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1. Evidence usually consists of testimony, but it may include documents, objects, pictures, etc.
2. Persons who have knowledge of the facts in a case may be ordered by subpoena to appear in court as witnesses and to give testimony.
3. Most trials are concluded with judgment by the trial court. However, a judgment may ordinarily be appealed to a higher court. The higher court will either affirm or (if there was a serious error of law in the trial) reverse the decision or send the case back to the court from which it came to have further action taken on it there.
3.Установите соответствие преступников с определениями правонарушений:
Match the name of a criminal with the suitable definition of the offence:
n. murders for political reasons or a reward
o. illegally sets fire to someone's house or property
p. someone who steals
q. steals from shops while acting as an ordinary customer
r. steals money or things by force from people or places
s. steals things from people's pockets
t. takes away. people by force and demands money for their return
u. takes control of a plane by force and makes the pilot change course
v. uses violence for political reasons
1. a burglar
2. a drug dealer
3. a forger
4. a gangster
5. a hijacker
6. a hooligan
7. a kidnapper
8. a mugger
9. a pickpocket
10. a murderer
11. a robber
12. a shop-lifter
13. a smuggler
14. a spy
15. a terrorist
16. a thief
17. a traitor
18. a vandal
19. an accomplice
20. an arsonist
21. an assassin
22. an offender
Установите соответствия
Match the following:
q. violation by minors of criminal and other laws
r. intentional causing of bodily harm
s. making or materially altering any writing, with intent to defraud
t. serious crime punishable by death or imprisonment
for more than one year
u. obtaining property by lying
v. obtaining property wrongfully by force or fear
w. agreement to commit a crime
x. offering, giving, or receiving money to influence official action
1. arson
2. bribery
3. burglary
4. conspiracy
5. crime
6. assault
7. battery
8. extortion
9. false pretenses
10. felony
11. forgery
12. immunity
13. juvenile delinquency
14. larceny
15. misdemeanor
16. pardon
17. parole
18. perjury
19. probation
20. punishment
21. receiving stolen property
22. robbery
23. victimless crimes
24. white-collar crimes
Задайте вопросы к предложениям, переведите их
1. Generally what would be criminal conduct for an adult is juvenile delinquency for a minor, with lighter penalties and an emphasis on reform and rehabilitation.
2. Anyone accused of committing a crime has certain constitutional rights including (a) no arrest without probable cause, (b) equal protection of the law, (c) due process, and (d) a speedy, public, fair trial.
3. Crimes are punished by fine, imprisonment, or both. Probation and parole are mild punishments because the criminals remain at liberty, subject to limited restraints on their actions.
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