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(a) He never panics in a difficult situation. He stays as cool as a ______.
(b) She was very embarrassed. She went as red as a ______.
(c) No, we aren’t cold. Your flat’s very warm. We’re as warm as ______.
(d) There are no hills or slopes for miles around. It’s as flat as a ______.
(e) They're identical twins, as like as ______.
(f) As soon as his future employers heard he had a criminal record, they dropped him like a ______.
(g) That singer's new record is in great demand. It's selling like ______.
(h) In the rush-hour buses, people are packed like ______.
(i) She's very extravagant. She spends money like ______.
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1. Units of measurement of energy in food.
Example: She's counting ____________ to try and lose weight.
2. A compound which is an essential part of living cells, one of the elements
in food which you need to keep the human body working properly.
Example: Eggs are a rich source of__________.
3. A chemical substance containing carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.
Example: Bread, potatoes and rice are good sources of______.
4. A liquid substance from plants or animals which can be used for cooking.
Example: Fry the meat and drain off the_________.
5. Matter in food which cannot be digested and passes out of the body.
Example: A diet that doesn't contain enough______ can cause intestinal problems.
6. A fatty substance found in fats and oils, also produced by the liver and forming an essential part of all cells.
Example: If you eat too much____________, it can be deposited on the walls of
arteries, causing them to become blocked.
7. Essential substance which is not synthesized by the body but is found in food and is needed for health and growth.
Example: He doesn't eat enough fruit and suffers from_______ C deficiency.
8. Substance which is found in food, but which can also be dug out of the earth.
Example: What is the______________ content of spinach?
9. Too heavy, often as a result of eating too much.
Example: The doctor says I'm____________ and must go on a diet.
10. The result of not having enough to eat, or the result of eating too much of
the wrong sort of food.
Example: Many of the children in the refugee camp were______.
11. Receiving food.
(Example: We are developing a scheme to improve_______ in the poorer areas.)
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1. A lot of people are allergic to nuts.
2. Many people do not trust genetically modified foods.
3. Organic vegetables are more expensive but are better for you.
4. We refuse to eat battery chickens.
5. We prefer to eat free range meats.
6. The harvest has been very bad this year.
7. Following the floods in Mozambique, there was a terrible scarcity of food.
8. There has been an outbreak of salmonella and other food poisoning in Perth.
9. Too many people don’t eat a balanced diet.
10. Fast food is very popular.
a. This is because they are cultivated naturally, without using any chemical fertilizers and pesticides.
b. There wasn’t enough food to feed everyone affected by the disaster.
c. They are not sure that altering the composition of cells to change certain characteristics is safe.
d. It’s good to know that the animals were given enough space to express their natural behaviour.
e. Terrible weather conditions have prevented the crops from ripening and reduced the yield.
f. A lot of people are in hospital as a result.
g. Unfortunately, a diet of burgers, pizzas and fried chicken is not very healthy.
h. They physically react very badly.
i. This is because they spend their life confined in a small cage.
j. They don’t consume sufficient quantities of the different food groups.
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Most children enjoy eating (1)________, but scientific tests have shown us that burgers and pizzas can lack some (2) __________ and (3) ___________, which are essential for health and growth, while simultaneously containing large amounts of (4) __________and (5) __________which can result in obesity and heart problems. Many children end up suffering from (6) ________, since they eat too much of the wrong sort of food. In fact, in many areas of the developed world, a lot of children show similar symptoms to those in poorer developing countries, where (7) _________ of food causes thousands of deaths from starvation, especially in the wake of natural disasters which ruin crops and in some cases totally destroy the annual (8) __________.
Dieticians tell us that we must eat a (9) ________, as it is essential we consume sufficient quantities of the different food groups. They tell us that we should all eat more (10) __________, which cannot be digested by the body, and fewer foods which are high in (11)__________, as this can block the walls of arteries and lead to heart problems. This is good advice, of course, but our lifestyles often make this difficult. Many of the ready-prepared foods we buy from supermarkets are high in (12) _________, giving us more energy than we actually need. (13)__________foods are appearing on our supermarket shelves, even though nobody is really sure if altering the composition of food cells is safe. We have the option, of course, of buying (14) __________ foods, but naturally-cultivated fruits and vegetables are expensive. And to make matters worse, we are continually hearing about outbreaks of (15) __________ and (16) _________ which put us off eating certain foods, as nobody wants to spend time in hospital suffering from (17)___________.
