Afterword. The corpse: 1861–1937

1. Delia Garlic, AS, 6.1, (AL), 129.

2. Sven Beckert, “‘Emancipation and Empire’: Reconstructing the Worldwide Web of Cotton Production in the Age of the American Civil War,” AHR 109 (2004): 1405–1438; Gabriel Baer, “Slavery in Nineteenth-Century Egypt,” Journal of African History 8, no. 3 (1967): 426.

3. Vermont Investors to Sec’y of the Treasury, February 3, 1862, Freedom: A Documentary History of Emancipation, 1861– 1867 (Freedom and Southern History Project, University of Maryland, 1985–2013), ser. 1, vol. 3, 124–151; E. S. Philbrick to a Massachusetts Businessman, April 12, 1862, FSSP, ser. 1, vol. 3, 182–187; HQ 2 Brigade SC Expeditionary Corps to Supt. Contrabands at Beaufort, SC, April 4, 1862, FSSP, 1/3, 180–181.

4. E. S. Philbrick to MA businessman, April 12, 1862, FSSP, ser. 1, vol. 3, 182–187; R. Saxton, Military Govr., Gnl. Order #12, December 20, 1862, FSSP, 1/3, 222–224; E. S. Philbrick to Direct-tax Commissioner for SC, January 14, 1864, FSSP, 1/3, 278–279.

5. James Oakes, Freedom National: The Destruction of Slavery in the United States, 1861–1865 (New York, 2013), emphasizes the Republican Party’s commitment to a national ideal of emancipation.

6. Frederick Douglass, “Should the Negro Enlist in the U.S. Army,” speech delivered July 6, 1863.

7. Dep. of Felo Battee, May 29, 1865, in Thomas Hamilton, #255536, and Andre Dupree, #492774, both Record Group 15, Records of the Department of Veterans Affairs, National Archives, Washington, DC.

8. Abram Blue, #131.901, #946.653, Record Group 15, Records of the Department of Veterans Affairs, National Archives, Washington, DC; cf. Nancy Bercaw, Gendered Freedoms: Race, Rights, and the Politics of Household in the Delta, 1861–1875 (Gainesville, FL, 2003).

9. This, plus a long slow decline in agricultural commodity prices after 1870, helped to ensure that for many people, sharecropping became a kind of debt peonage that eventually trapped three consecutive generations of African Americans in the cotton country in extraordinary poverty. See Gavin Wright, Old South, New South: Revolutions in the Southern Economy After the Civil Wa r (New York, 1986).

10. Laura Free, Gendering the Constitution: Manhood, Race, Woman Suffrage, and the Fourteenth Amendment (Philadelphia, 2014).

11. Harry Bates, Cotton: History, Species, Varieties, Morphology, Breeding, Culture, Diseases, Marketing, and Uses (New York, 1927), 151–152, 323; Warren C. Whatley, “Southern Agrarian Labor Contracts as Impediments to Cotton Mechanization,” Journal of Economic History 47, no. 1 (1987): 45–70; William L. Shea and Edwin Pelz, “A German Prisoner of War in the South: The Memoir of Edwin Pelz,” Arkansas Historical Quarterly 44, no. 1 (1985): 42–55, esp. 52–53; Steven Hahn, A Nation Under Our Feet: Black Political Struggles in the Rural South from Slavery to the Great Migration (Cambridge, MA, 2003), 424–425; David Blight, Race and Reunion: The Civil War and American Memory (Cambridge, MA, 2003).

12. It would be impossible to list all of the great works on the post–Civil War history of the South, but these two paragraphs build above all on traditions of scholarship that include the following: W. E. B. DuBois, The Souls of Black Folk (Chicago, 1903); W. E. B. DuBois, Black Reconstruction in America: An Essay Toward the Part Which Black Folk s Played in the Attempt to Reconstruct Democracy in America, 1860–1880 (New York, 1935); C. Vann Woodward, Origins of the New South, 1877–1913 (Baton Rouge, LA, 1951); Eric Foner, Reconstruction: America’s Unfinished Revolution, 1863–1877 (New York, 1988); Edward L. Ayers, The Promise of the New South: Life After Reconstruction (New York, 1992); Glenda Gilmore, Gender and Jim Crow: Women and the Politics of White Supremacy in North Carolina, 1896–1920 (Chapel Hill, NC, 1996); David Cecelski and Timothy Tyson, eds., Democracy Betrayed: The Wilmington Race Riot of 1898 and Its Legacy (Chapel Hill, NC, 1998); Laura F. Edwards, Gendered Strife and Confusion: The Political Culture of Reconstruction (Urbana, IL, 1998); Gregory Downs, Declarations of Dependence: The Long Reconstruction of Popular Politics in the South, 1861–1908 (Chapel Hill, NC, 2011).

13. Bill Cooke, “The Denial of Slavery in Management Studies,” Paper No. 68, Institute for Development Policy and Management, University of Manchester, http://ageconsearch.umn.edu/bitstream/30566/1/dpo20068.pdf, accessed December 18, 2013.

14. Ira Katznelson, Fear Itself: The New Deal and the Origins of Our Time (New York, 2013). Among many excellent works on lynching, see Crystal Feimster, Southern Horrors: Women and the Politics of Rape and Lynching (Cambridge, MA, 2009); Mari Nagasue Crabtree, “The Devil Is Watching You: Lynching and Southern Memory, 1940–1970” (PhD diss., Cornell University, 2014).

15. Susie King, AS, 2.4 (AR), 213; Charles L. Perdue Jr., Thomas E. Barden, and Robert K. Phillips, eds., Weevils in the Wheat: Interviews with Virginia Ex-Slaves (Charlottesville, VA, 1976), esp. 151–154.

Дата добавления: 2015-09-04