English Monarchs

With the arrival of the Germanic tribes (Angles, Saxons and Jutes) to the territory of modern England and the southern part of Scotland some things changed. The Anglo-Saxons established a number of kingdoms, some of which still exist in country or regional names: Essex (East Saxons), Sussex (South Saxons), Wessex (West Saxons), Middlesex (probably a kingdom of Middle Saxons), East Anglia (East Angles). The leaders of these kingdoms were more powerful than those of separated tribes, and by the middle of the seventh century the three largest kingdoms, Northumbria, Mercia and Wessex, were the most powerful.

It was not until a century later than one of these kings, King Offa of Mercia (757-96), claimed “kingship of the English”, nevertheless, he didn’t control all of England. But it was King Offa who is considered to be the first king of England. After him Egbert, King of Wessex (r. 802-839) came (he is also considered to be the first as there’s a difference of views), than Ethelwulf (r. 839-856) reigned and it all continued till the Battle of Hastings.

There you can see an Anglo-Saxon family tree:
Anglo-Saxon family tree.pdf

Scottish Monarchs

The Scottish Crown has a long and complex history. From a number of local rulers governing separate territories and peoples, a single king emerged by the beginning of the twelfth century to govern most of what is today's Scotland.

The thirteenth century was a time of instability for the Scottish Crown in the face of internal fighting and the Wars of Independence with England.

A sense of nationhood and a stable monarchical succession began to develop from the fourteenth century onwards, culminating in the Stewart dynasty.

In 1603 a member of this dynasty, King James VI, succeeded to the English Crown. King James VI of Scotland became James I of England as well. The Union of the Crowns was followed by the Union of the Parliaments in 1707. In 1707, the Act of Union was passed. Under this agreement, the Scottish parliament was dissolved and some of its members joined the English and Welsh parliament in London and the former two kingdoms became one “United Kingdom of Great Britain”.

Then, in 1801, in order to increase British control Ireland was united with Britain and the Dublin parliament was closed. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland lasted for 120 years until Ireland was divided in 1921.

England's Royal History

The Anglo-Saxons

Reigned from the 5th century AD to 1066

Alfred the Great and other kings

The Normans

Reigned 1066-1154

William I, William II, Henry I, Stephen

The Angevins

Reigned 1154-1216

Henry II, Richard I, John

The Plantagenets

Reigned 1216-1399

Henry III, Edward I, Edward II,

Edward III, Richard II

The Lancastrians

Reigned 1399-1461

Henry IV, Henry V, Henry VI

(Henry VI restored in 1470 but deposed again in 1471)

The Yorkists

Reigned 1461-1485

Edward IV, Edward V, Richard III

(Edward IV deposed in 1470, restored in 1471)

The Tudors

Reigned 1485-1603

Henry VII, Henry VIII, Edward VI,

Jane Grey, Mary I, Elizabeth I

The Stuarts

Reigned 1603-1649

Monarchy abolished in 1649, restored in 1660

Stuarts reigned 1660-1714

James I, Charles I

Charles II, James II,

William III and Mary II,Anne

The Hanoverians

Reigned 1714-1901

George I, George II, George III,

George IV, William IV, Victoria

Дата добавления: 2015-12-08