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Example. I was made to study hard when I was at school. - They made me study hard when I was at school.
1. If I take the job, I'll have to move to Paris. - Taking the job …
2. It's very kind of you to give me a lift. - I appreciate …
3. It might be a good idea to use honey instead of sugar. - Why don't you try …
4. I'm quite happy to look after the baby for you. - I don't mind…
5. I must see the manager! - I demand …
6. ‘Go on Jack, apply for the job,’ said Sally. - Sally encouraged…
7. You wouldn't know where the Hilton Hotel is, would you? - Do you happen …
8. Parking is not permitted here. - You are …
9. 'Shall I carry that bag for you, John?' said Pauline. - Pauline offered …
10. Is that the manager? I have a complaint about my room. - Is that the manager? I wish …
11. You’ll waste time if you copy your work out again. - Don't …
12. I bet you wouldn't ask David to come with you to the party! - I dare …
13. Brenda really hates staying in expensive hotels. - Brenda can't …
14. 'Please don't leave me on my own,' Martin begged us. - Martin begged …
15. If you work for this company, you have to travel a lot. - Working for this company involves...
16. Joe doesn't like it when people treat him like a child. - Joe resents …
17. You should go to the dentist's at once. - Don't put off …
18. It was resolved that the matter would be brought up at the next meeting. - They resolved …
19. The police were told that the use of unnecessary force was forbidden. - The police were instructed...
TASK 32. Use the verbs in brackets in the correct gerund or infinitive form.
It all began about three years ago. A friend suggested __________ (to enter) a photo competition – for fun. At the time, I wasn’t interested in ________ (to become) a photographic model – I wanted _________ (to train) as a hairdresser. Well, I won the competition and did a course in _________ (to model). It was great fun, we learnt a lot more than just __________ (to walk) up and down and _________ (to put) on make up. Then I got my first job, as a model in a small London fashion house. After that, I did some television commercials. By this time I found that my job had changed my life. I had to give up ________ (to smoke) and __________ (to eat) my favourite foods. I couldn’t risk _________ (to catch) a cold. I had to stop _________ (to go) to bed late, this was difficult, because I was fond of __________ (to go) to parties and I wasn’t used _________ (to get) up early. I sometimes hated _________ (to stand) in front of cameras for hours. But now I’m used to it. I enjoy _________ (to travel) and __________ (to meet) interesting people, and I must __________ (to admit) I like _________ (to wear) expensive clothes.
TASK 33. Explain the differences in meaning in the following pairs of sentences.
1. to regret
a) I regret to say that we have decided not to offer you the job.
b) I regret saying that I don’t like your new boyfriend.
2. to try
a) I’ve tried to open the bonnet, but it seems to be stuck.
b) Have you tried cleaning the spark plugs?
3. to remember
a) He remembered seeing Jane on the way back from work.
b) She remembered to send her mother a birthday card.
4. to go on
a) The professor mentioned Boticelli, and went on to talk about the Reneissance.
b) He went on talking about himself for hours and hours.
5. to forget
a) I’ll never forget seeing the Taj Mahal for the first time.
b) She was angry with him for forgetting to lock the back door.
6. to stop
a) I think we ought to stop to have something to eat soon.
b) They stopped going out in the evening when they had their first child.
7. to dread
a) I dread to think what he is going to say when he sees what you’ve done to the car.
b) She dreaded meeting her ex-husband even accidentally.
a) Your business is a complete shambles – the whole thing needs reorganizing.
b) I need to have a word in you ear. It’s about your trip to Italy next week.
a) I meant to write him a letter of condolence, but I never got round to it.
b) If you do join the Navy, it’ll mean being away from home for months on end.
a) Everyone helped to make the village look its best for the Prime Minister’s visit.
b) I can’t help feeling that you are making a terrible mistake.
TASK 34. Read the sentences and choose the right answer.
