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The Formation of the Passive Voice

A future action in progress in adverbial clauses of time and condition | The Formation of the Present Perfect | The Formation of the Present Perfect Continuous | The Formation of the Past Indefinite | A repeated action in the past | The Formation of the Past Continuous | The Use of the Past Perfect Continuous | The Formation of the Future Indefinite | A prediction based on our opinion or past experience | An action which begins before a definite moment in the future, will continue up to that moment and will still be in progress at that moment |


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1. We form the Passive Voice by means of the auxiliary verb TO BE in the required tense form and Participle II of the main verb.

TO BE + PARTICIPLE II (Ved/V3)

E.g. The book has been published already.

2. In negative sentences we place the negative particle NOT after the auxiliary verb TO BE or its first part.

E.g. The book has not been published yet.

3. In interrogative sentences (questions) we place the auxiliary verb TO BE or its first part before the subject.

E.g. Has the book been published yet?

4. In negative - interrogative sentences (negative questions) we place the auxiliary verb TO BE or its first part before the subject and the negative particle NOT after the subject. In informal English we place short negative forms before the subject.

E.g. Has the book not been published yet?

Hasn’t the book been published yet?

Why hasn’t the book been published yet?

 

Table. The Formation of the Passive Voice

  INDEFINITE CONTINUOUS PERFECT
PRESENT AM IS + Ved/V3 ARE AM IS BEING + Ved/V3 ARE HAVE BEEN + Ved/V3 HAS
PAST WAS + Ved/V3 WERE WAS BEING + Ved/V3 WERE HAD BEEN + Ved/V3
FUTURE WILL BE + Ved/V3   WILL HAVE BEEN + Ved/V3
FUTURE in the PAST WOULD BE + Ved/V3   WOULD HAVE BEEN + Ved/V3

 

THE TENSES WHICH DO NOT HAVE PASSIVE FORMS

 

· The Future Continuous

· The Future Continuous in the Past

· The Present Perfect Continuous

· The Past Perfect Continuous

· The Future Perfect Continuous

· The Future Perfect Continuous in the Past

*The Future Continuous Active and the Future Continuous in the Past Active can be replaced by the Future Indefinite and the Future Indefinite in the Past Passive.

*The Present, Past, Future and Future Perfect Continuous in the Past Active can be replaced by the Present, Past, Future and Future Perfect in the Past Passive.

E.g. They will be discussing the film at 5 tomorrow. – The film will be discussed at 5 tomorrow.

He said they would be discussing the film at 5 next day. – He said the film would be discussed at 5 next day.

They have been discussing the film for an hour. – The film has been discussed for an hour.

They had been discussing the film for an hour when we came. – The film had been discussed for an hour when we came.

They will have been discussing the film for an hour when we come. – The film will have been discussed for an hour when we come.

He said they would have been discussing the film for an hour when we came. – He said the film would have been discussed for an hour when we came.

 

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