Objectives of International Organizations

(a) The aims of this international organization are facilitating cooperation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress, human rights, and achievement of world peace. It was founded in 1945 after World War II to replace the League of Nations, to stop wars between countries, and to provide a platform for dialogue. It contains multiple subsidiary organizations to carry out its missions.

(b) It is an organization of 187 countries, working to foster global monetary cooperation, secure exchange rate stability, facilitate international trade, promote high employment and sustainable economic growth, and reduce poverty around the world.

(c) It is a family of five international organizations that makes loans, generally to poor countries. Its five agencies are: International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD); International Development Association (IDA); International Finance Corporation (IFC); Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA); International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID). Unlike commercial banks, it often lends at little or no interest to countries that are unable to raise money for development anywhere else. Countries that borrow from it also have a much longer period to repay their loans than commercial banks allow.

(d) It is the only international organization dealing with the global rules of trade between nations. At its heart are agreements, negotiated and signed by the bulk of the world’s trading nations and ratified in their parliaments. The goal is to help producers of goods and services, exporters, and importers conduct their business.

(e) The Agency was set up as the world’s "Atoms for Peace" organization in 1957 within the United Nations family. It works with its Member States and multiple partners worldwide to promote safe, secure and peaceful nuclear technologies.

(f) This specialized agency of the United Nations promotes sustainable industrial development in developing countries and economies in transition, and works towards improving living conditions in the world’s poorest countries.

(g) This organization leads international efforts to defeat hunger. It helps developing countries and countries in transition modernize and improve agriculture, forestry and fisheries practices and ensure good nutrition for all.

(h) It is a specialized agency of the United Nations whose purpose is to contribute to peace and security by promoting international collaboration through education, science, and culture in order to further universal respect for justice, the rule of law, and the human rights.

■ Scanning

Ex. 2. Now read the article carefully and answer the following questions:

1) When was the UNO set up?

2) What are its main objectives?

3) What is the IMF aimed at?

4) What is the difference between the World Bank and commercial banks?

5) What does the IAEA promote?

6) In what way does FAO intend to defeat hunger?

7) What is the main function of UNESCO?

8) According to the article, what is at the heart of the WTO?

Ex. 3. What do these letters stand for?

	− − − − − −

1) WTO _ _________________________________________

2) MIGA _ _________________________________________

3) FAO _ _________________________________________

4) WBG _ _________________________________________

5) UNESCO __________________________________________

6) UNIDO __________________________________________

Ex. 4. Put down the English equivalents for the following Russian acronyms:

	− − − − − −

1) МВФ ________________________________________

2) МФК ________________________________________

3) OOН ________________________________________

4) МАГАТЭ ________________________________________

5) МБРР ________________________________________

6) МАР ________________________________________

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