Past Simple (прошедшее простое время).

GRAMMAR

I. Местоимения.

1. Личные местоимения.

Число	Лицо	Именительный падеж	Объектный падеж
Единственное     Множественное		I (я) you (ты) he (он) she (она) it (оно) we (мы) you (вы) they (они)	me (мне) you (тебе) him (ему) her (ей) it (ему) неодуш. us (нам) you (вам) them (им)

Упр.1.Выберите правильное местоимение.

1. Kate and (I, me) work together. 2. (We, us) spend our holidays with (they, them).3. My sister and (I, me) are good friends. 4. (She, her) writes to (he, him) every day. 5. (We, us) enjoy playing tennis. 6. Will you give (she, her) and (I, me) some help? 7. (It, he) is my dog. 8. (They, them) asked (he, him) about his parents.

Упр.2. Замените подчёркнутые слова личными местоимениями.

1. Sally and Games are at home. 2. The room is large and clean. 3. Peggy and I watched the film on TV. 4. Peter helped the pupils to translate the text. 5. Mother asked Mary to wash the plates. 6. My friend wrote a letter to his sister. 7. Jane took 3 books from the library. 8. His cousins live in Moscow. 9. Our grandmother and grandfather will come tomorrow. 10. Mary works in a shop.

Притяжательные местоимения.

Число	Лицо	Основная форма (перед существительными)	Абсолютная форма (без существительных)
Единственное     Множественное		my your his her its our your their	mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs

Упр. 3. Измените предложения по образцу.

Model: This is her book. - This book is hers.

1. This is my house. 2. These are their dogs. 3. This is his car. 4. These are her sons. 5. This is our office. 6. These are your rooms. 7. This is my garden. 8. These are her flowers. 9. This is his cup. 10. These are their children.

Упр. 4. Выберите правильные притяжательные местоимения.

1. Is this (your/yours) book? 2. It is (their/theirs) door, not (our/ours). 3. They are new students and I don’t know (their/theirs) names.4. (My/mine) flat is bigger than (her/hers), but (her/hers)is nicer. 5. It isn’t (my/mine) book. (My/mine) is new. 6. They took (our/ours) books and we took (their/theirs). 7. Are these pencils (her/hers)? 8. Is this (your/yours) house or (their/theirs)?

Упр.5. Употребите правильную форму личного или притяжательного местоимения.

1. (Моя) aunt Susan is (моей) mother’s sister. 2. Tell (им) about it. 3. (Наши) relatives are coming to see (нас) tomorrow. 4. Is this (твоя) dog? There is something wrong with (её) ear. 5. He gave (мне) (свою) photography, in which I couldn’t recognize (его). 6. We were surprised to see (их) on the platform, they also came to meet (нас). 7. The girls are here, (они) came early. 8. The Browns have moved to a new flat. (Они) gave (мне) (свой) new address, so I can visit (их). 9. I invite (тебя) to a party at (моём) place. (Я) hope (ты) will bring (своего) husband with (собой). 10. I am happy that (моя) cat found (своего) kitten.

Возвратные местоимения.

Личные местоимения	Возвратные местоимения
I you he she it   we you they	myself yourself himself herself itself   ourselves yourselves themselves

Упр. 6. Употребите нужное возвратное местоимение.

1. I will ask him ….2. He wants to do it …. 3. She washed …. 4. You will answer the letter …. 5. I looked at … in the mirror. 6. We will tell her …. 7. They have done the task …. 8. She doesn’t like to speak about …. 9. The story … is good, but not the translation. 10. Children, do it ….

II. Спряжение глагола to be в настоящем времени (Present Simple).

Число	Утвердительная форма	Вопросительная форма	Отрицательная форма
Единственное     Множественное	I am He is She is It is   We are You are They are	Am I? Is he? Is she? Is it?   Are we? Are you? Are they?	I am not He is not (he isn’t) She is not (she isn’t) It is not (it isn’t)   We are not (we aren’t) You are not (you aren’t) They are not (they aren’t)

Упр. 8. Употребите правильную форму глагола to be.

1. You … welcome. 2. The metro station … far from my house. 3. Mary and Nelly … friends. 4. It … 5 o’clock now. 5. How … you? 6. How old … Mary? 7. What country … she from? 8. How far … it from here? 9. They … glad to see her.10. It … not of her to say so. 11. -… you at home now? – No, I … not at home. I … at work. 12. - … your brother a doctor? – No, he …. He … a student.

