Control.

The behaviour and the attitude of the teacher is perhaps the single most important factor in a classroom, and thus can have a major effect on discipline. So, if a teacher want to avoid problems with his student (class) he should probably not do:

1) Don’t give boring classes. It seems true that perhaps the greatest single cause of indiscipline is boredom. Interested students do not misbehave in the same way.

2) Don’t be unfair. Teachers cannot allow themselves to be unfair, either to the class or as a whole or to individuals. Teachers should always try to avoid having favourites or picking on particular individuals.

3) Don’t be inconsistent. If the teacher allows students to come to class late without taking action one week they cannot be reproached for doing the same thing again the week after. Teacher have to be consistent, in other words, about what the code of conduct is otherwise the students will lose respect for it.

4) Don’t issue threats. Teachers who threaten students with terrible punishments and they do not carry them out are doing both the class and themselves a disservice. Hopefully threats are not necessary, but it is absolutely fatal to say that some action is going to be taking if it is not.

5) Don’t go to the class unprepared. Students automatically identify teachers who are not sure what to do in the classroom. Particularly for those classes that might cause trouble, the teacher has to appear to be well prepared and knowledgeable about the subject.

6) Don’t have negative attitude to learning. A teacher who does not really care and who is insensitive to the student’s reactions to what is happening in the classroom will lose the respect of the students – the first step to problems of disruptive behaviour.

13. As the mayor of a city you are concerned about the issues of waste disposal. How do you propose to deal with it?
The increasing amount of waste being produced around the world is a serious problem and a major threat to the environment. Animals are losing their homes to make room for landfills, and disease-ridden vermin like rats are moving in. Trash incinerators emit carbon dioxide, adding to the already critical buildup of greenhouse gases and exacerbating global warming. We’re polluting water sources and wild environments with our careless litter, making once natural habitats hostile for our precious wildlife. This is only part of the problem. Basically, it comes down to this: we’re producing more garbage than the Earth can handle, and we’re running out of places to put it.
New products and technologies contain more man-made components, like synthetic fabrics, other plastics, and metals. These can take thousands of years to break down, unlike the organic waste of our ancestors, which took months or at most a couple years. To add to this, we’re producing these slow-decomposing materials at a much faster rate than the environment can handle. Large quantities of these materials just lengthen the decomposing process.
Another issue is electronic waste (or e-waste), which includes computers, TVs, cell phones – all items that can be hazardous to the environment if not properly disposed of. Despite restrictions on e-waste in landfills, some still finds its way to the city dump, which can add toxic chemicals to the earth and groundwater.
We can cut the garbage that ends up in landfills by recycling more, reusing what can be reused, and properly disposing of hazardous waste and e-waste. Instead of trashing food scraps, start a composting pile in your yard or at school, and use the nutrient-rich soil to plant a garden. Use eco-friendly products, like reusable water bottles, rechargeable batteries, and reusable shopping bags. Instead of throwing away or recycling an old glass jar, clean it and use it to store something. These little acts can add up to a big difference.
We don’t have to live like this forever, though. There are a variety of ways we can reduce the amount of waste we create. We can cut the garbage that ends up in landfills by recycling more, reusing what can be reused, and properly disposing of hazardous waste and e-waste. Instead of trashing food scraps, start a composting pile in your yard or at school, and use the nutrient-rich soil to plant a garden. Use eco-friendly products, like reusable water bottles, rechargeable batteries, and reusable shopping bags. Instead of throwing away or recycling an old glass jar, clean it and use it to store something. These little acts can add up to a big difference.

14.Recently you have joined the Green Party. You are asked to devise a plan for reducing air pollution. What issues would you like to highlight? Comment on each of them.

Different Ways To Prevent Air Pollution

The fact is that human activities contribute the most to any type of pollution. There are certain ways that one can follow for reducing emission of air pollutants in the atmosphere. For clear understanding, refer to the following tips for preventing air pollution.

Car Pool: Forming and implementing a car pool will reduce the number of cars, thereby, preventing air pollution by cutting down the use of fossil fuels. This way, it will help in the sustainable use of fossil fuel and its conservation for the future generations.

