The capital

Kiev (or Kyiv) is the capital and the largest city of Ukraine, located in the north central part of the country on the Dnieper River. The name Kiev is derived from the name of Kiy, one of four legendary founders of the city.

By the ancient legend Kiev was founded by three brothers Kiy, Schek, Khoriv and their sister Lybid. They were surprised by the beauty of Dnieper’s hills, stopped to settle here and called the town in honour of the eldest brother-Kiev. A monument to the founders was erected at the Dnieper embankment in our days. The town’s place was chosen succesfully, the high Dnieper’s slopes were perfect protection against the raids of nomad tribes.

Kiev stretches for the space of more than 20 km along the picturesque banks of the biggest Ukrainian river — Dnieper. Its square consists 827 sq.km. The population of Kiev is about 3 millions people.

Kiev is one of the oldest Slavic centres, “Mother of Russian touns” so it was called in olden times, its age is more than 1500 years. The first settlements on the territory of modern Kiev appeared from 15000 till 20000 year ago.

During the time of Vladimir the Great (980-1015) government our city begins to develop especially rapidly. In order to consolidate Kiev Russ and to increase its international influence the prince Vladimir baptised the Russ in 988. Christianity and became that impulse for further development of written language and culture.

Today Kiev is an important industrial, scientific, educational and cultural centre of Eastern Europe. It is home to many high-tech industries, higher education institutions and world-famous historical landmarks. The city has an extensive infrastructure and highly developed system of public transport, including the Kiev Metro.

The capital of Ukraine has got great cultural potential. There are more that 30 museums, about 200 unique architectural monuments, 33 theatres, enormouse quantity of constant active art exhibitions. Kiev is one of the greenest cities of the world, it has more that 60 parks. In spring and summer the city resembles one huge park.

There are many historical places in Kiev. For example, St Sophia Cathedral, which was built in the 11th century, Kievo-Pecherskaya Lavra that was founded in the 11th century, St Michael’s Golden-Domed Monastery, which was ruined and recently completely restored, St. Andrew’s chirch in baroque style?

The monument to Taras Shevchenko, the great Ukrainian poet, is in front of the University, named after him. The monument to Bohdan Khmelnitsky, famous hetman of Ukraine, stands in the square opposite to St Sophia Cathedral.

Kiev is the centre of cultural life of Ukraine. Fans of theatre, cinema, music, painting and other arts can find there many interesting for themselves. There are lots of museums in Kiev: the Museum of Ukrainian Arts, the Historic Museum, the Taras Shevchenko Museum, the Lesya Ukrainka Museum, the museum of M. Bulgakov and others.

Література:

1. Барановська Т.В. Граматика англійської мови. Збірник вправ: Навч. посібник. Видання друге, виправлене та доповненею – Мова англ., укр. – Київ: ТОВ “ВП Логос-М», 2007. – 384с.

2. Л.В. Мисик, А.Л. Арцишевська, Л.Р. Кузнєцова, Л.Л. Поплавська. Англійська мова. Комунікативний аспект. / За ред. доц. Мисик Л.В. – Підручник. – К.: Атіка, 2000. – 368с.

3. Гужва Т. М. Англійська мова: Розмовні теми: Навч. посіб. Для студентів фак. Інозем. Філології, університетів, ліцеїв, гімназій та коледжів. – Харків: Фоліо, 2005. – 414с.

4. Бессонова І. В. Англійська мова (за професійним спрямуванням). Навчальний посібник для дистанційного навчання. – К.: Університет «Україна», 2005. – 263с.

Модуль самостійної роботи:

1. Безособові форми дієслова. Інфінітив. Дієприкметник. Герундій.

2. Скласти рецепт улюбленої страви та меню в ресторані.

3. Анотування газетної статті за фахом.

Безособові форми дієслова. Інфінітив. Дієприкметник. Герундій.

Питання для самоконтролю:

1. Дайте загальну характеристик не особовим формам дієслова.
2. Інфінітив:

- форми інфінітива;

- функції інфінітива;

- синтаксична роль у реченні;

- інфінітивні звороти (objective with infinitive, nominative with infinitive, the for – to – infinitive construction).

1. Дієприкметник:

- форми дієприкметника;

- функції дієприкметника;

- Participle I (утворення, функції, часові форми);

- Participle II (утворення, функції, часові форми).

1. Герундій:

- форми герундія;

- функції герундія;

- синтаксична роль герундія в реченні;

- герундіальні звороти.

1. Порівняйте пари:

- герундій та інфінітив;

- герундій та дієприкметник.