1. John has stopped to talk to Mary. Is he talking to her at the moment?
a) Yes b) No c) Not clear
2. John has stopped talking to her at the moment. Is he talking to her at the moment?
a) Yes b) No c) Not clear
3. Do you remember putting this cake in the washing machine? Is there a cake in the washing machine?
a) Yes b) No c) Not clear
4. Did you remember to put the cake in the washing machine? Is there a cake in the washing machine?
a) Yes b) No c) Not clear
5. “I’ve got hiccups”. - “Try holding your breath”. Does “try” mean “see if you can do it” here?
a) Yes b) No c) Not clear
6. How long can you hold your breath? Try to hold it for two minutes. Does “try” mean “see if you can do it” here?
a) Yes b) No c) Not clear
TASK 35. Complete the sentences by putting the verbs into either the infinitive or the gerund form. Add a preposition if necessary.
1. I’ve always regretted _________ (not to learn) to play the piano at school.
2. He became an MP in 1983 and went on __________(to become) Prime Minister three years later.
3. I dread _________ (to think) what he’s going to say when he finds out I’ve crashed the car.
4. It’s a very beautiful cottage, but it needs __________ (to modernize).
5. The house is a wreck; if you buy it, it’ll mean __________(to live) in chaos for months.
6. I’m sure a good holiday will help __________(to make) you feel more relaxed.
7. I didn’t mean _________ (to cause) you so much trouble.
8. This new job of mine means _________ (to put up) with inconvenient hours of work at first.
9. Did you remember _________ (to thank) your aunt for the present?
10. She has always regretted ________ (not to travel) round the world when she was younger. Now I regret __________ (to tell) you that she is too ill to travel.
11. I’m sorry. I forgot __________ (to post) the letter. – What a shame, I remember __________ (to ask) you to do it.
12. I'm really serious __________ (to buy) this house. The question is if I can afford __________ (to buy) it.
13. I'm ashamed I forgot _______ (to tell) you that he's not capable ________ (to take) responsibility.
14. They are very anxious _______ (to please), but I am afraid I don’t feel qualified _______ (to say) that their proposals are not worth _______ (to consider).
15. My boss omitted _______ (to tell) me that even though I finished _______ (to type) all his post, I still wouldn’t be allowed _______ (to leave) before 5 o’clock.
16. My father needs _______ (to take) our car to the garage because its brakes need _______ (to adjust).
17. Jack wouldn’t even consider _______ (to allow) us _______ (to pay) for ourselves.
18. I really resented his _______ (to say) that to me and I can’t forgive him _______ (to treat) me like that.
19. I have succeeded _______ (to get) in touch with Mr. Philips and asked him _______ (to contact) you.
20. You’d better _______ (to tell) the headmaster the truth before he forbids all of us _______ (to go) to the camp.
TASK 36. Rewrite each sentence so that it included the word in capitals without changing the meaning. Follow the example.
Example: I'm sorry I didn't go to university. REGRET
I regret not going / not having gone to university.
1. Winning the football pools meant we could buy a new car. ENABLED
2. There is a risk that he will miss the plane if he waits. RISKS
3. I believed you were the murderer because of this clue. LED
4. Does using the hotel swimming pool cost extra? PAYING
I think that this is the right street. APPEARS
6. Jean succeeded in finishing all her work on time. MANAGED
7. They said they would like me to stay with them in Florida. INVITED
8. Calling Jim is pointless, because his phone is out of order. USE
9. It is compulsory for all students to leave cash deposit. REQUIRED
TASK 37. Use the right form of the infinitive or the gerund of the verbs in brackets. Add prepositions if necessary.
