Exercise 3. Fill in the gaps with appropriate organisation and narrative markers.

DISCOURSE MARKERS

ORGANISATION AND NARRATIVE LINKERS

Exercise 1. Insert the words and expressions below in the appropriate columns of the table paying attention to synonyms. Explain your choices.

Firstly, at first, at the beginning, in the beginning, at the start, at the end, in the end, secondly, finally, eventually, at last

Organisation markers	Narrative markers
Function:used to show how you are organizing points.	Function: used to show the sequence of events.

Exercise 2. Use firstly / first (of all) vs. at first in the sentences below. Alter punctuation as necessary.

I didn’t enjoy the work. It took me a long time to get used to it.

There are several reasons why you should choose Sue for the job. She is extremely well qualified. What’s more, she has the necessary experience.

(to an apprentice in a workshop) Let me look at your work. Mm. It isn’t bad, but there are still some faults. You haven’t tightened these screws. Can you see them? And also, you’ve cut these wires too short...

We shall launch our new models next week. They’ll only be available in the London stores, but eventually they’ll be sold throughout the country.

The cut in the interest rates has not had very much impact in California for two reasons. Banks are still afraid to loan.

I didn’t think we were good enough. Then we played a couple of parties, and people seemed to like us.

The company has made mistakes. It should have invested in new technology. Furthermore, it should not have closed down its Atlantica factory.

Much research has been carried out on the disease. It was thought that chemical agents were responsible. It is now known to be caused by a virus.

Vitamin C has many roles to play in weight control. It is needed for hormone production.

It was hard talking to him. He seemed surprised by my questions, but then he grew very interested.

Certain basic guidelines can be given. You should have a heating engineer check the safety of the heating system.

I had some difficulty recalling why we were there. Later, though, it was clearer.

The Personnel manager was asked to look into the question, and his study has two aspects. He looked at the experience of other companies, and second, he looked carefully at our own working arrangements.

She refused to marry him, but eventually she accepted the proposal.

Exercise 3. Fill in the gaps with appropriate organisation and narrative markers.

____________, the River Ouse flowed through the town. But sediment built up in the Ouse, and around 1300 the course of the river changed to run through Maryville.

They promised to deliver by the end of June, but the goods __________turned up on 16 August.

John and Anita got married ____________of May. ____________, the marriage worked well, but problems soon began to emerge.

We had a long and bitter argument, but __________I realised he was right after all.

I burnt the meat and dropped the vegetables, but the meal turned out all right __________.

__________the waiter brought them their meal, but by then it was cold.

After the operation, he went home to recuperate. ____________ he made good progress, but his condition soon began to deteriorate.

____________ of the film, we are introduced to the two main characters, Bill and Sarah Cunningham.

Damian told me the other day that he wants to be an astronaut. I didn’t believe him __________, but then I realised he was serious!

She spent days trying to decide what to do. She ____________ decided that the best course of actions was to do nothing.

I’ve spent thousands of pounds trying to get my driving licence, and now, after seventeen goes, I’ve got it ___________!

They tried hard to make the marriage work, but their hearts weren’t in it, and they got divorced _____________.

The story jumps around from place to place, and there are characters introduced who don’t seem to be connected. ___________, you have very little idea of what it was all about.

I had to wait weeks for the cheque to come, but it arrived ___________.

______________, the soldiers all went home.

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