Vehicle Care: Timely servicing of the car helps to keep it in a good condition, and also minimizes fuel exhaust. Driving the car at an average speed and turning off in traffic are the thumb rules to save fuel. Make sure to use unleaded petrol and opt for regular pollution checking of your car.

Public Transport: Whenever possible, try to travel by public transports. This helps in two ways; prevents air pollution and increases public income. If you are going to a nearby place, go by walking or use a bicycle, instead of using your vehicle. The objective is to minimize the use of fuels as far as possible.

Alternative Energy Source: Another effective way to prevent air pollution is to use alternative energy sources such as solar energy, hydroelectric energy, and wind energy. Nowadays, sophisticated technologies such as wind turbine, solar water heaters are introduced to generate electricity and other energy forms for household uses.

Saving Energy: Saving energy will, of course, help to prevent air pollution. Switch off the lights, fans, air conditioners, televisions, and other appliances, when not in use. You can also share a room with others when the air conditioner or fan is on, instead of switching them on in every room.

Minimize Air Pollutants: Always try to minimize smoke emission, as it contributes a lot to air pollution. One way is to compost dried leaves and kitchen waste, instead of burning them. Composting will also give you organic fertilizer for your garden. Other tips include replacing old wood stoves or gas furnaces, avoiding solvents, and most importantly, do not smoke in the home.

Recyclable Materials: Recycling is a simple approach to reduce pollution in two ways; save energy which is required for disposing and minimize the pollutants released during manufacturing. The list of recyclable materials include plastic bottles, aluminum cans and utensils, paper, craft papers, cardboard, corrugated boxes, and glass bottles.

Smart Purchasing: Remember to carry paper bags and minimize using plastic bags. While buying the products, always choose air-friendly and recyclable products that will minimize the emission of pollutants. Also, shop for only energy- efficient appliances that use less packaging. Lastly, buy rechargeable batteries for frequently used devices.

Social awareness about air pollution is the most essential step to be taken for the prevention of air pollution. Awareness programs and/or advertisements should be encouraged, so that people understand the potential health hazards of pollution. Improvement of transport facilities and proper use of land for the sake of social benefits are equally important for controlling air pollution

As a ranger in a national park you are concerned about the alarming state of the forests and of wildlife. Tell what you think might be causing the problems and how they could be solved. —-

Industrialization has brought us into conflict with the natural environment. Our planet is in danger; air, water and land pollution have disastrous consequences which threaten human life on Earth.

I strongly feel that the more money is invested in ecology projects, the better our lives are going to be. People have technologies to make our planet cleaner: we can control pollution, recycle waste materials, protect rare animals and plants and install antipollution equipment. We need more disaster-prevention programs in order to control environmental pollution, fight the destruction of wildlife and preserve woodlands. There should be more organizations like Greenpeace that will help protect the animal world and stop environmental degradation. Such organizations influence public opinion and help form a correct attitude to nature. There should be more newspaper articles, TV-programs and science-popular films about ecological problems. They help people become environment-educated. If we want to breathe fresh air, to drink clean water and to eat healthy food, we must stop polluting the environment. In my opinion, much can be done by an average citizen. People have to be smart about such things as driving a car or using electricity. Whenever we drive a car, we are adding greenhouse gases to the atmosphere. We can use public transport, ride a bike, or walk. We can use less washing up liquids to keep the water clean. We can also plant trees, collect litter and recycle cans, bottles, plastic bags and newspapers. Recycling is an important issue nowadays. Paper, glass and plastic can be sold to recycling companies. Recycled waste can be made into new products and it can help save natural resources. Unfortunately, forests continue disappearing. Some people say that we need more land for agriculture and more trees for timber. They continue killing animals and picking up herbs and rare flowers. I think that governments must work together with environmentalists to fight deforestation and to prevent the disappearance of "the lungs of our planet".

To conclude, ecological problems concern everybody and there are ways to solve them. If we want to be healthy, to drink clean water and to breathe fresh air, we should take care of the environment and help improve our lives on Earth.

Дата добавления: 2015-08-03