Упр. 9. Сделайте предложения вопросительными и отрицательными.

1. Her name is Lucy. 2. Ted is nine. 3. Her face is round. 4. It is a good film. 5. I am happy. 6. We are at the University. 7. They are clever. 8. His cat is black. 9. She is from Russia. 10. It is time to go to bed. 11. You are a first-year student. 12. It is cold today. 13. We are glad to see them. 14. I am busy today.

Упр. 10. Переведите на английский язык, употребляя глагол to be в Present Simple.

1. Анне восемнадцать лет. Она студентка. 2. Его брат ученик. Он в школе. 3. Мамы нет дома. Она на работе. 4. - Вы врач? - Нет, я учитель. 5. Её сестра не секретарь. Она учитель. 6. - Этот фильм интересный? – Нет, он неинтересный. 7. – Ваши дети школьники? – Да, они школьники. 8. - Катя дома? – Да, но она занята. 9. Это картины. Они на стене. Картины очень красивые. 10. Моя бабушка пенсионерка. Она не на работе. Она дома.

III. Имя существительное.

1. Множественное число существительных.

Образование множественного числа существительных

a cat – cats a boy – boys a dog - dogs a story - stories a car – cars a chair – chairs a tomato - tomatoes a hero - heroes a bus – buses a box – boxes a leaf - leaves a dish – dishes a wolf - wolves a bench – benches  

Но: a piano – pianos a photo – photos   a roof – roofs a safe – safes a handkerchief - handkerchiefs  

Упр. 11. Поставьте следующие существительные во множественное число (не забудьте, что перед множественным числом неопределённый артикль нужно опустить).

A pen, a class, a city, a road, a day, a bush, a desk, a table, a plate, a fox, a room, a lady, a knife, a dress, a potato, a match, a way, a house, a family, a flag, a town, a wife, a country, a lion, a park, a play, a shelf, a dictionary, a roof, a key, a photo, a sandwich, a window.

Запомните форму множественного числа следующих существительных: a man – men a woman – women a child – children a foot – feet a tooth – teeth a mouse – mice a goose – geese an ox – oxen

Запомните также: an Englishman – Englishmen a Frenchman – Frenchmen Но: a German – Germans

Запомните три существительных, имеющих во множественном числе ту же форму, что и в единственном: a sheep – sheep a deer – deer a swine - swine

Упр. 12. Поставьте следующие существительные во множественное число (обратите внимание на артикли: неопределённый артикль во множественном числе опускается, а определённый артикль сохраняется).

A baby, a plant, a lemon, a peach, a banana, a brush, a star, a mountain, a tree, a shilling, a king, the waiter, the queen, a man, the woman, an eye, a thief, a fox, the city, a boy, a goose, the fish, a mouse, a dress, a toy, the sheep, a tooth, a child, the ox, a deer, the life, a tomato, a secretary, a crowd, the airport, an Englishman, a theatre, the German, the tornado, a tragedy, a shop.

Запомните: this is – these are that is – those are there is – there are it is – they are

Упр. 13. Поставьте следующие словосочетания во множественное число.

This magazine, that sticker, this stamp, that factory, this teacup, this egg, that wall, that picture, this foot, that mountain, this deer, this game, this lady, that window, this man, that match, that child, this knife, this book, this family, that pie, this tooth, that teacher, this hobby, that mouse.

Упр. 14. Поставьте следующие предложения во множественное число.

1. This is a spider. 2. That is a snail. 3. This is a space film. 4. That is a cartoon. 5. This is a star. 6. This is a girl. 7. This is a baby. 8. That is a plate. 9. That is a flower. 10. That is a bookshelf. 11. Is this a sofa? 12. Is this a bookcase? 13. Is this a man? 14. Is that a ball? 15. Is that a train? 16. That is not a king. 17. That is not a queen. 18. This isn’t a mouse. 19. This isn’t a goose. 20. There is a cup on the table. 21. There is a house in the street. 22. There is a tree in the garden. There is a child in the yard. 23. It is a dog. 24. It isn’t a boy. 25. It is not a bad egg. 26. It is a good city.

Притяжательный падеж существительных.

Единственное число	Множественное число
The child’s toys The boy’s books	The children’s toys The boys’ books

Упр. 15. Перефразируйте следующие словосочетания и предложения, употребляя притяжательный падеж.

