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1. Чьих воззрений по вопросу переводимости –непереводимости вы придерживаетесь?
Абсолютная переводимость
Абсолютная непереводимость
Относительная переводимость
2. Какую из точек зрения доказывают следующие суждения:
- всех объединяет принципиально одинаковое устройство мира;
- одинаковые законы мышления, по которым мысль разворачивается линейно, от старого к новому?
3. Могут ли приведенные ниже отрывки подтвердить или поколебать вашу точку зрения на проблему переводимости? (см. в том числе и пункт 5)
Не позволяй душе лениться,
Лупи чертовку сгоряча.
Душа обязана трудиться
На производстве кирпича.
…Мороз и солнце - день чудесный
Для фрезеровочных работ.
В огне тревог и в дни ненастья
Гори, гори, моя звезда!
Звезда пленительного счастья -
Звезда Героя соцтруда!
…Его пример - другим наука.
Век при дворе. И сам немного царь.
Так, черт возьми, всегда к твоим услугам
Аптека, улица, фонарь...
(Башлачев; 1988: 57)
4. Предложите свой вариант перевода следующего отрывка - начала книги Jane Walmsley Brit-think, Ameri-think. A Transatlantic Survival Guide:
То ту daughter, Katie...
who has an American mother and a British father,
and is—as she puts it—"haff and hawf. "
THE LANGUAGE OF ANGLO-AMERI-THINK
Confused? You won't be. Just remember that:
| U.K. | U.S. |
| Chips | = french fries |
| Crisps | = potato chips |
| Biscuit | = cookie or cracker |
| Scone | = biscuit (baking powder) |
| crumpet | = UNKNOWN - |
| UNKNOWN | = English muffin |
| Tart | = hooker |
| ground floor | = first floor |
| first floor | = second floor |
| public school | = private school |
| Vest | = undershirt |
| waistcoat | = vest |
| knickers | = underpants |
| knickerbockers | = knickers |
| Lorry | = truck |
| Van | = pickup |
| juggernaut | = big (mother) truck |
| Pickup | = hooker |
| Fag | = cigarette |
| Poof | = fag |
| Wally | = jerk |
| Jerk | = off |
Если вы считаете, что вышеприведенные отрывки можно перевести на русский, предложите решение. Если нет, объясните природу этой трудности.
5. Следующие отрывки из рассказа Т.Толстой «Река Оккервиль» содержат узнаваемые строчки из русских романсов. Есть ли у вас альтернативные решения?
...No, it wasn’t he whom Vera Vasilevna loved so passionately, but still, essentially, she loved only him, and it was mutual...
...And listened once more, longing for the long-faded, pshsts, chrysanthemums in the garden, pshsts, where they had met...
...But the free lone soul... is back in the dark magical circle filled with flames, outlined by Vera Vasilevna’s voice, following her skirts and fan from the bright ballroom out onto the summer balcony at night, the spacious semicircle above sweet-smelling bed of chrysanthemums; well, actually, their white, dry, and bitter aroma is an autumnal one, a harbinger of fall separation, oblivion, but love still lives in my ailing heart...
He bought chrysanthemums at the market – tiny yellow ones wrapped in cellophane. Long faded.
6. Если бы вам предложили перевести следующий диалог, какое решение вы бы приняли и как его обосновали? (Learning English as a Foreign Language. Part 597: Dealing with Political Pollsters)
Learner: Please help me. What do I say if I am stopped in the street by a man asking questions about elections? This was happening to me all the time during the general election.
Teacher: You say:Put me down as a Don’t Know.
Put me down as a Don’t Know. I see. What exactly does that mean?
It means you don’t want any more questions.
I see. What does put me down mean?
It means, write me down on paper.
But in Lesson 413, you told me that put down means to make a lot of fun of. Your sentence was: “Every comedian thinks it is funny to put down Val Doonican”.
Yes, well, it means that as well.
So maybe the man asking the questions will make fun of me?
No, no.
And in Lesson 512, you said that put down also means to have your favourite animal killed. Your sentence was: We are taking our cat to the vet for him to be put down.
Did I? Well, yes, it means that too.
So I am afraid the man asking the political questions will have me painlessly killed when I say “Put me down as a Don’t Know”.
No, No, he wont do that. I promise.
If put down means to make fun of, I suppose put up means to take seriously.
No, no. It means to accommodate for a few days. Here is another sentence for you: My mother has written to say she is coming to stay with us, so we will have to put her up for the weekend.
That is a bit like a sentence I remember from Lesson 87. I do my best to put up with your mother.
Ah, yes, that’s put up with.
What does put down with mean?
Nothing.
Could I say Set me down as a Don’t Know?
No. Set down means to let someone off a train at a railway station.
And set up means to let them on the train at the railway station?
Mmm, not exactly. Actually, it is something the police do when all else fails. Here is another sentence for you. I spent three years in jail because the police set me up for the Croydon job.
Would they do that?
Not if you’d really done the Croydon job. Set up, by the way, also means to give someone lots of money. For example, my parents set me up as a teacher of English as a second language.
But the police would not give you lots of money for the Croydon job?
No, I think not.
Would it be possible to say to this man in the street: Send me down as a Dont Know?
Well, not really. Send down means to put someone in prison.
…
Well, if Send down means to put you in prison, does send up mean to get someone out of prison?
Not exactly. In fact, not at all. Send up means to make a lot of fun of.
Ah, just like put down. So the sentence from lesson 413 could also be: Every comedian thinks it is funny to send up Val Doonican?
Very good, absolutely right. Spot on.
7. А что произошло здесь? Разве выделенное словосочетание непереводимо?
After the warmest December and January on record, Russia's winter arrived on Wednesday night, carpeting the capital in whiteness and freezing the Moscow river. But when it comes to winter the Russians have one thing the British lack - a comprehensive plan. From the early hours of yesterday an army of snegoborochnaya mashina - snowploughs - took to Moscow's streets. (The Moscow News)
Poetry is what is lost in translation. Robert Frost (1874–1963)
The vanity of translation; it were as wise to cast a violet into a crucible that you might discover the formal principle of its colour and odour, as seek to transfuse from one language to another the creations of a poet. The plant must spring again from its seed, or it will bear no flower. Percy Bysshe Shelley, English poet (1792 - 1822), A Defence of Poetry (written (1821))
Humour is the first of the gifts to perish in a foreign tongue. Virginia Woolf (1882 - 1941), British novelist. The Common Reader, 1925
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