Colloquial words

watchdog – superwiser: nuclear watchdog; rail watchdog; TV and radio watch­dog

to botch (to do sth badly) – a botched attempt

to down (to force to the ground)

frantic (hurried)

glitch (small fault in operation), «глюк»

jitters (anxiety), jittery

to have guts (courage, will to do sth)

a hike / hiking up (to increase suddenly)

kids (children)

to sack / to boot out (to fire somebody)

to swap / swap (to exchange / an exchange)

think tank (a committee of people, experienced in a particular subject,

to de­velop ideas and advice on matters related to the subject)

tsar (a high-ranking official responsible for sth (like drug / homeless / foot and mouth tsar)

U-turn (complete revision of one’s previous views or ideas)

to whistle-blow (to raise alarm by attracting public attention to some prob­lems); whistle-blowing, a whistle-blower

Colloquial phrasal verbs

to dream up	придумать
to cash in	нажиться, обогатиться
to sink in	осознать, понять
to sort out	решить проблему
to stick around	слоняться без дела
to spell out	означать / разъяснить
to team up	объединить усилия

Shortened words

Either part of a word or a word in a word-combination can be shortened:

1) part of a word: advert, ad (advertisement); bargs (bargains); burger (ham­burger); chimp (chimpanse); demo (demonstration); a detox (detoxication) clinic; high-tech (high technology); lab (laboratory); the LibDems (the Liberal Democrats); quake (earthquake); sub (submarine); yard (shipyard); veg (vegetable/s); vent (ventilator); vet(s) (veterinarian/s); the Indi (The Independent);

2) a word in the word combination: cash point (machine); crude (oil); a lap-top (computer); the Med (the Mediterranean Sea); the Met (the MeteorologicalOffice or the Metropolitan police); the Mid-East (the Middle East); four-star / leaded / unleaded (type of petrol); satnav (automobile satellite navigation); welly boots (Wellington boots).

Quite often a noun reduction in a combination “an adjective + a noun in plural” leads to formation of a new noun with collective meaning (the so-called lexical ellipsis): heavies (heavy or quality papers); hereditaries (hereditary peers); pops (popular papers or tabloids); primaries (primary exams or elections); semis (semi-final matches).

Control Questions

1. What are the lexical features of newspaper articles?

2. What is the basis of classifying the print media lexical units into two large categories?

3. List all categories of lexical units in each group.

4. What are the two groups of neologisms used by the media?

5. Recall the ways the second group of neologisms is formed.

Дата добавления: 2015-11-14