1. The ball of the dog. 2. The skateboard of that man. 3. The songs of the children. 4. The umbrella of my grandmother. 5. The room of my friend. 6. The question of my son. 7. The wife of my brother. 8. The table of our teacher. 9. The poems of Pushkin. 10. The voice of this girl. 11. The new club of the workers. 12. The car of my parents. 13. The life of animals. 14. The handbags of these women. 15. The flat of my sister is large. 16. The children of my brother are at home. 17. The room of the boys is large. 18. The name of this girl is Jane. 19. The work of these students is interesting. 20. The computer of my son is modern.

Упр. 16. Вспомните слова, называющие членов семьи и заполните пропуски подходящими по смыслу существительными в притяжательном падеже.

1. My aunt is my … sister. 2. My cousin Jane is my … daughter. 3. Their … parents are their grandparents. 4. His … children are his grandchildren. 4. Your mother’s mother is your …. 5. Her … father is her father-in-law. 6. Our … husband is our brother-in-law. 7. My mother has a sister, her son is my … nephew. 8. My father has a brother, his daughter is my … niece.

Упр. 18. Переведите на английский язык, употребляя притяжательный падеж существительного.

1.Это семья моего друга. Отец моего друга – инженер, мать моего друга – учитель. 2. Глаза у кошки зелёные. 3. Игрушки детей – в большом ящике. 4. День рождения моего отца – в мае. 5. Как зовут того молодого человека? 6. Это любимый торт моей мамы. 7. Я люблю книги этого писателя. 8. Это бабушкино кресло. 9. Дайте мне тетради ваших учеников. 10. Ответы этих студентов отличные. 11. Платье этой девушки очень красивое. 12. Это машина моих родителей.

IV. Артикль

Неопределённый A, an	Определённый The	Нулевой -
Употребляется только перед исчисляемыми существительными в единственном числе в значении «один, один из…, какой-то».	Употребляется перед исчисляемыми существительными в единственном и множественном числе и перед неисчисляемыми существительными в значении «этот, тот, тот самый».	Употребляется перед исчисляемыми существительными во множественном числе, перед неисчисляемыми существительными, перед именами собственными.

Упр.19. Объясните употребление артиклей в следующих предложениях.

1. I want to buy a toy for the baby. 2. You can see a magazine and a newspaper on the table. 3. His brother is a student. 4. The girl is from Canada. 5. Give me a cup of tea and a sandwich, please. 6. They are good teachers. 7. His friends work in England. 8. We have a grandfather and two grandmothers. 9. Pass me the sugar, please. 10. The question is very difficult for me.

Упр. 20. Заполните пропуски артиклями, где это необходимо.

1. Kate is … student. She is … good student. Her friends are … students too. 2. This is … red cup and that is … yellow cup. Give me … cups, please. 3. Please, take … pen and write! Now put … pen on the table and listen to me. 4. I have … brother. He is … doctor. Our parents … teachers. 5. There are … books on the shelf. …books are interesting. 6. We usually have … coffee for breakfast. But today we have … tea, because … coffee is too hot for us. 7. What’s that? – It’s … pencil. … pencil is long. 8. This is … street. I can see many … cars and … buses in … street.

V. Степени сравнения прилагательных.

Положительная степень	Сравнительная степень	Превосходная степень
strong cold easy narrow   interesting famous     good bad little many (much) old far	1. Односложные и двусложные прилагательные, оканчивающиеся на –y, -er, -ow.   stronger colder easier narrower   2. Двусложные и многосложные прилагательные.   more interesting more famous   3. Прилагательные-исключения   better worse less more older (elder) farther (further)	the strongest the coldest the easiest the narrowest   the most interesting the most famous     the best the worst the least the most the oldest (the eldest) the farthest (the furthest)

Упр. 22. Образуйте сравнительную и превосходную степень следующих прилагательных.

Short, long, wide, comfortable, dirty, clean, good, dark, clever, difficult, expensive, light, many, bad, rich, cheerful, old, silly, tall, beautiful, strange, lazy, much, hopeful, thick, thin, narrow, careful, little, weak, happy, dangerous, young, far, big, friendly, active, popular, hot, busy, pleasant, high, intelligent, low, heavy, necessary.

Упр. 23. Раскройте скобки, употребив нужную степень прилагательного.