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(a) pork (c) veal (e) beef
(b) mutton (d) bacon (f) ham (g) venison
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1) (a) to pluck cheese
(b) to crack an orange
(c) to grate a chicken
(d) to knead a nut
(e) to peel a rabbit
(f) to skin a joint of meat
(g) to slice dough
(h) to carve a loaf
2) (a) to mince cream
(b) to shell meat
(c) to toss a hard-boiled egg
(d) to whip eggs
(e) to stuff a cake
(f) to mash a chicken
(g) to beat a pancake
(h) to ice potatoes
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(a) starving and parched (g) uneatable and inedible
(b) a snack and a square meal (h) a beer-bottle and a bottle of beer
(c) stale and mouldy (i) a starter and a dessert
(d) peckish and ravenous (j) a restaurant and a café
(e) a buffet and a banquet (k) a chef and a caterer
(f) overcooked, undercooked and raw (l) a café and a canteen
ACQUIRING COMMUNICATION SKILLS
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Meals in England
The English are very particular about their meals and strictly keep to their meal times. Breakfast is from any time until 8 o’clock in the morning, lunch is between 12 and 2 p.m., afternoon tea is between 4 and 5 p.m., and dinner is between 7 and 9 p.m.
The first meal of the day is breakfast. It’s often a quick meal, because the parents have to get away to their work, and the children have to go to school.
The breakfast dishes are cornflakes or porridge with milk or cream and sugar, or with milk and salt. For a change, you can have fried eggs, bacon, fried sausages, boiled eggs or fish. For breakfast, English people also have marmalade with buttered toasts, rolls, tea or coffee, which they drink hot, usually with sugar and with some milk. English tea is so strong that pouring it out into a cup together with a little milk you get a brownish liquid looking like weak coffee with milk. Most English put milk in their coffee, too – this is known as “white coffee”. When dining out, waiters will ask you if you want your coffee “black or white” rather than “with or without milk”.
At lunch time, the Englishmen usually have cold meat and salad or fish often with potatoes or other vegetables, fish and chips, sausages and a sweet dish (an apple pie, a hot milk pudding, cold fruit salad, or ice-cream).
Those who work have their lunch in a café or a restaurant, a cafeteria or a factory canteen. It never happens that they miss a meal or put it off until a more convenient time.
From four to five, they have a very light meal called afternoon tea. You can hardly call it a meal. It’s rather an occasion in the late afternoon at which they have a cup of tea and a cake or a biscuit. Or it may be a light meal of bread, butter and jam, cakes and tea; or it may be a heavier meal of those things with a dish of meat or eggs. In this case it is said that they have the so-called “high tea”. It’s a meal taken between 5 and 6 p.m. if a dinner is not taken in the evening. Usually it’s a more substantial meal than afternoon tea.
The most important meal of the day is dinner. Dinner is eaten in the middle of the day or in the evening. If it’s eaten in the evening, the second meal of the day is lunch. If dinner is taken in the middle of the day, supper is the evening meal. Usually dinner is much like lunch. But sometimes when the English have guests, dinner is the biggest meal and they may have some roast beef, roast chicken, boiled or roast potatoes, vegetables and fruit. Soup is a side dish. At the end of the dinner a sweet pudding may come.
At dinner, as well as at lunch and supper, Englishmen drink plenty of water. After dinner many people drink a cup of coffee. They pour the coffee out of a coffee-pot into small coffee-cups. (To say the truth, almost every meal in England finishes with coffee, cheese and butter.)
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Britain and good food are two things which are not commonly associated. Visitors to Britain have widely varying opinions about all sorts of aspects of the country, but most of them seem to agree that the food is terrible. Why? One reason could simply be that British tastes are different from everybody else’s. However, the most common complaint is not so much that British food has a strange, unpleasant taste, but rather that it has very little taste at all. The vegetables, for example, are overcooked, to put it mildly.
