Студопедия
Случайная страница | ТОМ-1 | ТОМ-2 | ТОМ-3
АрхитектураБиологияГеографияДругоеИностранные языки
ИнформатикаИсторияКультураЛитератураМатематика
МедицинаМеханикаОбразованиеОхрана трудаПедагогика
ПолитикаПравоПрограммированиеПсихологияРелигия
СоциологияСпортСтроительствоФизикаФилософия
ФинансыХимияЭкологияЭкономикаЭлектроника

III. The Past Continuous vs. the Past Indefinite

I. The Formation | V. Articles with Nouns in the Possessive Case | General Characteristic | II. Degrees of Comparison | IV. The Use of the Present Indefinite | III. The Use of Present Continuous. | IV. Verbs Not Used in the Continuous Forms. | V. The Present Continuous vs. The Present Indefinite. | V. The Present Perfect vs. The Past Indefinite | III. The Present Perfect Continuous vs. The Present Perfect |


Читайте также:
  1. A) The use of the Past Indefinite becomes obligatory with stative verbs.
  2. a) Использование Past Indefinite является обязательным с глаголами, которые
  3. A. INDEFINITE PRONOUNS
  4. A. two past continuous verbs
  5. A. Use the Present Continuous Tense.
  6. Change the following into the Future Indefinite.
  7. Comment on the use of the Present Continuous.

The Past Continuous cannot denote a succession of past actions and thus is unable to develop a narrative. The sphere of the Past Continuous is description while the sphere of the Past Indefinite is narration.

 

The Past Perfect Tense

I. The Formation

The past Perfect Tense is formed by means of the Past Indefinite of the auxiliary verb ''to have'' and Participle II of the notional verb.

In interrogative sentences the auxiliary verb is placed before the subject.

In negative sentences the negative particle ''not'' is placed after the auxiliary verb.



 

II. The Use

1) The Past Perfect is used to denote an action completed before a certain moment in the past, i.e. the beginning and the end of this action precede that moment (Past Perfect Exclusive). The past moment from which the completed action is viewed may be indicated:

a) by means of an adverbial expression by 4 o'clock, by that time, by the end of the week;

· By that time the sun had set.

b) By another action in the past tense;

· When she awoke the rain had stopped.

c) By the situation.

· I opened the window. The rain had stopped.

Note 1: Sometimes the Past Perfect does not denote priority but only the completion of the action.

 

2) The Past Perfect is used to denote an action which began before a given past moment and continued into it (Past Perfect Inclusive). The starting point of the action is indicated by since and the whole period of duration is usually indicated by the preposition for.

3) The Past Perfect is used after the conjunctions hardly... when, scarcely... when, no sooner... than...

4) The Past Perfect denotes a succession of past actions belonging to the time preceding the narrative as a whole, thus describing a succession of events in the pre-past, though in this case the Past Perfect may be used for the first action alone.

5) We use the Past Perfect with the verbs such as hope, expect, want, plan, think about, wish to describe past intentions which were unfulfilled. Had is usually stressed in this case:

6) The Past Perfect is used in adverbial clauses of time to express a future action viewed from the past. It shows that the action of the subordinate clause will be completed before the action of the principal clause which is usually expressed by the Future-in-the-Past.

 


Дата добавления: 2015-11-16; просмотров: 94 | Нарушение авторских прав


<== предыдущая страница | следующая страница ==>
The Past Continuous Tense| III. The Past Perfect Inclusive vs. the Past Perfect Continuous Inclusive

mybiblioteka.su - 2015-2024 год. (0.005 сек.)