Examination Card №14

I. Reading
Public and private schools get money from tuition and from private contributors. However, public schools are also supported by the state in which they're located.

Schools can also be grouped by the types of programmes and degrees they offer. The three major groups are community colleges, 4-year colleges, and universities. Community colleges offer training in many areas, such as health occupations, office skills, computer science, police work, and automotive repair.

A university offers a wider range of undergraduate programmes plus graduate studies in the humanities, languages, mathematics, social sciences, and sciences. Many undergraduate institutions that are not called colleges also provide higher education in one specific occupation. For example, conservatories - for music students, seminaries for students of religion, and fine arts schools for artists.

II. Writing
From: Ilona
To: Maria
Subject: Literary Club Meeting

Dear Maria,
This is to inform you that the meeting of the school Literary Club is on Wednesday, 20th April, Room 32. The meeting starts at 3 pm. You have to prepare the information about one of the modern English or American writers.
See you soon.
Yours,
Ilona

III. Speaking
My favourite holiday is Christmas. It is first and foremost a family holiday the world over. Many Ukrainian family units keep Christmas traditions alive.

Sviata Vecheria, or Holy Supper, is the main Christmas tradition in Ukrainian homes. The dinner table sometimes has a few wisps of hay on the embroidered tablecloth. Many Canadian and American families wear their Ukrainian embroidered shirts on this occasion, too. When the Ukrainians see the first Star in the eastern evening sky, Sviata Vecheria begins.

People who live in the villages keep such an old tradition: the head of the family brings in a sheaf of wheat called 'the didukh'. It symbolizes the family's ancestors and represents the importance of the ancient and rich wheat crops of Ukraine. People who live in the big cities put a few stalks of golden wheat in a vase to decorate the table. The family gather round a table, light candles and eat a ritual spoonful of kutia. Every Ukrainian hostess prepares it exclusively the way her mother and grandmother taught her. People usually lay the table with 12 meatless dishes.

At the end of Sviata Vecheria the family often sing koliadkas, Ukrainian Christmas carols. In many communities the groups of young people go from house to house, sing koliadkas and collect donations.

Дата добавления: 2015-10-21