1. I no longer feel in the least like __________ (to bungee jump). It’s not my cup of tea.
2. Sheila wanted to _________the truth and nothing could stop her ________ (to know) it.
3. You’ll have to wait for ages for another driving test if you fail _________(to pass) it this time.
4. The people in the flat below have refused _________ (to join) the Residents’ Association.
5. Katy doesn’t really enjoy ________ (to sing) in public.
6. Jill thinks we should phone our boss now, but John suggests ________ (to phone) later.
7. I don’t want to join the Townsends on holiday, I can’t afford _________ (to spend) my money the way they do.
8. Imagine his _________ (to tell) the chef how to cook an omelette!
9. I’d like to watch you __________ (to cook). It’s such a rare sight!
10. I couldn't resist _________ (to go) to see that new exhibition at the National Gallery.
11. Please forgive my _________ (to mention) it, but I think you're sitting on my hat.
12. I refuse _________ (to accept) the idea of selling that painting, it's been in my family for generations.
13. I've heard that Tom intends _________ (to invest) in 1980s furniture which is becoming very collectable.
14. I was completely taken aback _________ (to learn) that my old vase was quite valuable.
15. Do you think it's worth _________ (to travel) all the way to Paris to see the Cezanne exhibition?
16. What the designer omitted _________ (to mention) was the price she wants for the commission.
17. I have arranged for you _________ (to borrow) that art book rather than have the expense of buying it.
18. Would you mind _________ (to tidy) up your room a bit before you go out, please?
19. I can't face _________ (to listen) to another hour of this concert, I'm going home!
20. I can't be bothered _________ (to catch) the bus, let's take a taxi.
21. Should you happen _________ (to see) Phil, could you tell him I'm looking for him?
22. I'm inclined _________ (to agree) with my father, who has no time for Picasso.
23. I resent your _________ (to suggest) that my work is not original.
24. Does Molly envisage _________ (to visit) the Prado while she's in Madrid?
25. Like many other artists, Joshua cannot tolerate _________ (to criticize).
26. Is Gail counting on _________ (to get) a grant when she goes to art school?
27. Jason often pretends _________ (to be) unemployed, but actually he's a graphic designer.
28. Don't attempt _________ (to take) that picture out of its frame, you might damage it.
29. Alison generally appreciates _________ (to be) told when her work is not up to standard.
TASK 38. Choose the correct form of the verbs.
It is sometimes said that there is nothing new in the world of fashion. Annabelle was a well-known model during the seventies. When her children were in their early teens they wereenjoying/usedto enjoy looking at her old photo albums. They werefinding/found it hard to believe that she was wearing/used to wear such strange clothes. Did people really use to think/Were people really thinking flared trousers looked good? And those ugly platform shoes! She was admitting/admitted that people wereoftenfalling/often used to fall over because the heels were so high. In the early nineties, however, Annabelle noticed to her amazement that seventies styles were/used to be in fashion again. ‘I planned/was planning to throw all my old clothes away’, she said, ‘but my daughter went to a party last week, and guess what she used to wear/was wearing - that’s right, some of my old clothes!’
TASK 39. Mira has written a composition about her childhood. She knows that she often makes mistakes with verb constructions using the infinitive or gerund and she asked you to check her work before she hands it in.
When I was a child I always wanted riding a horse although my parents would not allow me to have riding lessons because they said they could not afford letting me have them. Also my mother said it was dangerous and she did not want me to risk to break my neck. One day, my best friend got some money for her birthday and she offered paying for a lesson for us both. I thanked her for being so kind and we arranged having a lesson the following Saturday. I did not consider to tell my parents our plans because I thought they would prevent me to have the lesson. I enjoyed to ride very much until the horse I was on felt like to gallop. Off it went across the field and I did not know how to stop it. Suddenly it decided stopping and I fell off. I had broken my arm. Of course, I could not deny to have been riding to my parents and my father accused me to be deceitful. It was not a happy day for me and somehow I have never felt like going on a horse again.
TASK 40. Fill in the gaps with either gerund or infinitive. Add prepositions wherever necessary.
