Adjectives Nouns

1 important a) water

2 high b) population

3 bare c) city

4 fresh d) resources

5 ancient e) ground

6 swampy f) lakes

7 current g) lowland

8 cultural h) deposits

9 natural i) deserts

10 extensive j) mountains

11 rich k) importance

12 deep l) rivers

4.8 Are these statements true (T) or false (F)? If the statement is false, correct it.

1 Russia stretches over an enormous area of Eastern Europe.

2 Russia is washed by twenty seas and four oceans.

3 The current population in Russia is about 130 million people.

4 The Urals form the northern boundary of Russia.

5 The population in Russia is equally distributed.

6 There are diverse types of climate on the territory of Russia.

7 The climate of Siberia is temperate.

8 Its mineral resources determine the development of the Russian economy.

9 It is one of the world’s biggest producers of coal, oil and natural gas.

10 There is no official language in the country, because Russia is multinational.

11 Baikal is the largest salt water lake.

4.9 Translate into English:

1 Россия является одной из самых больших стран мира.

2 Россия занимает огромную территорию.

3 Россия соседствует со многими странами.

4 Россия занимает восьмое место в мире по численности населения.

5 Большая часть населения живет в Европейской части страны.

6 Сибирь недостаточно заселена.

7 Россия имеет самые богатые запасы природных ресурсов в мире.

8 Россия – самый большой производитель угля, нефти и природного газа.

9 Тяжелая промышленность России хорошо развита.

10 Официальным государственным языком страны является русский язык.

11 Москва – столица России.

4.10 Complete the following sentences using the information from the text:

1 Russia borders on many countries…..

2 Russia covers almost twice the territory of…..

3 The Russian Plain takes on…..

4 The Urals form…..

5 The most important rivers in the European part of Russia are…..

6 The largest lakes are…..

7 The current population is…..

8 Russia is inhabited by…….

9 The northern part of Russia is…….

10 Russia has the richest…..

11 The development of the Russian economy…….

12 Russia is one of the world’s biggest producers……

13 Russia’s heavy industries produce……

14 The head of the country is…..

15 Moscow is…..

4.11 Answer the following questions:

1 Where is Russia situated?

2 What is Russia washed by?

3 What countries does the Russian Federation border on?

4 What is lake Baikal noted for?

5 What are the most important rivers in Russia?

6 What is the deepest lake in Russia?

7 What types of climate are there on the territory of Russia?

8 What can you say about the population of Russia?

9 How large is the population of Russia?

10 Is Russia rich in natural resources?

11 Is Russia’s industry well-developed?

12 What is the official language of the Russian Federation?

13 What is the capital of Russia?

4.12 Study the factfile:

Official name: Russian Federation

Capital: Moscow

Population number: about 143 mln

Natural Regions: the East European Plain the West Siberian Plain

the Central Siberian Plateau the Far East

Mountain Systems: the Altai, the Caucasus, the Cherskiy,

the Pamir, the Sayan, the Tian Shan, the Ural

The highest Peak: Elbrus – 18,481 feet (5,633 metres)

Major Rivers: the Amur, the Angara, the Irtysh, the Lena, the Ob, the Volga,

the Yenisey

Major Lakes: Baikal, Ladoga, Onega

Natural Zones: Tundra (along the Arctic coast), taiga (north and central half of the country), forest, forest-steppe, steppe

Climate: Long bitter winters and short summers (tundra)

Long severe winters, short springs and summers (taiga)

Long cold winters, hot moist summers (forest)

Cold winters and hot dry summers (steppe)

Major Agricultural Products: Crops, sugar, beets, wheat, potatoes, barley, rye, oats, cabbage, tomatoes, sunflowers.

Cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, horses, poultry, fish, seafood

Major Mined Products: Coal, oil, natural gas, iron ore, salt, bauxite, lead, tin, manganese, zinc, copper, nickel, molybdenum, gold, etc.

Major Manufactured Products: Iron, steel, cement, mineral fertilizers, chemicals, food products, wood products, machine tools, food processing equipment, chemical equipment, oil and gas equipment

Currency: 1rouble = 100kopecs

4.13 Read the factfile and answer the questions below:

1. Which fact do you find the most surprising?

2. Which fact arouses the mostoptimism?

Lake Baikal

Lake Baikal is the most ancient lake on the earth, its great age is more than 25 million years. So, it is the oldest body of fresh water.

It is the deepest lake, measuring 1,635 metres from top to bottom, more than a mile.

It holds one-fifth of the planet’s fresh water and 80 per cent of the former Soviet Union’s – more water than all of North America’s Great Lakes combined.

Baikal extends for 635 kilometres from north-east to south-west, covering the area of 30,500 square kilometres.

Baikal sits in the planet’s deepest land depression (впадина). Its depression formed of hard, fixed rocks holds 23,000cu km of chemically very pure and extraordinary clear water.

Its cold waters move vertically, carrying oxygen to the bottom, where 1,500 endemic species (эндемичные, т.е. свойственные данной местности, виды) were spotted. Lake Tahoe has two endemic species, Lake Superior – four endemic species.

Fifty-two species of fish inhabit these waters.

Baikal owes its longevity (долговечность, долголетие) to the tectonically active rift (разлом земной коры) it occupies, which may cause it to widen by as much as 2.5 centimetres each year.

The Buryat – ethnic Mongols – settled its shores long before the 13^th century conquests (завоевания) of Genghis Khan. Russian fur (мех) traders arrived in the 1640s.

(From Брунова Е.Г., Латфуллина И.Д., Фомина Е.В.

Английский язык: Учебное пособие. – Тюмень: Изд-во ТюмГУ, 2012)

4.14 National cuisine is part of national culture, isn’t it? Match the dishes with the cuisine, description and ingredients and fill in the table

Borshch / bliny / manty / shashlyk / okroshka / chak-chak

Russian / Tartar / Caucasian

Thin pancakes / a sweet dessert, made of honey and pastry / a soup of Ukrainian origin that is popular in many Eastern and Central European countries / Cold soup of mostly raw vegetables like cucumbers, spring onions, boiled potatoes, with eggs, and a cooked meat such as beef, veal, sausages, or ham with kvass, topped with sour cream / Marinated lamb skewers; sometimes with vegetables / Dumplings of a spiced meat mixture, usually lamb or ground beef, in a dough wrapper, either boiled or steamed.

Flour, eggs, oil, honey / Beef or pork, onion, cabbage, carrot, beetroot, tomatoes, potatoes, water / Lamb or beef, salt, pepper, onion, flour, water / Flour, eggs, oil, milk, sugar, salt, yeast / Cucumbers, spring onions, boiled potatoes, boiled eggs, sausages, kvass, sour cream / Lamb, vinegar, salt, pepper, onion, tomatoes

Dish	Cuisine	Description	Ingredients

4.15 Write a letter to Susy and describe your favourite national dish.

4.16 Project work. Chose a Russian tradition and make a presentation. Use the hints below

New Year

Dinner with family or friends / Olivier salad / “ Irony of Fate” / New Year Tree / Fireworks / Illumination / Father Frost and Snegurochka /

Wedding

Bride and groom / best friend / bride price / groom testing / rings / flowers / ceremony

Maslennitsa (Shrovetide)

Bliny / jackstraw of winter / competitions

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