1. Winter is (cold) season of the year. 2. Moscow is (large) than St. Petersburg. 3. Which is (long) day of the year? 4. It is one of (important) questions of our conference. 5. We have (little) interest in this work than you. 6. I am (young) in my group. 7. I have many friends but Peter is (good) of them. 8. This exercise is (difficult) than that one. 9. London is (old) than Moscow. 10. The 22^nd of December is (short) day in the year. 11. This book is (expensive) than that one. 12. My (old) brother has two children. 13. To go by train is (cheap) than by plane. 14. Health is (good) than wealth. 15. Where is (beautiful), in the mountains or near the sea?

Упр. 25. Вставьте as...as или not so... as.

1. This girl is... beautiful... her mother. 2. The days in winter are... long... in summer. 3. The Baltic Sea is... warm... the Black Sea. 4. Mary is... lazy... her brother. 5. I am... thin... you. 6. During the holidays the students are... busy... during the academic year. 7. The English language is... difficult... the German language. 8. This writer is... famous... Jack London. 9. Her cat is... old... mine. 10. A football match is... exciting... a hockey match.

Упр. 26. Составьте предложения, употребив сравнительные конструкции.

A. Model: teacher — doctor — important.

The profession of a teacher is as important as the profession of a doctor.

1. book — film — interesting 2. brother — sister — tall 3. July — August — warm 4. daughter — mother — beautiful 5. sofa — armchair — comfortable 6. Ann — Nelly — pretty 7. lion — tiger — dangerous 8. he — she — clever.

B. Model: English — Latin — difficult English is not so difficult as Latin.

1. spring — summer — hot 2. silver — gold — expensive 3. meat — vegetables — useful 4. the Moon — the Sun — bright 5. train — car — fast 6. I — my friend — hardworking 7. lake — sea — deep 8. cats — dogs — intelligent.

Упр. 27. Переведите на английский язык.

1. Этот дом такой же высокий, как тот. 2. Сегодня вода в реке не такая тёплая, как вчера. 3. Его бабушка не такая старая, как дедушка. 4. Он такой же сильный, как его брат. 5. Державин не такой знаменитый, как Пушкин. 6. Темза такая же красивая, как Нева. 7. Ноябрь не такой холодный, как январь. 8. Ты не такой умный, как папа. 9. Его машина такая же комфортабельная, как и твоя. 10. Упражнение 2 такое же трудное, как и упражнение 3.

V. Типы предложений

Побудительные предложения.

Утвердительные предложения (просьба, приказание)

Open the door! Sit down, please!

Отрицательные предложения (запрет)

Don't open the door!

Don't sit down, please!

Упр. 28. Прочтите, переведите и выполните действия.

1. Take the book. 2. Open it. 3. Give me the book, please. 4. Bring her the book. 5. Look at the book. 6. Open these books and don't close them, please.

Упр. 29. Измените предложения так, чтобы они стали отрицательными.

1. Open the windows. 2. Read the text. 3. Take your bag. 4. Look at Mary. 5. Listen to your friend. 6. Close the door. 7. Stand up. 8. Take a chair. 9. Sit down. 10. See this film. 11. Take a taxi. 12. Forget about it.

Упр. 30. Переведите на английский язык.

1. Открой книгу и читай текст. 2. Возьми ручку и пиши. 3. Не смотрите на доску. 4. Слушайте Мэри, пожалуйста. 5. Не закрывай окно. 6. Возьмите стул, пожалуйста, и садитесь. 7. Прочтите текст дома, не читайте его сейчас. 8. Не говорите по-русски, пожалуйста, говорите по-английски. 9. Закройте книгу и принесите её мне. 10. Не смотри этот фильм, иди спать.

Упр. 31. Составьте пять побудительных предложений.

Порядок слов в повествовательном предложении.

Подлежащее	Сказуемое	Дополнение	Обстоятельства (места, времени)
They	study	English	at the University twice a week.

Упр. 32. Составьте предложения, обращая внимание на порядок слов.

1. see, I, people, many.

2. is, a, it, day, fine.

3. is, best, she, friend, my.

4. leam, different, students, our, subjects.

5. the, is, Russia, of, the, in, country, the, one, largest, world.

6. in, the, we, city, live, a, flat, in, of, centre, the.

7. a, write, once a week, my, letter, to, I, parents.

8. bus, a, when, the, take, University, we, to, we, go.

VI. Времена английского глагола

Present Simple (настоящее простое время).

