Comprehension check. 1. Read the text more carefully and answer the questions.

1. Read the text more carefully and answer the questions.

a) What environmental dangers has computer revolution brought about?

b) Why should old electronic equipment be carefully recycled?

c) What practical steps do the environmentalists take to reduce electronic wastes?

d) What is the European Industrial Council for Electronic Equipment

Recycling responsible for?

e) What is the other side of incinerating old computers?

f) What possible ways to cope with the e-waste problem do environmentalists suggest?

2. Using the line references given, refer back to the text and find words or phrases that have a similar meaning to:

a) making better (lines 1-5)

b) concern about (lines 10-15)

c) use more than necessary (lines 20-25)//use carelessly

d) producers (lines 35-40)

e) reduce (lines 35-40)

f) recommend/encourage (40-45)

3. Read the sentences and match the words in italics with their meanings from the list below.

a) It is cheaper and easier to dump them in landfill sites to compromise the air and land quality.

b) Researchers have found that computers are becoming one of the world’s biggest environmental hazards.

c) He is trying to convince producers that they should be responsible for reducing their waste without the need for legislation.

d) Why can’t they be adapted for use in schools and colleges, which are

desperately short of computer equipment?

e) She criticized the industry for suggesting incineration as an alternative.

f) The Council favours incineration forenergy production and insists that landfill remains valid in some cases.

g) The Industry Council for Electronic Equipment Recycling has been formed to draw up a set of principles for the disposal of computers.

1) discard 3) dangers 5) throw out 7) burning

2) supports 4) lack for 6) persuade

Focus on Language

1. Complete the table. Make nouns from the verbs given in the table by adding suffixes –tion, -ment or –ing. Use a dictionary if necessary.

VERB	NOUN
to recycle
to generate
to pollute
to encourage
to combine
to introduce
to develop
to require
to produce
to equip

Work in teams of 3. Make as many words as possible using the prefixes re-, dis-, over-, sub-, en-, up-. Compare as a class.

-cover	-load	-connect	-assemblies	-large	-source	-grade	-play
-cycle	-able	-courage	-furbish	-night	-mantle	-scribe	-come

3. Study the sentences in the box and make rules.

§ Highly toxic chemicals are used for etch ing silicon chips in some microelectronic companies.

§ Why can’t they be adapted for use in schools and colleges?

§ Manufacturers redesign their products so that they can be more easily recycled.

§ The ICEER has been formed to draw up a set of principles for the disposal of computers.

§ A lot of companies throw out computers when they are still working in order to get a more efficient or faster model.

Expressing purpose with to, in order (not) to, so that and for To express purpose § We use toand in order (not) to plus an infinitive when the subject of the main clause and the clause of purpose are the same. § In order (not) to is more formal than to. § We can use so that both when the subject of the main clause and the clause of purpose are the same and they are different. § We often use so that with can, could or other modal verbs and the main verb. § We use for with a noun or a gerund.  

Practice

1. Match two halves to make sentences.

1) Many electronics recyclers simply collect equipment and do initial disassembly, then contract with others	a) so that they won’t explode scattering shards of glass and other materials.
2) Most recyclers charge fees	b) to protect our environment.
3) About 50 percent or more of the United States' used computers, cellphones and TVs sent to recyclers are shipped overseas	c) in order to determine the measures necessary to achieve reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 6%.
4) A reasonably new computer should be refurbished 5) Cathode ray tube (CRT) monitors, should	d) to build a new incinerator in an area of countryside near our city.
be disposed properly	e) to process equipment.
6) We must create ways to recycle	f) for materials recovery.
7) Make sure the reuse organization is accepting donations	g) for recycling.
8) The Kyoto Protocol Target Achievement Plan was established	h) so that its owner could sell at nearly give-away prices.
9) I am strongly against the government’s plans	i) for local reuse, and not sending them overseas.

Get real

What do you or your friends usually do with your old electronic devices? Ask your fellow students, teachers and parents what they would do with their computers when they don’t meet their needs. Take notes of the answers and report back on 10 most popular ideas.

Functional language: Expressing opinion In our opinion … First of all, …/ Then, …/Next, … Moreover, … Furthermore, … The greatest advantage of … The disadvantage of this way is that … To sum up, … In conclusion …

Speaking

Work in groups of 4-5. Suggest and discuss any other means that can reduce hazardous effect of the computer revolution. Share your ideas with the rest of the class. Explain pros and cons of the suggested solutions.

Listening

1. The verbs in A are in the text you are going to listen. Match a verb in A with a definition in B.

A	B
1) demanufacture	a) to restore smth to good condition that is broken, damaged or torn
2) break down	b) to bring smth back to a former condition
3) donate	c) to repair and clean a device in order to make it more attractive, like new
4) refurbish	d) to treat substances or devices with chemicals in order to separate raw materials
5) repair	e) to destroy or divide smth into parts in order to analyze it or make it easier to do
6) restore	f) to take goods to pieces in large quantities using machinery
7) reuse	g) to treat things that have already been used so that they can be used again
8) recycle	h) to use smth again
9) process	i) to give money, food, clothes, etc. to smb/smth, especially a charity

Study help The process diagrammes or flowcharts allow you to visually represent methods, processes, steps, or stages that describe how events occur.

2. Listen to a recycling supervisor at Environmental

Protection Agency describing the work of electronic waste recycling. As you listen complete the diagramme of the recycling process.

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