Work with a dictionary

Ex. 1. Look at the dictionary entries for “work” and “job” from the Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English. What information about a word can you get

from the dictionary?

1) a job you are paid to do or an activity that you

WORK(n) do regularly to earn money

to be in work (to have or

to be out of work not have a job)

to look for work

to find work

to return to work (to start work again after

a long period of time)

2) a place where you do your job which is not

your home

to be at work

3) study or research, especially for a particular

purpose

postgraduate work

4) (C) something such as a book, play, painting or

piece of music produced by a writer, painter or

musician.

the Collected Works by Shakespeare

JOB (n) 1) (C) the regular paid work you do for an employer

to get/ to find a job

to take a job (accept a job that is offered to you)

to lose a job

to offer (somebody) a job

to apply for a job (try to get a job)

to leave a job

to change jobs (get a different job)

temporary job

permanent job

part-time job

full-time job

job satisfaction

2) (C) something that you have to do which involves making

an effort - odd jobs (small things that need to be done)

Ex.2. Read and translate the following list of

a) jobs which can be described as

full-time hard competitive well-paid

part-time boring interesting badly-paid

flexi-time demanding stressed temporary

overtime seasonal rewarding 9 to 5

b) job requirements:

1.a good qualification

2. a rich imagination

3.a good memory

4. a good sense of humour

5. creativity

6. a quick mind

7. tolerance

8. self-discipline

9. self-confidence

10.flexibility

c) the following word combinations

1.to have flexible working hours

2. to get the sack

3. to work nine-to-five

4. to make a living

5. to work flexi-time

6. to take early retirement

7. to get a promotion

8. to earn money

9. to do a job

10. to do research

11. to take time off

12. to take a break

Ex. 3. What is your idea of a good job? Decide if the following are important to you in a job or not important. Put the following factors in order of importance.

1) the number of hours you work a day

2) your promotion prospects

3) work which is useful to society

4) good working conditions

5) flexible hours

6) the people you wok with

7) friendly atmosphere

8) job security

9) the place where you work

10) the chance to travel

11) how nice the boss is

12) friendly colleagues

13) rewards

14) freedom and choice

15) the money

Ex. 4. Read the job characteristics and tick (v) the ones which are

important for you.

a) What’s important for you in a job?

You earn a lot of money.

You don’t have to wear a uniform.

Your work is interesting.

You can work flexible hours (you can start and finish when you like)

You can take regular breaks.

You have to work with the public.

You can be your own boss.

You can work close to home.

You don’t have to work on Saturdays or Sundays.

You have job security (you don’t have to worry you will lose your job).

b) Decide on the five most important characteristics of a job.

Continue the sentence: “For me, the most important things

in a job are …”

Ex. 5. Read these quotes about work and success. Are they interesting?

How do you understand them?

1. One machine can do the work of fifty ordinary men. No machine

can do the work of one extraordinary man.

Elbert Hubbard.

2. I like work. I can sit and look at it for hours.

Jerome K Jerome.

3. The important thing is not what others think of me but

I think of me.

4. Praise a fool and you may make him useful.

Old proverb

1. Actions speak louder than words.

Proverb.

6. Have no fear of perfection – you’ll never reach it.

Salvadore Dali.

7. Start by doing what’s necessary, then what’s possible, and

suddenly you are doing the impossible.

Saint Francis of Assisi

8. The man who makes no mistakes does not usually make anything.

Edward John Phelps.

Ex. 6. Read the statements about work customs in the USA.

Check (v) the statements which are true to your country and

put (?) next to any you don’t agree with or you are not sure they

are true.

Your country

1. Typical working hours are 9 to 5. ……………..

2. If we work in an office we wear neat clothes, …………….

and men ware a suit and a tie. …………….

3. We have an hour for meal breaks. …………….

4. Most people expect to work late sometimes. ……………..

5. We usually have two to three weeks vacation …………….

a year.

6. Men usually retire at 65 and women at 60. ……………

7. We get paid at the beginning and in the middle

of the month. …………….

8. Some people get perks, such as a company car

or a retirement plan. ……………

9. Some people get bonuses. ……………

10. Women have the same opportunities as men. …………….

11. Most people change their jobs several times

working lives. ……………..

12. Co-workers are often friends. …………….

13. We often use personal connections to get work

for relatives. ……………..

READING Text 2.

Vocabulary.

1. choose (v) ……………………………………………………………..…

choice(n) ……………………………………………………………….

2. stay (v)…………………………………………………………………….

3. depend on (v) ………………………………………………………….

dependence (n)…………………………………………………………

4. circumstance (n)……………………………………………………………

5. motivate (v) …………………………………………………………….….

motivation (n)…………………………………………………..……..

6. flexible (adj.) ……………………………………………………….……

flexibility (n) ……………………………………………………………

7. environment (n) ………………………………………………………..….

8. advance (n) ………………………………………………………………..

advancement (n) …………………………………………………………

9. person (n) …………………………………………………………….…...

personal (adj.) ……………………………………………………...

personality (n) ……………………………………………………...

10. benefit (n) ………………………………………………………………...…

11. survey (n) ……………………………………………………………….…..

12. create (v) ……………………………………………………………….…...

creativity (n) ………………………………………………………………

13. opportunities (n) …………………………………………………………….

14. community (n) …………………………………………………………..….

15. assign (v) …………………………………………………………………….

assignment (n) ……………………………………………………………

16. praise (v) ……………………………………………………………………..

17. appreciate (v) …………………………………………………………….….

18. effort (n) ……………………………………………………………………..

19. quality (n) ……………………………………………………………………

20. thrive (v) …………………………………………………………………….

Ex. 1. Read and translate the following word combinations.

1. life circumstances

2. personal motivations

3. job satisfaction

4. work environment

5. work-life balance

6. advancement opportunity

7. personal growth

8. new challenging assignments

9. a sense of community

10. high standards of quality

WORK WITH A DICTIONARY.

Read the dictionary entries for the following words. What information about a word can you get?

1. current n (C) 1.a continuous movement of water in a particular direction

the sea or un a river.

2. a flow of electricity through a wire

2.current (adj.) happening or existing now but not expected to last

(only before noun) for a long time.

3. challenge (n) 1. something difficult (C,U) something that tests

strength, skills or ability in a way that is interesting

2 .questioning of rightness (C) - a refusal to accept

that something is right and legal.

3. invitation to compete - a suggestion to some-

one that they should try to defeat you in a fight or game.

4. a demand to stop (C) - a demand from someone

as a guard to stop and give proof of who you are.

4. challenge (V) 1. to refuse to accept that something is right or legal

2. to invite someone to compete or fight against you

3. to test the skills or abilities of someone or something.

4. to stop someone and demand proof of who they are

and an explanation of what they are doing.

5. challenging (adj.) difficult in an interesting or enjoyable way

6. community (N) 1. Br.E all the people who live in the same area, town.

2. particular group of people, e.g. sense of community-

the feeling that you belong to a group of people

because you live in the same area.

3. a group of people who share the same nationality or

religion or who are similar in another way.

4. the community - society and people in it.

5. a group of plants or animals that live in the same

environment.

PRE READING. Discuss the question.

“ Why do you think most people stay in their jobs?”

1. Decide on the most important reasons. Continue the sentence:

“ People stay in their jobs because…1)

2)

3)

4)

5)

2. Read the text and compare your answer with the information given

in the following text.

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