Употребление	Сигнальные слова
Глаголы в форме Present Simple представляют действие как факт и употребляются для выражения обычных, повторяющихся, регулярных действий, происходящих вообще в настоящем времени.	usually often seldom never sometimes every (week,year.Sunday, etc.) from time to time

Утвердительные предложения	Отрицательные предложения	Вопросительные предложения
I work Не works She works It works We work You work They work	I do not (don't) work He does not (doesn't) work She does not (doesn't) work It does not (doesn't) work We do not (don't) work You do not (don't) work They do not (don't) work	Do I work? Does he work? Does she work? Does it work? Do we work? Do you work? Do they work?

Упр. 33. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present Simple.

1). 1. My mother (to cook) very well. 2. T (to walk) to the office every morning. 3. Henry always (to swim) in the evening. 4. John (to want) to see you. 5. We usually (to speak) English in class. 6. This boy often (to play) football after school. 7. My parents usually (to have) holidays in summer. 8. Kate (to study) French at the University. 9. They (to visit) their grandparents every summer. 10. Her father (to come) home very late.

2). My working day (to begin) at seven o'clock. I (to get) up, (to switch) on the radio and (to do) my morning exercises. It (to take) me fifteen minutes. At half past seven we (to have) breakfast. My farther and I (to leave) home at eight o'clock. My mother (to be) a doctor, she (to leave) home at nine o'clock- In the evening we (to gather) in the living-room. We (to watch) TV and (to talk).

Упр. 34. Составьте предложения, обращая внимание на порядок слов.

1. The, month, go, theatre, to, we, every. 2. Coffee, like, he, doesn't, tea, likes, he. 3. Her, about, never, she, childhood, us, tells. 4. She, the, does, French, University, at, teach? 5. Come, always, they, o'clock, before, home, ten. 6. Usually, I, to, library, don't, the, go. 7. The, football, in, yard, often, boys, do, the, play? 8. He, exams, worries, his, about, sometimes.

Упр. 35. Образуйте отрицательную и вопросительную форму предложений.

1. Ann lives in the centre of Moscow. 2. They spend their holidays in the country. 3. You listen to the radio every day. 4. My friend knows many English words. 5. We sometimes have dinner at the cafe. 6. She always takes a shower in the morning. 7. The teacher always speaks English to us. 8. They often play chess in the evening. 9. She visits a doctor twice a month. 10. You get to the University by bus.

Упр. 36. Переведите на английский язык, употребляя глаголы в Present Simple.

1. Я изучаю английский и французский языки. 2. Моя мама обычно слушает радио утром. 3. Он не играет в шахматы. 4. Мои друзья часто ходят в кино. 5. Она делает зарядку каждый день? 6. Эти девочки не работают, они учатся. 7. — Твоя сестра говорит по-французски? — Нет. Она говорит по-немецки, а её муж говорит по-английски. 8. Этот мальчик любит читать и не любит смотреть телевизор. 9. — Вы ходите в театр? — Да. Мы ходим в театр каждый месяц. 10. Я не пишу письма своим родителям, но я часто навещаю их.

VII. Порядок слов в вопросительных предложениях. Типы вопросов

Тип вопроса	Порядок слов	Пример
1. Общий (вопрос ко всему предложению, требует ответа «да» или «нет». 2. Специальный (вопрос к какому-нибудь члену предложения, требует конкретного ответа. а) вопрос к подлежащему     б) вопрос к другим членам предложения     3. Альтернативный     4. Разделительный вопрос (..., не так ли?)	Вспомогательный глагол + подлежащее + смысловой глагол +...?   Вопросительное слово + смысловой глагол (в 3 лице ед.ч. +...? Вопросительное слово + вспомогательный глагол + подлежащее + смысловой глагол +...? Вспомогательный глагол + подлежащее + смысловой глагол +...? Подлежащее + смысловой глагол +…, вспомогательный глагол + not + подлежащее (выраженное местоимением)	Does he study at the University?     Who studies at the University?     Where does he study?   Does he study at the University or at school?   He studies at the University, doesn't he?

Запомните вопросительные слова, с которых начинаются специальные вопросы!
Who (кто) Whom (кого) What (что) Which (который) Whose (чей) When (когда)	Where (где) Why (почему) How long (как долго) How much (сколько) How many (сколько) How (как)

Упр. 37. Поставьте общие вопросы к следующим предложениям.

1. Our teacher knows two foreign languages. 2. After supper they usually watch TV. 3. Harry goes to his office by bus. 4. You always do your morning exercises. 5. Mr. Brown often works in his garden in the evening. 6. They have many English books at home. 7. The boys usually play football in the yard. 8. Sometimes Helen gets up at 6 o'clock in the morning.

