The Climate of Great Britain

Great Britain is situated on islands. It is washed by seas from all sides. That's why the climate and the nature of Great Britain is very specific. The popular belief that it rains all the time in Britain is simply not true. In fact, London gets no more rain in a year than most other major European cities. Generally speaking, the further west you go, the more rain you get. The mild winters mean that snow is a regular feature of the higher areas only. The winters are in general a bit colder in the east of the country than they are in the west. While in summer, the south is slightly warmer and sunnier than the north. Besides Britain is famous for I fogs. Sometimes fogs are so thick that it is impossible to see anything within 2 or 3 metres.

Why has Britain's climate got such bad reputation? Maybe it is for the same reason that British people always seem to be talking about the weather. There is a saying that Britain doesn't have a climate, it only has weather. You can never be sure of a fry day, though it may not rain very much altogether. There can be cool and even cold days in July and some quite warm days in January.

The weather changes very often. Mark Twain said about America: "If you like the weather in New England, just wait a few minutes" but it is more likely to have been said about England. The lack of extremes is the reason why on the few occasions when it gets genuinely hot or freezing cold, the country seems to be totally unprepared for it. A bit of snow, a few days of frost and the trains stop. working and the roads are blocked. If the thermometer goes above 2ГС, people behave as if they were in Sahara and the temperature makes front-page headlines. These things happen so seldom that it is not worth organizing life to be ready for them. Everyone who comes to Great Britain says that it looks like one great beautiful park. The British people love their country and take care of it.

Questions:

1. Why is the climate and the nature of Great Britain very specific?
2. What is Britain famous for?
3. Why has Britain's climate got such a bad reputation?
4. The weather in Britain is very changeable, isn't it?
5. Does it rain often?

Надання граматичного матеріалу

“The Gerund”

Утворення: інфінітив без to + - ing

Герундій має якості дієслова і іменника

Риси іменника:

1)може мати означення, яке виражене присвійним займенником

I like his singing

2) Може вживатися з прийменником:
On coming home he saw his friends. He knew of my studying in the college.

Риси дієслова:

1)Може вживатися з обставиною яка виражена наріччям.

I like his reading well.

2) Має після себе пряме доповнення.

I like reading books

3) Має форму active і passive Voice

active Voice Passive Voice

writing Being written

Функції:

1)Підмета: Smoking harmful

2)Прямого доповнення: I like singing

3)Частини зіставною дієслівного присудка:His favourite sport is boxing

4)Обставини: On coming home he saw his friends

5)Означення: We were waiting for his coming home

6)доповнення: He knew of my studying in the technical school.

Завдання 1 Перекладіть речення

1) I like reading English books

2) We know of her coming to Moscow

3) He continued studying English

4) He likes translating English stories into Russian

5) After finishing the translation the students handed their copy – books to the teachers.

Завдання 2 Розкрийте дужки,вживаючи герундій

Why do you avoid (to speak) to me?

The doctor insisted on (to send) the sick man to hospital.

He showed no sign of (to recognize) me.

He had a strange habit of (to inter­fere) in other people's business.

He is good at (to- repair) cars..

On (to allow) to leave the room, the children immediately ran out into the yard and began (to play).

In (to make) this experiment, they came across some very interesting pheno­mena.

The watch requires (to repair)

Тема 1.8 London. Much, many, little, a few, a little

Фонетична зарядка

Прочитайте скоромовку

Federal Express is now called FedEx.

When I retire I'll be a FedEx ex.

But if I'm an officer when I retire, I'll be an ex Fedex Exec.

Then after a divorce, my ex-wife will be an ex FedEx exec's ex.

If I rejoin FedEx in time, I'd be an ex ex FedEx exec.

When we remarry, my wife will be an ex ex FedEx exec's ex.

Надання лексичного матеріалу

Vocabulary:

tower - вежа
tomb - могила
battle - битва
in conclusion - в заключенні

Additional words on topic:

Trafalgar Square – Трафальгарська площа
the Houses of Parliament – будівля парламенту
Westminster Abbey – Вестмінстерське абатство
chapel – церква
manuscript – рукопис
St. Paul’s Cathedral – Собор св. Павла
Sir Christopher Wren – Кристофер Рен
masterpiece – шедевр
the Great Fire – Велика пожежа
Hyde Park – Гайд-парк

Читання тексту

London

London is the capital of Great Britain, its political, economic and cultural centre. It's one of the largest cities in the world. Its population is more than million people. London is situated on the river Thames. The city is very old and beautiful. It was founded more than two thousand years ago. Traditionally London is divided into several parts: the City, the West End, the East End and Westminster. The City is the oldest part of London, its financial and business centre. The heart of the City is the Stock Exchange. Westminster is the most important part of the capital. It's the administrative centre. The Houses of Parliament, the seat of the British Government, are there. It's a very beautiful building with two towers and a very big clock called Big Ben. Big Ben is really the bell which strikes every quarter of an hour. Opposite the Houses of Parliament is Westminster Abbey. It's a very beautiful church built over 900 years ago. The tombs of many great statesmen, scientists and writers are there.

