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The prototype for the Internet was created in the sixties by the US Defence Department. To ensure that communication could be kept open in the event of a nuclear attack, it created a computer network known as Arpanet — the Advanced Research Project Agency Network.
The first attempt to connect two computers and allow them to communicate with one another was made by researchers at the University of California in Los Angeles and the Stanford Research Institute on 20 October, 1969.
The first people to coin the term "Internet" were two scientists, Vinton Cerf (known as "farther of the Internet") and his collaborator, Bob Kahn, who in 1974 devised a means by which data could be transmitted across a global network of computers.
An Oxford graduate, Tim Berners-Lee, set up the first "www server" (a server receives and sends messages) to store the archive of the European Particle Physics Laboratory in Switzerland.
The first e-mail ever sent was in 1972 between computers in two American universities. It said "qwertyuiop" (the top line of the computer keyboard).
The most frequently used search word on the net is "sex", typed in 1,550,000 times every month.
The most mentioned male on the Internet was President Bill Clinton, whose name was linked to 1,842,790 sites.
The most mentioned female on the Internet is the actress Pamela Anderson, whose name is linked to 1,542,282 sites.
Active Words and Phrases:
| coin | створювати (слово) |
| collaborator | співробітник |
| devise a means | винайти засіб |
| server | сервер |
| store an archive | створити архів |
| search word | слово-пошукач |
| link | сполучати, зв’язувати |
Ex. III. Complete the sentences using the text:
1. The prototype for the Internet was created by …
2. The first attempt to connect two computers was made by …
3. The first people to coin the term “Internet” were…
4. Vinton Cerf’s collaborator was … who …
5. The first “www server” was set up to…
6. The first E-mail ever sent was between…
7. The most mentioned male on the Internet was…
Ex. IV. Use the text to restore the situation for each verb form:
| … was created… | … created … |
| … was made… | … said … |
| … devised … | … is … |
| … set up … |
Ex. V. Pre-reading questions:
1. Are you an Internet subscriber? If yes, are you connected through a telephone or a sputnik plate?
2. Which in your opinion is the most suitable way to connect to the Internet?
3. What are the advantages of having E-mail at home?
Ex. VI. Study the list of terms below:
| average | проводити час в середньому |
| broadband | широкосмуговий |
| cable modem | кабельний модем |
| cable TV | кабельне телебачення |
| dial-up connection | модемний вихід в Інтернет |
| dial-up Internet service | Internet по телефону |
| dramatic | яскравий, суттєвий |
| eliminate | усувати, виключати; ліквідувати, знищувати |
| fee | гонорар; винагорода; платня |
| inevitable | неминучий |
| kbps (kilobits per second) | кілобіт у секунду |
| obtain access | отримати доступ |
| opt (for) | робити вибір (на користь) |
| redistribution of the market | перерозподіл, переділ ринку |
| tie up | зв'язати |
| upgrade | підвищувати якість |
| Webcasts | широкомовна передача аудіоматеріалів через Інтернет |
Ex. VII. Read the text below and translate it into Ukrainian at sight:
Text II
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