Вправа 1. Розкрийте дужки і оберіить правильний варіант

1 The article must (translate / be translated) into Russian.

2 Ann did very well at the exam. She must (be studying / have studied) very hard.

3 George has (to call / to be called) his insurance agent today.

4 It is too cold (to bathe / to have bathed) today.

5 I hope (to send / to be sent) to the conference.

6 The budget committee decided (to postpone / to be postponed) the meeting.

7 The weather seems (to be improving / to have improved) now.

8 I am glad (to have seen / to have been seen) you.

9 The letter may (have been sent / have sent) to the wrong address.

10 I am looking for Helen. Do you know where she is? She may (watch / be watching) TV in her room.

Вправа 2. Визначте функцію інфінітиву та перекладіть речення

1 I’m happy not to have failed you.

2 We were sorry to find out that most of the museums were closed that day.

3 This is a man to be relied upon.

4 I’d like to make an appointment.

5 This is an interesting fact to be mentioned in the report.

6 The boy didn’t want to be praised in the presence of other pupils.

7 I felt that to send a letter to him would only pain him uselessly.

8 One of our friends was suddenly taken ill and had to be operated on immediately.

9 The President is to visit Vienna next year.

10 The press conference is to start in a minute.

11 You should consult the doctor.

12 The! freezer must be kept at –20º.

13 You would rather go to class tomorrow than today.

Вправа 3. Перекладіть речення

1 He is known to be a great book-lover.

2 The members of the committee are expected to come to an agreement.

3 Many buildings were reported to have been damaged by the fire.

4 The experiment is believed to be а failure.

5 She seems to know the subject well.

6 He happened to be at home at that time.

7 There seem to be no changes in the trade relations between these two countries.

8 There proved to be many difficulties in solving the matter.

9 There happened to be many people there at that time.

10 The ship can be expected to arrive at the end of the week.

11 The weather can’t be expected to change tomorrow.

12 There seem to be no objections to their proposal.

13 There happened to be a surgeon among them.

Вправа 4. Оберіть правильну форму займенника або іменника:

1 Richard is expecting (us/our) to go to class tomorrow.

2 You shouldn’t rely on (him/his) calling you in the morning.

3 They don’t approve of (us/our) leaving early.

4 George asked (me/my) to call him last night.

5 We understand (him/his) having to leave early.

6 We are expecting (Henry/Henry’s) to call us.

7 They are looking forward to (us/our) visiting them.

8 Susan regrets (John/John’s) being in trouble.

9 We understand (you/your) not being able to stay longer.

10 We object to (their/them) signing the contract now.

Вправа 5. Оберіть потрібну форму герундія або інфінітива:

1 The teacher decided (accepting / to accept) the paper.

2 His father doesn’t approve of his (going / to go) to Europe.

3 We found it very difficult (reaching / to reach) a decision.

4 Donna is interested in (to open / opening) a bar.

5 George has no intention of (to leave / leaving) the city now.

6 We are eager (to return / returning) to school in the fall.

7 She refused (to accept / accepting) the gift.

8 Mary pretended (to be / being) sick yesterday.

9 Carlos hopes (to finish / finishing) his thesis this year.

10 They agreed (to leave / leaving) early.

11 Herry shouldn’t risk (to drive / driving) so fast.

12 He demands (to know / knowing) what is going on.

13 She is looking forward (to return / to returning) to her country.

Вправа 6. Випишіть номери речень, де вжито герундій:

1 Climbing the mountain, he broke his leg.

2 Having climbed the mountain, they rested the whole day.

3 Climbing a mountain is his favourite pastime.

4 The rule being explained is not easy.

5 Having been explained the rule became quite clear to everybody.

6 The rule being explained, we started doing the exercises.

7 I prefer explaining to testing.

8 Why do you dislike living here?

9 What’s the name of the girl living here?

10 I don’t like the idea of her living here.

11 The water here is not very good. I’d avoid drinking it.

12 What are you drinking? Is it apple juice?

13 After being stopped by the police, the man admitted stealing the car.

Література:

1. Никульшина Н.Л. Повторяем неличные формы английсого глагола: Учеб. пособие.Тамбов: Изд-во Тамб. гос. техн. ун-та, 2002. 96 с.

2. Верба Л.Г., Верба Г.В. Граматика сучасної англійської мови. Посібник. – логос, 1997.- 341 с.

3. Грамматика английского языка: пособие. Ч. 1. Морфология / Под ред. Б.А. Ильиша. - 6-е изд. –, К.: Б.в., 1997. - 214 с.

4. Голицынский Ю.Б. Грамматика: Сборник упражнений. – 3-е изд. - СПб.: Каро, 2001. – 512 с.

5. Гордон Е.М., Крылова И.П. Грамматика современного английского языка: Учебник для институтов и факультетов иностранных языков. – 2-е изд., испр. и доп. – М.: Высшая школа, 1980. – 335 с.

Індивідуальна робота за семестр:

1. Проектна робота. Тема: «Стилі та напрямки сучасної музики».

Дата добавления: 2015-07-26