Exercise 86. a) Fill in the gaps with an appropriate past form.

One fine morning, a man 1).... was fishing... (fish) in a river. The sun 2) … (shine) and the man 3) … (sit) on the river bank. Everything was very quiet and peaceful. The man 4) … (wait) patiently for several hours when suddenly he 5) … (feel) something pulling on the fishing line. He 6) … (stand up) quickly and 7) …. (begin) to take in the,line. He 8) … (just/lift) the huge fish he had caught out of the water when there was a loud splash and it fell back into the river. At first, the man didn't know what 9) … (happen). Then, he 10) … (look) carefully at his fishing line. It 11) … (snap). The poor man was so disappointed that he 12) … (pack) away all his things and went home.

b) Which of the past forms in the text above are used to express:

1. emphasis on the duration of an action which started and finished in the past before another past action or a stated time in the past

2. action which happened at a definite time in the past time stated, known or implied

3. actions which happened immediately one after the other in the past

4. to describe the atmosphere, the setting, etc. in the introduction to a story

5. action which happened before another past action

Exercise 87. Underline the correct tense.

1. I saw Jim this morning. He ran/ was running for the bus.

2. Keri was angry. She had been waiting/was waiting for Sarah for two hours.

3. Andy was relieved to hear that he was passing/had passed the exam.

4. I was walking/had walked home when I saw Paul.

5. Brian learnt/had learnt how to spell his name at school today.

6. They hadn't visited/weren't visiting their grandparents for a long time.

7. I watched/was watching television when the telephone rang.

8. Jason had been thinking/had thought about his new car all day.

9. I bought the dress because I wanted/had wanted something special to wear to the party.

10. The little boy was crying because he had lost/was losing his mother.

11. Graham had been working/was working for the company for twenty years before he retired.

12. Pam opened/had opened the present and read the card.

13. Lucy wrote/had written a letter to her sister last night.

14. It had been raining/was raining all day and the roads were very wet.

15. Sue was smiling/had smiled as she was reading Mary's letter.

Exercise 88. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense.

1. A: What …were you doing.. (you/do) at ten o'clock this morning?

B: I … (read) some important documents in my office.

2. A: Why are you so disappointed?

B: Because I … (hope) that I would pass the test, but I didn't

3. A: Have you found your bag yet?

B: No, but I … (report) it stolen to the police yesterday.

4. A: Did you enjoy the play last night?

B: No, even though I.. (read) good reviews of it before I bought the tickets.

5. A: Have you written your report yet?

B: I … (just/start) when you came in. actually.

6. A: Sorry I'm late.

B: Where have you been'? I … (expect) you an hour ago.

7. A: We … (go) to an antique market yesterday.

B: … (you/buy) anything?

8. A: Were you surprised that the factory closed down?

B: Not really. In fact, I … (know) it was going to happen.

9. A: Julia did well in the test, didn't she?

B: Yes. She … (study) very hard for it

Exercise 89. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense.

A When Simon 1) arrived.. (arrive) at the cinema, dozens of people 2) … (queue) outside. They 3) … (wait) to see the same film as Simon. Simon, however. 4) … (buy) aticket in advance, so he 5) … (walk) straight to the front of the queue and 6) … (enter) the cinema. He 7) … (feel) relieved that he didn't have to queue. He 8) … (reach) his seat just as the lights 9) … (go down) for the start of the film.

B Last weekend, Cathy 1) … (hire) a car and 2) … (drive) to the seaside. When she 3) … (arrive) the wind 4) … (blow) and the sky 5) … (be) cloudy. She 6) … (get out) of the car and 7) … (take) a walk along the seafront. Then she 8) … (decide) to go for fish and chips at a nearby restaurant that she 9) … (see) earlier and liked the look of. By the time she 10) … (leave) the restaurant, it 11) … (already/grow) dark. As she 12) … (walk) to her car it 13) … (begin) to rain. However, Cathy 14) … (not/mind) because she 15) … (have) a wonderful day.

Exercise 90. Make up situations to justify the use of the past forms in the following sentence patterns:

1. He threw the rug over the radiator of the car and walked up the path.

He had thrown the rug over the radiator of the car and was walking up the path.

