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Composite sentence analysis

Part 1. THEORY SECTION | Classification of simple sentences | PARTS OF A SENTENCE | Adverbial clauses of unreal condition | Subjunctive Mood Synopsis | Part 2. PRACTICE SECTION | Exercise 8. Point out the attributes in the following sentences and state what they are expressed by. | Exercise 12. Analyse the following composite sentences and draw their schemes according to the model given in Item 7. | Exercise 15. Complete the following conversations expressing a wish. Follow the model given in (1) (see pattern 7.3.1). | Exercise 18. Use the correct form expressing unreality with reference to the past (see patterns 7.3.1, 7.5.2). |


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  3. Classification of simple sentences
  4. Comment on the meaning of the modal verbs and translate the sentences into Russian;
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  6. Complete the sentences for situations in the past. Decide which tense and voice you need to use.
  7. Complete the sentences, using object clauses.

Composite sentences may be of four structural types:

(1) complex sentences, clauses in which are in relations of dependence;

(2) compound sentences, clauses in which are in relations of independence;

(3) compound-complex sentences, which consist of two or more co-ordinate clauses at least one of which has one or more subordinate clauses);

(4) complex-compound sentences which consist of one principal and two or more homogenous subordinate clauses, joined with each other by co­ordination.

Below an example of syntactic analysis of a composite sentence is suggested:

   
It was said | that you could always find a mug in the city to write
         
a fat cheque for the production of a play || but | when you came down to business |
         
you discovered | that the main condition was | that the leading part should be
         
played by some pretty lady | in whom he was interested. (Maugharn)

 

This is a composite sentence because it contains more than one unit of finite predication. This sentence consists of seven clauses. It is a compound-complex sentence because the clauses stand in relations of independence and those of dependence.

It was said (1) is the first principal (co-ordinate) clause;

that yon could always find a mug in the citv to write a fat cheque for the production of a play (2) is a subject clause connected by means of the conjunction that;

you discovered (3) is the second principal (co-ordinate) clause. Both principal clauses are joined by means of the adversative[21] conjunction but;

when you came down to business (4) is an adverbial clause of time. It refers to the verb to discover (discovered) in the second principal clause and is connected by means of the conjunction. whe n;

that the main condition was (5) is an object clause. It refers to the verb to discover (discovered) in the second principal clause and is connected by means of the conjunction that;

that the leading part should he played by some pretty lady (6) is a predicative clause. It is connected by means of the conjunction that;

in whom he was interested (7) is an attributive clause (relative restrictive). It refers to the noun lady (the antecedent) and is connected by means of the relative pronoun (in) whom.

 

The scheme of the sentence:

 

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The predicate| The following phrases have ceased to express unreality.
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