To the west of Westminster is West End. Here we find most of the big shops, hotels, museums, art galleries, theatres and concert halls. Picadilly Circus is the heart of London's West End. In the West End there are wide streets with beautiful houses and many parks, gardens and squares. To the east of Westminster is the East End, an industrial district of the capital. There are no parks or gardens in the East End and you can't see many fine houses there. Most of the plants and factories are situated there. London has many places of interest. One of them is Buckingham Palace. It's the residence of the Queen. The English are proud of Trafalgar Square, which was named so in memory of the victory at the battle. There in 1805 the English fleet defeated the fleet of France and Spain. The last place of interest I should like to mention, is the British Museum, the biggest museum in London. The museum is famous for its library -one of the richest in the world.

All London's long-past history is told by its streets. There are many streets in London which are known all over the" world. Among them Oxford Street, Downing Street and a lot of others can be mentioned. And tourists are usually attracted not only by the places of interest but by the streets too. In conclusion I should say if you are lucky enough to find yourself in London some day you will have a lot to see and enjoy there.

Questions:

1. When was London founded?
2. Into which parts is London divided?
3. What is the heart of the City?
4. Do you know any places of interest in London?
5. All London's history is told by its streets, isn't it?

Надання граматичного матеріалу

much, many (багато) little, few (мало)

Вживаються:

а) much, little – із не обчислювальними (неисчесляемыми) іменниками (які мають тільки однину)

I have much bread

He has) little free time

б) many, few –із обчислювальними іменниками

I have many English books

He knows few English word

a little (не багато)

Із не обчислювальними іменниками

Give me a little bread, pleas.

a few (декілька)

з обчислювальними

I saw a few students in the room

Much, little, a little можуть виконувати функцію прислівника (наречия)

He works much – Він багато працює

He reads little-Він мало читає

He was a little late-Він трохи запізнився

A few, a little –мають позитивні значення

Тhe student has a few English book-У цього

студента є декілька англійських книг

Few, little –негативні значення

The student has few English books – У цього студента мало англійських книг

Завдання 1 Вставте much, many, little, few, a little или a few.

1. When we walked... farther down the road, we met another group of students. 2. Have you got... money on you? — I'm sorry. I have very... money at the moment. 3. At the conference we met... peo­ple whom we knew well. 4. There are very... old houses left in our street. Most of them have already been pulled down. 5. If you have... spare time, look through this book. You will find... stories there which are rather interesting. 6. There are... things here which I cannot understand. 7. Shall I bring... more chalk? — No, thank you. There is... chalk on the desk. I hope that will be enough for our lesson. 8. He had... English books at home, so he had to go to the library for more books. 9. She gave him... water to wash his hands and face. 10. I'd like to say... words about my journey. 11. After the play ev­erybody felt... tired. 12. Let's stay here... longer: it is such a nice place. 13. There were... new words in the text, and Peter spent... time learning them. 14. There was... hay in the barn, and the children could not play there. 15. My friend isn't going to the concert this evening because he has got... work to do. 16. My mother knows German... and she can help you with the translation of this letter. 17. He's got very... time left. If he doesn't hurry up, he'll miss the planе

Тема 1.9 Holidays in Great Britain. The Verbal Noun

Фонетична зарядка

Прочитайте скоромовку

I thought a thought. But the thought I thought wasn't the thought I thought I thought.

If the thought I thought I thought had been the thought I thought,

I wouldn't have thought so much.

Надання лексичного матеріалу

Vocabulary:

1. public holidays – державні свята
2. ignore completely [ɪg'nɔː] – повністю ігнорувати
3. arranged - влаштований
4. exchange - обмінятися
5. affection –любов, симпатія
6. Lent - Великий піст
7. townsfolk – мешканці міста
8. flock – збиратися натовпом, йти натовпом
9. Christmas Day - Різдво
10. tinsel ['tɪn(t)s(ə)l] - бльостки
11. bunch of mistletoe ['mɪsltəu] - гілка омели
12. stuff - начиняти

Читання тексту

Дата добавления: 2015-10-16