Positive Negative

determined obstinate, stubborn, pig-headed;

thrifty, economical miserly, mean, tight-fisted;

self-assured self-important, arrogant,

full of oneself (coll.);

assertive aggressive, bossy (coll.);

original peculiar, eccentric, odd;

frank, direct, open blunt, abrupt, brusque, curt;

broad-minded unprincipled, permissive;

inquiring inquisitive, nosy (coll.);

generous extravagant;

innocent naive;

ambitious pushy (coll.).

I) Match these words with their opposites.

1. intelligent a. courteous

2. extroverted b. smart

3. generous c. nervous

4. comfortable d. cunning

5. rude e. tight-fisted

6. cruel f. conscientious

7. honest g. sympathetic

8. quarrelsome h. tense

9. friendly j. self-centered

10. simple k. kindly

1 1. relaxed 1. half-witted

12. idle m. hostile

E Match the words similar in meaning.

1. thrifty a. optimistic

2. shrewd b. gregarious

3. gloomy с brainy

4. diligent d. economical

5. reasonable e. covetous

6. cheerful f. quarrelsome

7. harsh g. reliable

8. envious h. depressed

9. carefree j. rough

10. sociable k. industrious 1 1. argumentative 1. rational

12. trustworthy ni. tranquil

F The words given below come from Greek and Latin. They describe peoples attitudes, mental and emotional states. These borrowings usually have academic and literary associations and have long become international words in many European languages. Make sure you know their meanings and use them correctly.

/; Try to match the adjectives in the left column with their definitions on the right. Supply these adjectives with the с orresponding nouns.

i. cynical a. inclined not to believe; doubting state of mind

2 elegiac b. using bitter remarks intended to wound the

feelings i. sarcastic c. feeling wistful longing for smth. one has

known in the past; homesick

!. melancholic d. touching, affecting, moving; sad, pitiful 5. sceptical e. sorrowful; mournful; funeral

6 nostalgic f. seeing little or no good in anything; showing

this by sneering and being contemptuous 7. pathetic g. low-spirited; sad; depressed; unhappy

(. A person's character can be described with compound

adjectives:

absent-minded (forgetful) good-tempered (cheerful) quick-witted (intelligent)

two/double-faced (hypocritical)

easy-going (relaxed)

warm-hearted (kind)

big-headed (proud of

oneself)

self-centred (egotistical)

The family of compound adjectives with the second part - minded" is quite numerous, e.g. noble-minded. The first part cannot only be an adjective but also an adverb and a noun.

technically ----- ----technique

commercially — -minded (mind keen on-----commerce

historically ---- -----history

b. career

business money

•minded (conscious of the value or importance of career

Some of these adjectives make up pairs with opposite meanings:

broad

- minded

У

narrow

serious.

light

single double

- minded

- minded

strong,

- minded feeble^/

high\

low

^ minded

1) Now study the meanings of the ten two-part words above and try to express them in one word:

e.g. broad-minded -• tolerant; evil-minded -~ wicked; bad; open-minded = unbiased.

2) Try to complete each of these word forks as shown in the examples. Explain the meaning of the words you have written down.

possessed

self-

2. short 3. good - tempered ____!

- natured

4. dear 5. bitter 6. warm ____; -headed ____j - tongued _____] -hearted

* 3) Translate the following words and expressions into English using compound adjectives with the parts -faced, - blooded, - tongued, - witted, -fisted:

1. двуличный, двоедушный, лицемерный;

2. наглый, бесстыжий, бесстыдный;

3. безжалостный, жестокий, бесчувственный;

4. вспыльчивый, горячий, страстный;

5. красноречивый, льстивый;

6. болтающий без удержу, с развязанным языком;

7. находчивый, смышленый;

8. скупой, прижимистый.

* Н People are often compared to animals.

1) Study the meanings of the following adjectives and the patterns of their formation from the corresponding nouns. Mind that these adjectives are mostly used in spoken English.

cattish, catty or bitchy (malicious-tongued);

cocky (arrogant);

dogged (stubborn);

mousy (dull, uninteresting, shy, quiet);

foxy (crafty, cunning);

ratty (bad-tempered);

sheepish (awkward, self-conscious);

wolfish (cruel, brutal).

* 2) Use the adjectives above to name someone who behaves as is described below:

If someone 1. is timid, feels uncomfortable, not knowing

what to do with himself;

2. seems to hide his thoughts, intentions, plans to get what he wants;

3. looks too much/very sure of himself, pert and conceited;

4. does not easily give way to argument or persuasion, obstinate;

5. speaks of other people using cruel, hateful words;

6. is cross, irritated, annoying;

7. keeps very still, attracts no attention to himself.

'"' v) There are also similes comparing people to animals, birds and fish. Here are some of them. Can you complete the phrases "Mill proper adjectives, selecting then} from the list below?

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