Упр. 38. Поставьте специальные вопросы к подчёркнутым словам.

1. They often go to the cinema on Sundays. 2. Her friend reads books before sleeping. 3. Harry gets to London by train because he lives in the suburbs. 4. Tom has two children. 5. I often meet Ann on my way home. 6. We usually spend our weekends in the villa ge.

Упр. 39. Поставьте альтернативный вопрос к подчёркнутому слову.

Model: He usually watches TV in the evening (in the morning).

Does he usually watch TV in the evening or in the morning?

1. You have many friends in Moscow (few). 2. His father leaves home early (late). 3. Our students have lunch after classes (before classes). 4. She visits her parents every month (every week). 5. They spend their holidays in the country (at the seaside). 6. My friend gets to the University by bus (by car). 7. His mother knows English (German). 8. Her sisters work at school (in the kindergarten).

Упр. 40. Поставьте разделительные вопросы к следующим предложениям.

1. His friend lives in St. Petersburg. 2. Sometimes you work in the library after classes. 3. The students usually leave the University late. 4. Your classes usually begin at 3 p.m. 5. Harry has a family of his own. 6. You often have lunch at the cafe. 7. She speaks English well. 8. The children walk to school every morning.

Упр. 41. Переведите на английский язык.

1. Вы встаёте рано или поздно? 2. После занятий она идёт домой или в библиотеку? 3. Ваш друг изучает английский или французский язык? 4. Ты учишься или работаешь? 5. Вы знаете этого человека, не правда ли? 6. Он преподаёт историю, не так ли? 7. Твой брат живёт в Москве, не так ли? 8. Она любит играть в шахматы? — Нет, не любит. 9. Ты часто ходишь в театр? — Да, я хожу в театр два раза в месяц. 10. Её муж разговаривает по-английски? — Нет, не разговаривает. 11. Когда твой отец возвращается домой? — Он возвращается в семь. 12. Где вы учитесь? — Я учусь в университете. 13. Кто живёт в этом доме? — Тут живёт моя бабушка. 14. Как часто вы моете машину? — Я мою её каждую неделю.

Упр. 42. Придумайте 5 вопросов разных типов и задайте их друг другу. Работайте в парах.

VIII. Времена английского глагола

Present Continuous (настоящее длительное время).

Употребление	Сигнальные слова
Глаголы в форме Present Continuous употребляются для выражения действия, длящегося в настоящий момент или период	now at the moment at present

Утвердительные предложения	Отрицательные предложения	Вопросительные предложения
I am working He is working She is working It is working We are working You are working They are working	I am not working He is not (isn't) working She is not (isn't) working It is not (isn't) working We are not (aren't) working You are not (aren't) working They are not (aren't) working	Am I working? Is he working? Is she working? Is it working? Are we working? Are you working? Are they working?

Упр. 43. Поставьте следующие предложения в отрицательную форму, добавив уточняющую форму.

Model: She is reading now (to write a letter).

She isn't reading. She is writing a letter now.

1. Helen is skating now (to ski). 2. They are playing chess (checkers). 3. The students are going home (to the library). 4. Mother is cooking dinner (to wash dishes in the kitchen). 5. Father is working in the garden (to have a rest). 6. Ann and John are swimming there (to lie in the sun). 7. I am asking you questions (to answer your questions). 8. She is learning new words (a grammar rule). 9. Student Petrov is sitting at his desk (to stand at the blackboard). 10. We are having a meeting (to have an English class).

Упр. 44. Задайте вопросы разных типов к следующим предложениям.

1. The children are playing in the garden. 2. The family is having dinner now. 3. John and Mary are talking on the phone. 4. She is listening to her favourite music. 5. We are doing our homework. 6. He is reading an interesting book. 7. They are waiting for you at the University. 8. She is answering my questions.

Запомните глаголы, которые не употребляются в Present Continuous: tо be, to see, to hear, to feel, to love, to like, to hate, to want, to know, to understand, to remember, to forget, to recognize, to believe, to hope, to have (только в прямом значении «иметь»), to think (только в значении «считать, полагать»)

Упр. 45. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present Continuous или Present Simple.

