VII. Your former class mate is eager to know where you study. Tell him (her) all the interesting facts about your college.

UNIT 2. History of the World Tourism

I. Words and word combinations:

wonder	диво
prerequisite	необхiдний
essential	суттевий
disposable income	прибуток, на який розраховують
sufficient	достатнiй
inclination	бажання
furthermore	бiльш того
restriction	обмеження
legal	юридичний
wealth	богатство
сuisine	кухня
to gain	набувати
aesthetic	естетичний
to gather	збирати
treasure	скарби
volume	об’м
equal	тотожний, однаковий
grand tour	подорож країнами
to aim at	прагнути
ladder	сходи
to undertake	починати
artist	художник
architecture	архiтектура
to draw visitors to	зацiкавити вiдвiдувачiв
movement	рух
to inspire	натхнення
to extend	розширяти

II. Read the text and be ready to do the tasks:

Tourism can be defined as the act of travel for the purpose of recreation, and the provision of services for this act. A tourist is someone whom travels at least eighty kilometers (fifty miles) from home for the purpose of recreation, as defined by the World Tourism Organization (a United Nations body).

A more comprehensive definition would be that tourism is a service industry, comprising a number of tangible and intangible components. The tangible elements include transport systems — air, rail, road, water and now, space; hospitality services — accommodation, foods and beverages, tours, souvenirs; and related services such as banking, insurance and safety & security. The intangible elements include: rest and relaxation, culture, escape, adventure, new and different experiences.

Much sovereignty, along with their respective countries and states, depend heavily upon travel expenditures by foreigners as a source of taxation and income for the enterprises that sell (export) services to these travellers. Consequently the development of tourism is often a strategy employed either by a Non-governmental organization (NGO) or a governmental agency to promote a particular region for the purpose of increasing commerce through exporting goods and services to non-locals.

Sometimes "Tourism" and "Travel" are used interchangeably. In this context "travel" has a similar definition to "tourism", but implies a more purposeful journey.

The term "tourism" is sometimes used pejoratively, implying a shallow interest in the societies and natural wonders that the tourist visits.
Prerequisite Factors

"Travel", as an economic activity, occurs when the essential parameters come together to make it happen. In this case there are three such parameters:

1. Disposable income, i.e. money to spend on non-essentials.

2. Time in which to do so.

3. Infrastructure in the form of accommodation facilities and means of transport.

Individually, sufficient health is also a condition, and of course the inclination to travel. Furthermore, in some countries there are legal restrictions on travelling, especially abroad.

III. Answer the questions:

1. What is tourism?

2. Who is a tourist?

3. What is a more comprehensive definition of tourism?

4. What are the tangible elements of tourism?

5. What are the intangible elements of tourism?

6. Why do some countries depend heavily upon tourism?

7. Why are governments and non-government organizations interested in tourism?

8. What are meanings of tourism and travel in other contexts?

9. What are the prerequisite factors for tourism as an economic activity?

10. What are the individual prerequisite factors for travelling?

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