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Three Kinds of Lawyers

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Lawyers fill many roles. Some are primarily advisers to private individuals managing their personal affairs; others develop expertise in specialized fields; still others concentrate on trial work. Three of the most familiar kinds of lawyers are described below.

The Family Lawyer. The so-called family lawyer is a generalistin much the same sense as the old family doctor. Usually active in the affairs of his community, he advises his clients on matters such as leases, contracts, the purchase and sale of real estate, divorce and separation proceedings, adoption and hundreds of other problems that arise in an ordinary lifetime. He is a friend and a counselor in time of trouble. One of his most important functions is to keep you out of litigation unless it is clearly necessary.

The Corporation Lawyer. The corporation lawyer is a salaried employee of a company for which he has gone to work either after passing his bar examination or, more likely, after a period of employment with a large law firm. He specializes in whatever fields of law are of particular importance to his company. A lawyer working for a publishing company might be particularly strong in areas such as copyright law, plagiarism and the interpretation of royalty contracts. He may or may not be involved in courtroom work.

The Trial Lawyer. Although some successful lawyers never appear in court, many individuals and firms represent parties in litigation. The trial lawyer does not limit himself to courtroom work, but his greater experience in it makes him alert to procedural points and nuances in the presentation of evidence that might escape a competent attorney whose major interests lay elsewhere. Some courtroom experience is valuable to any lawyer, regardless of his special field of competence.

6. Match the following English and Russian equivalents:

1) expertise a) опыт
2) experience b) адвокат
3) litigation c) недвижимость
4) real estate d) продажа
5) adoption e) авторское право
6) royalty f) специальные знания
7) copyright law g) иск, судебное дело
8) sale h) усыновление/удочерение
9) attorney i) гонорар

7. Read the text and say if the following is true or false:

1. All lawyers concentrate on trial work.

2. The so-called family lawyer is a specialist in family law.

3. The lawyer is a friend and a counselor in time of trouble.

4. One of the most important functions of a lawyer is to keep clients out of litigation if possible.

5. A corporation lawyer is a specialist in copyright law.

6. Some courtroom experience is valuable to any lawyer.

SPEAKING

Discussion:

1 Why do most of Russian people have no family lawyer?

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