Future tenses

FORM

be going to +V –inf

+	-	?
I am going to win.	I am not going to win.	Am I going to win?
He (she, it) is going to win.	He (she, it) is not (isn’t) going to win.	Is (he, she, it) going to win?
We (you, they) are going to win.	We (you, they) are not (aren’t) going to win.	Are we (you, they) going to win?

USE

To talk about:

a) plans and intentions.

We are going to discuss a new secret deal.

b) evidence of the future.

The company is loosing its shares. It ’s going to get bankrupt.

FORM

will + V –inf

+	-	?
I (he, she, it; we, you, they) will receive a prize.	I (he, she, it; we, you, they) will not receive a prize.	Will I (he, she, it; we, you, they) will receive a prize?

USE

a) predictions: Everyone entering a competition will receive a prize.

b) hopes and expectations: He’ll probably go for business to India.

c) on-the-spot decisions: Don’t worry. I’ll meet you in the reception area.

be +V -ing

USE

To talk about:

arrangements between people: I’ m meeting the CEO this week. We are visiting our overseas partners in a month.

do + V -inf

USE

To talk about:

future facts based on timetables or programs: My train leaves at 6 a.m. tomorrow. What time does the conference start?

Time expressions: tomorrow, tonight, in a month, in two/three days, next week, the day after tomorrow, soon, etc.

Module 6

ARTICLES

Indefinite article a/an.

A schedule, a bill, a job, a union, a European; an hour, an advertisement, an obstacle

USE

a/an

a) before singular countable nouns (to talk about things in general): He wants a job. No money was left for an advertisement

b) before professions: He is a project manager

c) in expressions of measurement: The speed limit is 55 miles an hour.

It costs 1.15 a liter.

d) to mean every (with expressions of time): Once a week. Five times a year.

The

with singular and plural nouns, countable and uncountable ones:

a) to talk about something specific, or when the noun was mentioned before: Whose is the van parked in front of our office? (Which van? The one parked in front of our office.) I had a Jaguar and a Mercedes but I sold the Jaguar last year.

b) when it is clear what particular thing or place is meant: I’ll meet you in the staff car park behind the warehouse.

c) when two nouns are joined together: the history of commerce; the balance of trade;

d) before adjectives to specify a category of people or things: the rich, the poor, the mobile phone (a type of phone), the textile industry.

e) in superlative expressions: General Motors is the biggest car manufacture. It was the most successful advertising campaign.

Note: most used as a determiner followed by a noun, does not take the:

Most people think he is a failure.

f) before the words: station, shop, cinema, pub, library, city. She went to the station to see Jessica off.

g) before: morning, afternoon evening, night. I’ll be home in the evening.

But: at night, at noon, at midnight, by day/night.

h) before: only, last, first. He was the last person to come.

i) when referring to a species or an invention: The whale is almost extinct.

Alexander Bell invented the telephone.

k) with some adjectives when referring to the group in general: the old, the young, the rich, the poor, the unemployed.

Дата добавления: 2015-11-14