1. I (to read) a very interesting book now. I usually (to read) a lot. 2. — Where is Alec? — He is in the garden. I think, he (to do) his morning exercises. He often (to do) his morning exercises there. 3. I never (to go) to bed before 11 p.m. It is 12 o'clock, so I (to go) to bed now. 4. Who (to be) that man who (to stand) in the doorway? — It (to be) John, my cousin. 5. You (to hear) what she (to talk) about? 6. What language he (to speak) now? — He (to speak) German, but he also (to know) French. 7. Ruth (to learn) English now because she (to like) learning languages and she (to want) to impress everybody. 8. My grandmother (to be) busy. She (to bake) an apple pie. She (to bake) pies every Sunday.

Упр. 46. Переведите на английский язык.

1. Куда вы идёте? — Я иду в библиотеку. Я всегда хожу туда в это время. 2. Кому вы пишете это письмо? — Сестре. Я пишу ей каждую неделю. 3. Ваш брат дома? — Да. Он занят сейчас. Он делает уроки. 4. Отец дома? — Да, он работает в саду. Он часто там работает в это время. 5. Вы меня понимаете? — Нет, я вас не понимаю. На каком языке вы сейчас говорите? 6. Чем занимается твой друг? — Он учится в университете. — А что он сейчас делает? — Ом читает газету. 7 Я сейчас смотрю на эту картину и вижу красивые цветы. 8. Вечером мы обычно смотрим телевизор или читаем книги, но сейчас мы обсуждаем (to discuss) новый фильм.

Past Simple (прошедшее простое время).

	Сигнальные слова
Глаголы в форме Past Simple представляют действие как факт и употребляются для выражения обычных, повторявшихся, регулярных действий в прошлом.	yesterday ...ago last (year, week, Sunday,...)

Запомните! По способу образования прошедшего времени все глаголы в английском языке делятся на правильные и неправильные. Правильные глаголы образуют простое прошедшее время путём прибавления окончания -ed. Неправильные глаголы меняют свою форму. Их надо запоминать.

Утвердительные предложения	Отрицательные предложения	Вопросительные предложения
I worked (went) Не worked (went) She worked (went) It worked (went) We worked (went) You worked (went) They worked (went)	I didn't work (go) He didn't work (go) She didn't work (go) It didn't work (go) We didn't work (go) You didn't work (go) They didn't work (go)	Did I work (go)? Did he work (go)? Did she work (go)? Did it work (go)? Did we work (go)? Did you work (go)? Did they work (go)?

Упр. 47. Образуйте форму Past Simple следующих глаголов и произнесите их.

tо live, to work, to turn, to love, to discuss, to decide, to study, to wait, to play, to want, to finish, to help, to talk, to tike, to dance, to ask, to listen, to marry, to believe, to change, to translate, to answer.

Упр. 48. Сопоставьте соответствующие друг другу первую и вторую формы неправильных глаголов.

see find buy think teach be read write give take have go come get make feel send tell bring hear

thought came was got told brought saw felt made taught found read heard wrote sent took had bought went gave

Упр. 49. Перепишите следующий текст в прошедшем времени.

On Tuesday I get up at half past six. I go to the bathroom and wash my hands and face and clean my teeth. Then I dress, go to the kitchen and cook breakfast for my family. At half past seven my son gets up and has breakfast. I have breakfast with my son. My son eats a sandwich and drinks a cup of tea. I don't drink tea, I drink coffee. After breakfast my son leaves home for school. I don't leave home with my son. On Tuesday I don't work in the morning. I work in the afternoon. In the evening I am at home. My husband and my son are at home too. We rest in the evening. My son watches TV, my husband reads newspapers and 1 do some work about the house. At about eleven o'clock we go to bed.

Упр. 50. Поставьте следующие предложения в отрицательную и вопросительную формы.

1. I began to study English two years ago. 2. They had dinner at home yesterday. 3. My mother read many books in her childhood. 4. We saw this film last week. 5. They loved each other many years ago. 6. She left her native town last year. 7. I entered school at the age of seven. 8. He met his friend yesterday. 9. The boys played football in the yard. 10. My friend bought this book last week.

Упр. 51. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в форме Present Simple, Past Simple или Present Continuous.

1. Where they (to spend) last month? 2. You (to go) shopping every day? — No, I (to go) shopping three times a week. 3. You (to be) at the theatre yesterday. You (to like) the opera? — Oh, yes, I (to enjoy) it greatly. 4. Look! Kate (to help) her mother about the house. 5. He (not to clean) his room yesterday. He (to be) tired. 6. She (to go) to the south a week ago. 7. Max (not to be) here. He (to wash) his car. He (to wash) it every weekend. 8. Where your farther (to work) last year? 9. My brother (to go) to work every day. He (to leave) home at half past eight. He (to walk) to his office, he (not to take) a bus. Yesterday he (not to go) to work. Yesterday he (to get) up at nine o'clock. 10. Her son (not to do) his lessons now, he (to watch) TV.

