УРОК 15

1. Страдательный залог Passive Voice

Страдательный залог образуется при помощи соответствующей временной формы глагола to be + 3-я форма смыслового глагола.

Present Indefinite	I am known	we are known
you are known	you are known
he is known she is known it is known	they are known
Past Indefinite	I was known	we were known
you were known	you were known
he was known she was known it was known	they were known
Future Indefinite	I will be known	we will be known
you will be known	you will be known
he will be known she will be known it will be known	they will be known
Present Perfect	I have been known	we have been known
you have been known	you have been known
he has been known she has been known it has been known	they have been known

Существительное, играющее роль дополнения в предложении действительного залога, в предложении страдательного залога становится подлежащим.

My teacher corrects my lessons every day.

My lessons are corrected by my teacher every day.

My teacher corrects my homework everyday.

My homework is corrected by my teacher every day.

Обычно в предложениях страдательного залога указывается лицо, производящее действие. Но иногда, когда это лицо неизвестно или не имеет значения, оно не указывается.

This house was built last year.

Our mail is always delivered in the morning.

2. Строение утвердительных,
вопросительных и отрицательных
предложений

Отрицательная форма страдательного залога образуется при помощи частицы not, следующей непосредственно за вспомогательным глаголом или его первой частью.

При образовании вопросительного предложения вспомогательный глагол (или его первая часть) стоит перед подлежащим.

	The criminal	has been	caught.
Has	the criminal	been	caught?
	The criminal	has not been	caught.
Hasn't	the criminal	been	caught?

	The mail	is	delivered by Tom.
Is	the mail		delivered by Tom?
	The mail	isn't	delivered by Tom.
Isn't	the mail		delivered by Tom?

3. Употребление слов always, already и yet в предложениях страдательного залога

В предложениях страдательного залога слова always, already и yet стоят после вспомогательного глагола или его первой части.

	The work	is	always	done in time.
Is	the work		always	done in time?
	The work	isn't	always	done in time.
Isn't	the work		always	done in time?

	The letter	has	already	been	sent.
Has	the letter			been	sent	yet?
	The letter	hasn't		been	sent	yet.
Hasn't	the letter			been	sent	yet?

TEXT 1

1) ¾ How old are you? ¾ I am nineteen. I was born in 1983.

2) ¾ Where is the restaurant situated? ¾ The restaurant is situated fore

3) ¾ When was Odessa founded? ¾ Odessa was founded in 1794.

4) ¾ Are you single? ¾ No, I'm not. I am married.

5) ¾ Is she married? ¾ No, she isn't. She is divorced.

6) ¾ Have you already seen this film? ¾ Yes, I have. It has already been shown.

7) ¾ How old is your ship? ¾ Our ship was launched in 1990.

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