1. She walked out of the office without ________ (to say) goodbye.
2. They made her ________ (to type) the letter again.
3. She has gone to the post office ________ (to buy) some stamps.
4. You're too young ________ (to stay) at home by yourself.
5. He opened the door only ________ (to see) that the room was empty.
6. What a stupid thing to do! Can you imagine anybody ________ (to be) so stupid?
7. Sarah gave up ________ (to try) to find a job in this country and decided ________ (to go) abroad.
8. It was so ridiculous that I couldn’t resist ________ (to laugh) outright.
9. The secretary asked if I would mind ________ (to wait) for a few minutes.
10. The way to learn a foreign language is to practise ________ (to speak) it as often as possible.
11. Everyone said how much they had enjoyed ________ (to listen) to the speech.
12. When you’ve finished this book you can tell me if it’s worth ________ (to read).
13. He was very lucky to escape ________ (to send) to prison.
14. She was so upset that she couldn’t help ________ (to cry).
15. The teacher said he would not tolerate my ________ (to be) late every day.
16. The question is so trivial it hardly justifies our ________ (to waste) any more time discussing it.
17. I hardly dare ________ (to ask) how much it cost!
18. Have you ever contemplated ________ (to take) a year off work?
19. I didn't like the town at first, but I got used ________ (to love) it eventually.
20. What do you suggest ________ (to do) after this course has finished?
21. As soon as Shells finished ________ (to tell) the joke, everyone burst out ________ (to laugh).
22. Jim and I arranged________ (to meet) at 6.00 but he didn't turn up.
23. It so happened that we won't need________ (to pay) so much after all.
24. I can't wait for Saturday.' I'm really looking forward ________ (to see) you!
25. I can't face ________ (to get) up at 6.30 tomorrow morning! I'll catch a later train.
26. The government decided ________ (to reduce) inflation by strict control of the economy.
27. I couldn't actually afford ________ (to live) in a place like that!
28. The arrested man denied________ (to be) anywhere near the bank.
29. Carol begged the customs officer ________ (to ignore) the gold bars in her bag.
30. Did you notice anyone ________ (to wait) for me when you passed my office?
31. We agreed ________ (to split) the cost of all the bills.
32. I was hurrying ________ (to get) to the station when I fell and injured my knee.
33. We strongly recommendall clients ________ (to take) out their own travel insurance.
34. I don't remember ________ (to turn) off the gas, now you mention it.
35. Margaret doesn't really dare ________(to ask) staff to work overtime on Friday.
TASK 41. Read the letter below and put the verbs into the correct form.
Dear Ruth,
Thank you very much for the lovely present you sent for Laurie. It was very kind of you. You say in your note that you haven’t got used _________ (to be) an aunt yet. I used _________ (to think) that becoming a father wouldn’t change me. I was wrong, of course! Life will never be the same again. We used ________ (to go) to bed at midnight or later. Now we’re asleep by ten because we’ve had to get used ________ (to wake) up at five o’clock.
Actually, that’s quite good in a way. I always used _________ (to arrive) late at the office, but since Laurie was born my secretary has got used _________ (to find) me hard at work by the time she gets in!
Mind you, it hasn’t been so easy for Jenny. I think she found it very hard at first, _________ (to be) with the baby instead of _________ (to go) to work. She wasn’t used _________ (to spend) all day without adult company. But she’s got quite friendly with a neighbor who also has a young baby and I think that makes it easier. She used _________ (to say) she’d go back to work when Laurie was six months old, but now that she’s used _________ (to be) at home she’s beginning to enjoy herself, so she may wait until Laurie is a bit older.
Anyway, when do you think you’ll be able to come and see us? Jenny says hurry up while Laurie is still small. We’d love a visitor to show her off to!
All the best,
Dennis.
