IX. Fill in the gaps with the appropriate prepositions.

1. Before trial a defendant will be charged __ an offence.

2. A defendant’s trial will usually result __ a verdict __ either guilty or not guilty.

3. An indictment will contain only charges __ offences which may be tried __ the Crown Court __ a judge and jury.

4. Appeals __ convictions __ the Crown Court go __ the Court of Appeal.

5. Usually a person charged __ a summary offence will have to appear __ magistrates __ person.

6. A sentence __ imprisonment or disqualification may be passed only __ a defendant’s absence.

7. __ these cases a defendant may choose to be tried __ a judge and a jury __ the Crown Court.

8. I admit striking him __ a baseball bat and he was attacking me __ a knife, but I was acting __ self-defence.

9. I should be convicted __ manslaughter and not murder because I was provoked __ losing my self-control.

10. __ the fine is less than 200$ the court may order that __ default __ paying it the defendant will go __ prison __ seven days.

X. Translate the following sentences from Russian into English

1. Существуют сотни различных уголовных преступлений, почти все они предусмотрены законодательными актами. Однако все еще осталось несколько видов преступлений, первоначально предусмотренных общим правом, наказание за эти преступления осуществляется согласно общему праву.

2. В уголовном процессе сторона обвинения предъявляет иск обвиняемому и должна доказать правоту своего обвинения в суде. В свою очередь обвиняемый не должен доказывать свою невиновность.

3. Апелляционные суды решают вопросы о справедливости приговоров, вынесенных при первоначальном рассмотрении дела. Если они приходят к выводу, что приговор не отвечает действующим законам, то апелляционный суд признает приговор недействительным, или требует повторного слушания дела.

4. Почти во всех уголовных процессах государство выступает в качестве обвинителя (преследует в судебном порядке лицо, которое, как утверждается, совершило преступление). Это означает, что обвинение ведется от лица всего общества в целом, а не от отдельного индивидуума.

5. Менее серьезные преступления по решению парламента рассматриваются мировыми судьями. Это так называемые преступления, преследуемые в порядке суммарного производства.

Grammar revision

Exercises

I. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form а word that fits in the space in the same line. Read the story. Can you think of any more examples of crimes that may go unrecorded? Why is this and what is the effect?

Once confidently regarded as reflecting the level of crime in society, (0) criminal..... statistics are now interpreted with caution. Such statistics are based only on notifiable (1)............ which have been reported and recorded. But not all of these are reported by the public, so there are (2)............ in what is actually recorded. It has been suggested that routinely compiled statistics seriously under-record some types of crime such as (3)............. petty theft and domestic violence. The (4)............ of a court case, and whether a conviction is actually recorded or not, also depends on a complex mix of ingredients. And changes in police (5)............ or even simple human (6)............ can sometimes mean no record is made of a crime. Some would argue, therefore, that the criminal statistics we have are less a picture of the (7)............ of crime than an (8)............ of what the authorities actually find it (9)............ to police, and also a reflection of the kinds of offences that tend to end up in court and result in convictions. Nevertheless, after a period of criticism and (10)............, the use of criminal statistics has been regaining broad acceptance.

CRIME OFFEND ACCURATE   VANDAL   COME   PROCEED ERR   INCINDENT INDICATE MANAGE   CERTAIN

Speaking

Exercises

Дата добавления: 2015-11-14