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[time interval, min]
Relative composition [%]
Glu Xyl Man Ara Gal
CB Conventional batch 84.6 8.5 6.4 0.5 0
CLF-early Continuous liquor flow 70–130 86.4 7.1 5.9 0.4 0.2
CLF-late Continuous liquor flow 90–150 85.6 7.4 6.2 0.5 0.3
CLF-ref Continuous liquor flow no addition 87.8 6.1 5.7 0.2 0.2
a) Xylan concentration 3.5 g L–1.
There appears to be no significant difference in the observed xylan content between
the series of early (CLF-early) and late xylan addition (CLF-late), the latter
simulating a conventional batch cooking system. As expected, the xylose content
is highest in pulps from the conventional batch cooks, and lowest in pulps from
the continuous liquor flow cooks without xylan addition (CB and CLF-ref). Pulps
from pilot plant trials using a Lodgepole pine/spruce mixture as raw material
indicate that the xylan content of a rapid displacement heating (RDH) pulp with a
kappa number of 26.7 is slightly lower (7.9% on unbleached pulp) as compared to
a pulp from a conventional batch cook with a kappa number 33.5 (8.6% on
unbleached pulp) [60].
Cellulose degradation was monitored during both conventional kraft and modified
continuous kraft (MCC) pulping of Pinus radiata using gel permeation chromatography
(GPC) measurement of isolated holocellulose fractions [61]. The molecular
mass of the cellulose fraction was determined by assuming that all the cellulose
molecules eluted until a certain elution volume was reached. The results
suggest that, in both the conventional and modified processes, cellulose degradation
takes place only at pulp yields lower than 75%. From this result it can be concluded
that cellulose degradation becomes apparent only after initial delignification
has completed.
The extent of cellulose chain scissions during bulk and residual delignification
is thus more pronounced for conventional kraft pulping as compared to MCC
pulping (Fig. 4.56).
The results are in line with the experience from practice that MCC pulping is more
selective with respect to cellulose degradation than conventional kraft pulping.
4.2 Kraft Pulping Processes 255
40 60 80 100
Conventional Kraft MCC Kraft
DP
W
Pulp Yield [%]
Fig. 4.56 Degree of polymerization (DPw) of
the cellulose fraction from conventional kraft
and MCC pulps (according to [61]). Holocellulose
was isolated according to the method of
Holmes and Kurth [62]from the pulps prior to
GPC measurement. The weight average molecular
weight was determined from the tricarbanilate,
considering only the high molecularweight
peak and assuming that no cellulose is
eluted with the second peak at the higher elution
volume.
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