APPENDIX: VERBALS (2010-2011)
INFINITIVE AND GERUND
| Contents | page | |
| Verbs followed immediately by the infinitive | ||
| Verbs followed by either gerunds or infinitives without any change in meaning | ||
| Verbs followed by a noun/pronoun + infinitive | ||
| Adjectives followed by infinitives | ||
| Set expressions used with infinitives | ||
| Verbs commonly used with the gerund | ||
| Adjectives always used with the gerund | ||
| Verbs with prepositions commonly used with the gerund | ||
| Set phrases with prepositions commonly used with the gerund | ||
| Adjectives followed by a preposition + gerund | ||
| Gerunds after certain nouns with prepositions | ||
| Gerunds after prepositions | ||
| Infinitives and gerunds used with difference in meaning |
I. Verbs followed immediately by the infinitive
| Verbs | Examples |
| to afford | I can't afford to buy it. |
| to agree | They agreed to help us. |
| to appear | Sue appears to be tired. |
| to arrange | I'll arrange to meet you at the airport |
| to ask | He asked to come with us. |
| to attempt | Do not attempt to repair the computer yourself. |
| to beg | He begged to come with us. |
| to bother | He didn’t even bother to ask for permission. |
| to care | I don't care to see that show. |
| to choose | We chose to go by train. |
| to claim | She claims to know a famous movie star. |
| to consent | She finally consented to marry him. |
| to decide | I have decided to leave on Monday. |
| to demand | I demand to know who is responsible. |
| to deserve | She deserves to win the prize. |
| to endeavour (=to try) | I will endeavour to do my best for my country. |
| to expect | I expect to enter graduate school in the fall. |
| to fail | She failed to return the book to the library on time. |
| to guarantee | The bank guaranteed to pay all his debts. |
| to hesitate | Don't hesitate to ask for my help. |
| to hope | Jack hopes to arrive next week. |
| to intend | Most of these students intend to continue their education at university. |
| to lead to | This has led scientists to speculate on the existence of other galaxies. |
| to learn | He learned to play the piano. |
| to long for | I’m longing to see you again. |
| to manage | We managed to get to the airport in time. |
| to neglect | She neglected to mention the name of her previous employer. |
| to offer | They offered to help us. |
| to omit | She omitted to mention that they were staying the night. |
| to plan | I am planning to throw a party when I come back from my holiday. |
| to prepare | We prepared to welcome them. |
| to pretend | He pretends not to understand. |
| to promise | I promise not to be late. |
| to refuse | I refuse to believe his story. |
| to resolve | He resolved not to tell her the truth. |
| to seem | Your cat seems to be friendly. |
| to struggle | He struggled to stay awake. |
| to swear | She swore to tell the truth. |
| to threaten | She threatened to tell my parents about that. |
| to volunteer | He volunteered to help us. |
| to wait | I will wait to hear from you. |
| to want | I want to tell you something. What do you want to do tomorrow? |
| to wish | She wishes to come with us. This course is designed for people wishing to update their computer skills. |
II. Verbs followed by either gerunds or infinitives without any change in meaning
| Verbs | Examples |
| can’t stand | Lily can't stand working in an office. She can't stand to hear them arguing. |
| to bear (can’t bear) | I can’t bear having /to have cats in the house. |
| to begin | Have you begun reading / to read the book yet? |
| to bother | He didn’t even bother to let me know he was coming. Why bother asking if you’re not really interested? |
| to cease | You never cease to amaze me! The company ceased trading in June. |
| to continue | Will you continue attending / to attend these classes? |
| to encourage | Banks actively encourage people to borrow money. / Banks actively encourage people’s borrowing money. |
| to endure | He can’t endure to be / being defeated. |
| to intend | I intended to pay for all the damage done. We intend looking at the situation again. |
| to start | It started raining /to rain. |
III. Verbs followed by a noun/pronoun + infinitive
| Verbs | Examples |
| to advise smb to do smth | She advised me to wait until tomorrow. |
| to allow smb to do smth | She allowed me to use her car. |
| to ask smb to do smth | I asked John to help us. |
| to beg smb to do smth | They begged us to come. |
| to cause smb to do smth | Her laziness caused her to fail. |
| to challenge smb to do smth | She challenged me to race her to the corner. |
