery blanket device»
a) чехол для батареї
b) компонент батареї
c) резервна батарея
d) упаковка батареї
3. «ground-coupled heat pump»
a) тепловий насос, використовує теплоту грунту
b) сонячний тепловий насос
c) тепловий насос, використовує теплоту землі
d) геотермальний тепловий насос
4. «active radiative cooling system»
a) охолоджувальна система
b) радіоактивна охолоджувальна система
c) активна радіаційна система
d) активна система радіаційного охолодження
5. «solar collector durability»
a) довговічність сонячного колектора
b) сонячний колектор з паралельним потоком
c) зносостійкість колектора
d) апертура колектора
6. «power density»
a) міцність
b) потужність
c) питома потужність
d) щільність
7. «shading coefficient»
a) коефіцієнт затемнення
b) коефіцієнт теплоутворення
c) коефіцієнт помилки короткого замикання
d) коефіцієнт ізоляції
8. «radiation-resistant solar cell»
a) сонячна радіація на горизонтальній поверхні
b) радіаційно-стійкий сонячний елемент
c) пряма сонячна радіація
d) коефіцієнт використання сонячної радіації
9. «south-facing photovoltaic array»
a) південна фотоелектрична установка
b) складний фотоелектричний каскад
c) фотоелектрична установка південної орієнтації
d) автономна фотоелектрична установка південної орієнтації
10. «Solar Energy Industries Association»
a) організація виробництва сонячних установок і обладнання
b) виробництво сонячних установок і обладнання
c) організація щодо виготовлення сонячного обладнання
d) асоціація виготовлення сонячного обладнання
5. Choose the appropriate model for the following terms:
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