Ex. 5. Translate into English.

А.В. Степанова

OBLIQUE MOODS

In English

§1 MOOD AND MODALITY. GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS.

Ex. 1. Translate into Russian. Analyze the Direct and Indirect Moods.

1. My children ask me too many questions. 2. Now, ask your question! Go ahead! 3. Steve was sure that his teacher would answer all his questions. 4. I wouldn’t ask you this question if I knew the answer. 5. Do relax! There is no hurry. Take your time. 6. I shall ask you for support if any need arises. 8. I know that you will do it as soon as you can. 9. I know that you would do it as soon as you could. 10. He promised he would go there if he had a chance. 11. I should go if I had time. Time is money, you know. 12. “You could do it if you tried.” “Shall I really make an effort?” 13. You could have done it if you had tried! 14. It would have been most helpful if you had done the washing. 15. If the ancient Egyptians had not had slaves, they would not have been able to build the Pyramids. 16. But for our books we would be ignorant and unaware of so many things! 17. I know you are a great man. But your greatness would be enhanced if you said "Sorry". 18. If it weren't for the last minute, a lot of things wouldn't get done. 19. If you gave him a penny for his thoughts, you would get some change. 20. If you want to be happy, be.

Ex.2. Translate into English, use the Imperative Mood.

1. Относитесь к этому легче. 2. Замри! Вольно! 3. Улыбнитесь и расслабьтесь! 4. Давайте не будем ссориться! 5. Бюрократы! Боже, спаси меня от них! 6. Будь собой! 7. Ну, ну, дорогая, не плачь! 8. Никогда не доверяйте незнакомым людям. 9. Откройте широко рот и скажите “А”! 10. Никогда, никогда не пререкайтесь со мной! 11. Голосуйте за нашего кандидата! 12. Пусть играет музыка, пусть поют голоса, (давайте) будем вместе до конца! 13. Не обращайте внимания на собачку, она просто играет. 14. Не смейте опять делать что-то через мою голову (to go over one's head). 15. Держись от меня подальше! Проваливай! 16. Сохраняй спокойствие! 17. Наслаждайся жизнью! 18. Берегитесь воров! 19. Парковки нет! 20. Здесь не курят! 21. Не волнуйся! Будь счастлив!

FREE USE OF THE OBLIQUE MOODS

§2 SUBJUNCTIVE I

Ex. 3 Read and translate the sentences. Comment on the use of Subjunctive I.

1. A fine day, thanks be to God. 2. Well, be that as it may. 3. "If you go, we go too." "So be it." 4. He says at the next sound he hears in his yard he won't aim high, be it a dog, a nigger, or Jem Finch. 5. She raised the glass. "God bless you, Liam, and long life." 6. "God save all here," Delvin announced cheerfully. 7. He kicked the starter. "God protect me from this monstrous regiment of women," he said and drove away. 8. Damn those roads!

Ex.4. Comment on Subjunctive I. Translate into Russian.

1. Far be it from me to marry a woman for her money! 2. Be that as it may, but I know nothing about it. 3. Peace be with you! Success attend you! 4. Blessed be the day of his birth! 5. If it means that one day I will face execution for my presumption, then so be it. 6. Blessed be he who expects nothing, for he shall never be disappointed. 7. Manners be hanged! 10. Be yours a lucky choice!

Ex. 5. Translate into English.

1. К черту эту английскую орфографию! 2. Да будет благословенна земля, которая дает миру таких сынов! 3. Ну что же, я сдаюсь. Да будет так! 4. Пусть вам сопутствует удача! 5. Да благословит вас Бог! 6. Будь что будет, а я все-таки рискну. 7. Достаточно сказать, что он уже несколько раз попадал в аварию. 8. Я далек от того, чтобы обвинять тебя в этом преступлении.

§3 SUBJUNCTIVE II

Subjunctive II has two tenses: the Present and the Past.

The forms of Present Subjunctive do not differ from the forms of the Past Indicative except the verb 'to be' in singular. There is only one form of the verb 'to be' for all persons singular and plural – ' were '. Nowadays we can hear the form ' was ' in colloquial speech.

The present Subjunctive refers an action to the present or to the future.

e. g. If only I were young again!

If only I could speak English!

If only he came in time!

The Past Subjunctive refers the action to the past. Its form coincides with the Past Perfect Indicative.

e. g. If I hadn't quarreled with her!

If I could have persuaded her!

Subjunctive II denotes:

1) wish

If only somebody did(had done) smth

e. g. Oh, if only he gave me a job!

Oh, if she had taken my advice then!

2) advice

somebody had better do (not do) smth

e. g. You had better do it at once.

You had better not tell her about it.

NB! No particle 'to' before the notional verb!

3. preference

Somebody had (would) rather (sooner) do smth

not do smth

e. g. I 'd rather stay at home.

I had much rather not interfere.

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