| to convince smb to do smth | I couldn't convince Ann to accept our help. |
| to dare smb to do smth | He dared me to do better than he had done. |
| to encourage smb to do smth | He encouraged me to try again. |
| to expect smb to do smth | I expect you to be on time. |
| to forbid smb to do smth | I forbid you to call him. |
| to force smb to do smth | They forced him to tell the truth. |
| to hire smb to do smth | She hired a boy to mow the lawn. |
| to instruct smb to do smth | He instructed them to be careful. |
| to invite smb to do smth | Harry invited the Johnsons to come to his party |
| to order smb to do smth | The judge ordered me to pay a fine. |
| to permit smb to do smth | He permitted the children w stay up late. |
| to persuade smb to do smth | I persuaded him to come for a visit. |
| to remind smb to do smth | She reminded me to lock the door. |
| to require smb to do smth | Our teacher requires us to be on time. |
| to teach smb to do smth | My brother taught me to swim. |
| to tell smb to do smth | The doctor told me to take these pills. |
| to urge smb to do smth | I urged her to apply for the job. |
| to want smb to do smth | I want you to be happy. |
| to warn smb to do smth | I warned you not to drive too fast. |
IV. Adjectives followed by the infinitive
| Adjectives | Examples |
| to be anxious | She was anxious to finish school and get a job. |
| to be delighted | In other circumstances Ronni would have been delighted to chat with them. |
| to be glad | I’m glad to hear you’re feeling better. |
| to be inclined | Commandos are inclined to shoot first and ask questions later. |
| to be happy | We are happy to announce the engagement of our daughter. |
| to be pleased | I'm pleased to tell you that you've got the job. |
| to be sad | I was very sad to hear that he had died. |
V. Set expressions used with the infinitive
| Set expressions | Examples |
| let alone + bare inf | The baby can't even sit up yet, let alone walk! |
| can/ can’t / could / couldn’t but + bare inf | What could he do but forgive her? She couldn’t but let him know her telephone number. |
| to be taken aback | I was taken aback to find an elderly woman sitting inside the door of the men's room. |
VI. Verbs commonly used with the gerund
| Verbs | Examples |
| to admit | Brian admitted taking the money. |
| to anticipate | They anticipate moving to another premises by the end of the year. |
| to appreciate | I don’t appreciate being treated like a second-class citizen. |
| to avoid | They built a wall to avoid soil being washed away. |
| can’t face | I can’t face seeing this awful man again. |
| can’t help | I can’t help thinking he knows more than he told us. |
| can’t stand | Mrs. Perry couldn’t stand being kept waiting. |
| to consider | They are considering buying a new car. |
| to contemplate | I have never contemplated living abroad. |
| to delay | He delayed telling her the news waiting for the right moment. |
| to deny | He denies attempting to rob the bank. |
| to detest | They detest seeing each other. |
| to dislike | I dislike being away from my family. |
| to dread | She dreads her husband finding out. |
| to enjoy | He hardly enjoys dealing with these people. |
| to envisage | I can’t envisage her coping with this job. |
| to escape | He narrowly escaped being killed. |
| to excuse | Excuse my interrupting you. |
| to fancy | Do you fancy going out this evening? |
| to feel like | I don’t feel like going out tonight, let’s stay at home and watch a video. |
| to forgive | Forgive my interrupting but I really don’t agree with you. |
| to finish | I finished typing the report just minutes before it was due. |
| to imagine | I can’t imagine him saying that! |
| to intend | Kristen intends staying in Rome for three days. |
| to involve | The test will involve answering 50 question on the topics learnt. |
| to justify | How can they justify asking to pay such huge taxes? |
| to keep | Keep smiling;you look so nice when you smile. |
| to mention | Did she mention attending classes in Oxford? |
| to mind | Do you mind going there instead of me? |
| to miss | She narrowly missed hitting him. |
| to postpone | It was an unpopular decision to postpone building the new hospital. |
| to practise | Practise pronouncing this word correctly. |
| to prevent | Nothing could prevent his (him) speaking against that plan. |
| to propose | How do you propose getting home? |
| to put off | Don’t keep putting off going to the doctor! |
| to recollect | I recollect him (his) saying that it was dangerous. |
| to resent | He bitterly resents being treated like a child. |