Another explanation may be that most visitors to Britain do not get the opportunity to sample home cooking. They either еat the food cooked in an institution, such as a university canteen, or they eat out a lot, usually in rather cheap restaurants and cafés. These places are definitely not where to find good British food. Typical British cooking, which involves a lot of roasting, does not suit the larger scale production or the quick preparation which is required in such places. For one thing, food should, according tо British people, be eaten hot, which is difficult to arrange when feeding large numbers of people. In addition, the British have not got into the habit of preparing sauces with grilled food in order to make it tastier.
The explanations above can only serve as a partial excuse for the unfortunate reputation of British cuisine. Even in fast food restaurants and everyday cafés, the quality seems to be lower than it is in similar places in other countries. It seems that British people simply don’t care enough tо bother.
The country has neither a widespread “restaurant culture”, nor a café society. In the middle of the day, people just want to eat up quickly and are not interested much in quality (the lunch break is an hour at most). Young people and families with children who eat at fast food places are similarly not interested in quality. Little effort is made to make the hamburgers tasty because nobody expects them to be. The coffee is horrible not because British people prefer it that way but because they don’t go to a café for a delicious, slow cup of coffee - they go there because they need the caffeine.
Even at home, food and drink is given relatively little attention. The coffee is often just as bad as it is in the cafés. British supermarkets sell far more instant coffee than what a few people who drink it often call “real” coffee. Instant coffee is less trouble. Meals tend to be eaten quickly and the table cleared. Parties and celebrations are not normally centred around food. For example, if a British person expresses a liking for barbecues, this does not necessarily mean that he or she likes barbecued food - it is understood to mean that he or she enjoys the typical barbecue atmosphere.
When the British do pay attention to food, it is most frequently not tо appreciate it but to notice what they don’t like about it. Food hits the headlines only in the context of its dangers: for example when a government minister announced that the country's eggs were infected with salmonella. In the early 1990, everybody in the country knew about “ mad cow disease ” (= a disease affecting the brains of infected cattle). There are quite a large number of vegetarians in Britain and an even larger number of those who are aware of the implications for their health of what they eat. “Health food shops” are as abundant in the country’s high streets as delicatessens.
British people have been mostly urban, having little contact with “the land'” for longer than the people of other countries. Perhaps this is why the range of plants and animals, which they will eat is rather narrow. To most people, the idea of going out to pick wild plants for the table is exotic. It is perhaps significant that when the British want to refer to the people of another country insultingly, they often allude to their eating habits. Because of the strange things they do with cabbage, for example, the Germans are “krauts”. Because of their outrageous taste for frog legs, the French are “frogs”.
However, the picture is not entirely negative. While the British are conservative about ingredients, they are no longer conservative about the way they are served. In the 1960s, it was reported that the first British package tourists in Spain not only insisted on eating traditionally British fish and chips all the time but also on having them, as was traditional, wrapped up in specially imported British newspapers! By now, however, the British are extremely open to the cuisine of other countries. The country’s supermarket shelves are full of the spices and sauces needed for cooking dishes from all over the world. The increasingly multicultural nature of the population has helped in this respect. In addition, there is increasing interest in the pure enjoyment of eating and drinking.
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1. Do you have guests to dinner very often? Is it more common for people to have friends come to dinner at home or to meet them in restaurants?
2. If you are invited to someone’s house for dinner, do you take a gift? Do you send something before dinner? What is appropriate to give as a gift?
3. What time do you usually eat dinner?
4. Do people talk while eating or wait until they have finished eating to have a conversation?
5. Where would a special guest sit at the table? Facing the door? At the head of the table? On the right of the host? On the left? In the middle position at the side of the table?
6. At a restaurant, which of these methods would you use to get a server’s attention? Pick up several variants, if needed.
- snap your fingers
- curl your fist finger and move it toward you
- motion with your palm down and your fingers curled toward you
- clap your hands
- make a kissing noise
- make a whistling or hissing noise
- raise your hand and call out
- raise your hand and make eye contact
- raise your hand with your first finger raised
- catch the waiter’s eye and move your head backward quickly
- catch the waiter’s eye and move your head down toward the table
___ Leaving Food or Not ___ Eating Internationally
___ Observing Carefully ___ Serving Something to Drink
___ Using Tableware ___ Keeping Your Hands in the Right Place
___ Using a Toothpick ___ Cleaning Hands
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