Упр. 52. Переведите на английский язык.

1. Что ты купила вчера в магазине? — Я купила новое платье. 2. Что они делали в воскресенье? — Они ходили на прогулку. 3. Когда твой друг вернулся домой? — Вчера он вернулся в семь часов. 4. Когда ты играл в теннис последний раз? — Я играл в теннис прошлым летом. 5. Его дочь окончила школу два года тому назад. 6. Когда вы вчера легли спать? — Я почитал книгу и лёг спать в 11 часов. 7. В прошлом году мы не изучали французский язык. Мы изучали английский. 8. Вчера погода была хорошая, и мы с друзьями пошли в парк.

3. Present Perfect (настоящее завершённое время).

Употребление	Сигнальные слова
Глаголы в форме Present Perfect обозначают действие, предшествовавшее моменту речи в настоящем и связанное с этим моментом в виде какого-то результата или в виде указания периода времени, который еще не закончился.	1. нет указания на время. 2. just, already, ever, never, lately, yet, since. 3. today, this week (month, year).

Утвердительные предложения	Отрицательные предложения	Вопросительные предложения
I have worked (gone) He has worked (gone) She has worked (gone) It has worked (gone) We have worked (gone) You have worked (gone) They have worked (gone)	I have not worked (gone) He has not worked (gone) She has not worked (gone) It has not worked (gone) We have not worked (gone) You have not worked (gone) They have not worked (gone)	Have I worked (gone)? Has he worked (gone)? Has she worked (gone)? Has it worked (gone)? Have we worked (gone)? Have you worked (gone)? Have they worked (gone)?

Упр. 53 Назовите три формы следующих неправильных глаголов.

tо be, to become, to begin, to bring, to buy, to come, to do, to drink, to eat, to fall, to feel, to forget, to give, to go, to hear, to know, to leave, to make, to meet, to read, to see, to send, to show, to sit, to sleep, to stand, to take, to teach, to think, to write.

Упр. 54. Постройте предложения по образцам, используя слова, данные в скобках.

I have seen him today.

(to meet her — lately, to go to the cinema — this week, to go to the country — this month, to read many English books — this year, to speak to him —- today)

I haven't seen him since 1999.

(to speak to my friend — last month, to go to the theatre — last year, to hear from them — last spring, to read English books — May, to translate from Russian into English — I left school)

Have you ever been to London? No, I have never been to London.

(to New York, Paris, Berlin, Washington, Tokyo, Novosibirsk, Kiev)

Who has taken my book?

(to break the glass, to leave a bag, to turn off the light, to switch on TV, to take my pencil)

What have you brought?

(to lose, to find, to leave, to do, to prepare, to send, to read, to translate)

Упр. 55. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в форме Present Perfect или Past Simple.

1. We just (to come) home but our children (to come) home an hour ago. 2. Jane (not to be) to the cinema this week. 3. They (to live) in France since 1990. 4. He (to stop) smoking some years ago. 5. You (to write) a letter to your friend today? 6. You (to send) him a telegram last week? 7. She just (to go) out. 8. She (to leave) the room a moment ago. 9. I never (to speak) to him. 10. You (to buy) the tickets? —- Yes, I (to buy) them several days ago. 11. Is Father at home? — No, he (not to come) yet. 12. You ever (to be) to St. Petersburg? — Yes, I (to go) there last winter. 13. He already (to do) the translation? He only (to begin) it 20 minutes ago. 14. They (to read) "Ivanhoe" by Walter Scott a month ago. What about you? You (to read) "Ivanhoe?

Упр. 56. Переведите на английский язык, употребляя глаголы в форме Present Perfect или Past Simple.

I. Сегодня я отправила две телеграммы. 2. Она была во Франции? — Нет, она никогда не была в этой стране. 3. Мой друг вчера вернулся домой в семь часов. 4. Вы уже видели этот фильм? — Да, я видел его на прошлой неделе. 5. Моя подруга звонила мне сегодня? — Нет, она ещё не звонила. 6. Ты уже прочитал эту книгу? — Да, я прочитал её неделю назад. 7. Я работаю здесь с сентября. 8. Анна получила новую квартиру. — Ты видел её? — Да. Я был там на прошлой неделе.

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