| to resist | The bank strongly resisted cutting interest rates. |
| to risk | The conspirators knew they risked being arrested. |
| to spend | The company has spent thousands of pounds updating their computer systems. |
| to suggest | I suggest going in my car. |
| to tolerate | She refused to tolerate being called a liar. |
| to understand | I just can’t understand him taking the money. |
| to quit | If only he could quit smoking! |
VII. Adjectives always used with the gerund
| to be busy | James is busy practicing for the school concert. |
| to be worth | It is worth making an appointment with the doctor before you go. |
VIII. Verbs with prepositions commonly used with the gerund
| Verbs with Prepositions | Examples |
| to accuse smb of | She accused him of lying. |
| to admit to | Brian admitted to taking the money. |
| to aim at | They are aiming at training everyone by the end of the year. |
| to apologize for | Go and apologize for being so rude to your aunt. |
| to approve of | Father doesn’t approve of me leaving school this year. |
| to believe in | I don’t believe in hitting children. |
| to bother about | Don’t bother yourself about making tea. |
| to burst out | Karen burst out laughing. |
| to care for | I don’t care for gardening. |
| to carry on | He carried on peeling the potato. |
| to come of | That comes of eating too much! |
| to come round to | You will eventually come around to thinking about it. |
| to complain of | She complained of being treated in a rude way. |
| to confess to | I must confess to knowing nothing about computers. |
| to consist of (in) | Most of the fieldwork consisted of making tape recordings. |
| to congratulate smb on | You can congratulate yourself on having done an excellent job. |
| to count on | We can’t count on this warm weather lasting long. |
| to decide against | We decided against going to the beach in that weather. |
| to decide on | He eventually decided on telling her. |
| to despair of | They had almost despaired of ever having children. |
| to disapprove of | He strongly disapproved of changing the plans. |
| to dream about (in one’s sleep) | In her sleep she dreamt about becoming a famous singer. |
| to dream of (to think) | I wouldn’t dream of going there without you. |
| to end in | At first they hated each other, but they ended up getting married. |
| to forget about | If I lose my job, we can forget about buying a new car. |
| to forgive smb for | Forgive me for interrupting, but I really don’t agree with that. |
| to feel up to | After the accident she didn’t feel up to driving. |
| to get around to | I hope to get around to answering your letter next week. |
| to get down to | It’s time I got down to thinking about this essay. |
| to give up | You ought to give up riding at your age. |
| to go back to | She decided to go back to teaching. |
| to grumble about | Don’t grumble about being treated in that way. You deserved it. |
| to hesitate about | I didn’t hesitate a moment about taking the job. |
| to insist on | They insist on playing their music late at night. |
| to keep on | Keep on walking until you go to the crossroads. |
| to leave off | He left off playing the piano to answer the door. |
| to mean by | What did she mean by leaving so early? |
| to object to | I really object to being charged for parking. |
| to persist in | Why do you persist in blaming yourself for what happened? |
| to plan on | We hadn’t planned on going anywhere this evening. |
| to prevent from | Nothing would prevent him from speaking against injustice. |
| to put off | He keeps putting off going to the dentist. |
| to reckon on | We reckoned on having good weather. |
| to refrain from | He has refrained from criticising the government in public. |
| to resolve on | We had resolved on making an early start. |
| to return to | She looked up briefly and then returned to her sewing. |
| to result in (from) | These policies resulted in many elderly and disabled people suffering hardship. |
| to save from | They did their best to save her from injuring herself. |
| to set about | We need to set about finding a solution. (=to start) |
| to stop (smb) from | There is nothing to stop you from accepting the offer. |
| to succeed in | He succeeded in getting a place in an art school. |
| to take to | I’ve taken to waking up very early. |
| to suspect smb/smth of | The drug is suspected of causing over 200 deaths. |
| to talk of | Mary is talking of looking for another job. |
| to thank smb for | She said goodbye and thanked us for coming. |
| to think of (about) | I couldn’t think of letting you take the blame. |
| to threaten with | He was threatened with being dismissed. |