2. She bought her ticket and moved away from the window.

She had bought her ticket and was moving away from the window.

3. Не opened the window and looked out with pleasure at the river flowing past.

He had opened the window and was looking out with pleasure at the river flowing past.

4. He put out the light and tried to sleep.

He had put out the light and was trying to sleep.

5. They parked the car and walked along the wall.

They had parked the car and were walking along the wall.

6. The rain stopped and John went put to mow the lawn.

The rain had stopped and John was mowing the lawn.

7. He shaved and had a shower.

He had shaved and was having a shower.

8. He had a glass of whiskey and ate his food with appetite.

He had had a glass of whiskey and was eating his food with appetite.

9. They finished their meal and had coffee.

They had finished their meal and were having coffee.

Exercise 91. Finish the following stories, using the past tenses.

1. Dick was standing at the door of his house. He took a key out of his pocket and put it into the lock. After turning it, he was about to open the door when suddenly....

2. It was Bob's birthday. He knew he would get a lot of birthday presents from his friends and relatives. The best present would come from his parents, he was sure. They promised to give him something very nice. But imagine his disappointment when....

3. One autumn' day Mr. Swing returned home from his office and complained of a splitting headache. He was sure he had a touch of flu and decided to take a couple of aspirins. He told his daughter to fetch the medicine chest from his bedroom, which she did at once. But what a surprise he got when opening the chest....

4. In my grandmother's room there is a small table, in the centre of which, lies the Family Album. To our grandmother 'the family' is by far the most important unit in existence. She is its creator. So it is not surprising that the Family Album is among her most treasured things. One day after washing my hands, I entered Granny's room. I approached the small table and was going to take the sacred album when....

Exercise 92. Read the notes, then make up the story of Beatrix Potter using appropriate past forms.

When she - grow up Beatrix Potter - be - very fond of animals and - always draw - pic­tures of her pet rabbit/She - earn a living as an illustrator for several years before her dream of becoming an author come true/It - be the result of a letter - she - send to a sick child describing the adventures of four rabbits/She - later publish it - as "The Tale of Peter Rabbit - become - an instant success and more tales - follow/By the time Beatrix - die - she - write over twenty-five tales and - achieve recognition as one of the greatest children's writers.

When she was growing up Beatrix Potter was very fond of animate….

Exercise 93. Translate into English using appropriate past forms.

1. Київ дуже змінився з тих пір, як ми приїхали сюди жити.

2. Ми сиділи за чашкою кави та розповідали один одному про все, що трапилося з нами за минулі роки.

3. Сильвія (Silvia) мала важке життя, але вона завжди посміхається.

4. Чи ти читав нову книжку Пама Маршала (Pam Marshall)?

5. Погода була жахливою з тих пір, як ми приїхали до Львову.

6. Ганна прибирала в будинку сьогодні весь день. Вона прибрала кожну кімнату в будинку.

7. Даніель (Daniel) бувало розмовляв з нами годинами про різні цікаві речі, які він зробив у житті.

8. Квартира була набагато меншою, ніж очікував Браєн (Bryan).

9. Коли Мері прибиралася у будинку, то вона знайшла декілька старих любовних листів.

10. Роджер (Roger) читав книжку до тих пір, поки не стало темнішати.

11. Тревор (Trevor) жив у Чикаго три роки, поки не переїхав до Нью Йорка.

12. Коли ти читав ці казки?

13. Коли Пол виходив з потягу, то його квиток впав на залізничну колію.

14. Мій сусід грав у теніс п’ять років, а потім – кинув.

15. Дейв (Dave) вивчав іспанську мову два роки, а тепер він вивчив й англійську.

16. Не дивно, що Сара (Sarah) втомилася. Вона грала багато в бридж.

17. Це був другий раз, коли я дивився фільм “The Madness of King George”.

18. Машина Кевіна (Kevin) створює такий дивний шум з тих пір, як в ній закінчилося пальне (petrol).

19. Лінда (Lynda) завжди надавала перевагу собакам, ніж кішкам.

20. На півдорозі до університету Колін (Colin) повернувся та пішов назад додому, тому що він забув вимкнути світло.

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