| to warn against | The guidebook warns against walking alone in this area at night. |
| to worry about | Don’t worry about getting there late. |
IX. Set phrases with prepositions commonly used with the gerund
| Set Phrase | Example |
| to look forward to | I always look forward to staying with you. |
| to make a point of | She made a point of closing all the windows before leaving the house. |
| to find excuses for | He always finds excuses for forgetting my birthday. |
| to take pride in | He takes pride in riding his horse. |
| to lose time in | Don’t lose time in chatting over the phone. |
| to have no doubt about | Researchers have no doubt about smoking being a cause of many lethal diseases. |
| to waste time in | He wasted no time in introducing himself. |
X. Adjectives followed by a preposition + gerund
| Adjective + Preposition + Gerund | Example |
| to be absorbed in | She seemed totally absorbed in reading. |
| to be (un) accustomed to | She was a person accustomed to having eight hours’ sleep at night. |
| to be afraid of | He was afraid of upsetting his parents. |
| to be amused at | He was amused at seeing how seriously she took the game. |
| to be angry with smb for | I was angry with myself for making such a stupid mistake. |
| to be annoyed at/with/by/about | I was annoyed with myself for giving in so easily. Gina was annoyed by his jogging, though, that was one comfort. |
| to be ashamed for | You should be ashamed with yourself for telling such lies. |
| to be aware of | They suddenly became aware of people looking at them. |
| to be bad at doing smth | He is really bad at keeping secrets. |
| to be (get) bored with | The children quickly got bored with staying indoors. |
| to be bothered with | It’s not worth bothering with using an umbrella. |
| to be (in)capable of | He is quite capable of lying to get out of the trouble. |
| to be careful about (in) | You must be careful about handling chemicals. |
| to be certain of | You’ll have to learn soon to make certain of getting there on time. |
| to be clever at | She is clever at getting what she wants. |
| to be (un) conscious of | He became acutely conscious of having failed his parents. |
| to be content with | Not content with stealing my boy-friend, she has turned all my friends against me. |
| to be embarrassed at | He felt embarrassed at being the centre of attention. |
| to be excited about | The children were excited about opening their presents. |
| to be far from | Computers, far from destroying jobs, can create employment. |
| to be fond of | Telma is fond of telling other people what to do. |
| to be fortunate in | I was fortunate in having a good teacher. |
| to be frightened of | I’m frightened of walking home alone. |
| to be furious at | She was absolutely furious at being deceived. |
| to be given to | He is given to going for long walks. |
| to be good (better) at | Nick has always been good at finding cheap flights. |
| to be interested in | Are you interested in joining our club? |
| to be irritated at | She was irritated at his smiling at her like that. |
| to be keen on | She is not keen on being told what to do. |
| to be proud of smb for | He was proud of himself for not giving up. |
| to be pleased at | He was pleased at seeing her. |
| to be responsible for | He is responsible for informing everyone about the meeting. |
| to be scared at (of) | He is scared of going out alone. |
| to be serious about | He is serious about wanting to sell the house. |
| to be sick of | I’m sick of doing this work. |
| to be skilled in (at) | She is highly skilled at dealing with difficult customers. |
| to be slow in | His poetry was slow in achieving recognition. |
| to be sorry for | He is really sorry for taking the car without asking. |
| to be successful at (in) | I wasn’t very successful at keeping the news secret. |
| to be sure of | England must win this game to be sure of qualifying for the World Cup. |
| to be surprised at | I am surprised at you behaving like that in front of the kids. |
| to be thankful for | I am thankful to you for inviting me. |
| to be tired of | She was tired of hearing about their trip to India. |
| to be (get) upset at smth | The father got upset at receiving the bad news. |
| to be (un)used to | I’m not used to eating so much at lunchtime. |
| to be worried about | He was worried about their not coming on time. |
| to be wrong in | You are wrong in counting on me. |
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| Герундий в функции прямого дополнения | | | XIII. Infinitives and gerunds used with difference in meaning |