The Subjunctive Mood

	Principal Clauses	Conj.	Subordinate Clauses	Examples
Subject Clause introduced by “it”	important necessary advisable It is urgent requested arranged	that	do smb should do smth	1. It’s urgent that he be there. 2. It’s necessary that she should come. 3. It’s arranged that the library supply (should supply) the students with the books.
natural strange odd It is curious doubtful impossible	that	should do smb should have done smth	1. It’s natural that she’d feel hurt. 2. It’s strange that he’d have done it. 3. It’s doubtful that they could have solved it. 4. It’s impossible that they should have survived.
It is possible	that	may do smb may have done smth might do	1. It’s possible that she may know it. 2. It’s possible that she may have heard it. 3. It’s was possible that she might return.
Predicative Clause	smb looks feels smth seems is (not)	as if	did smb had done smth	1. You look as if you’d been running. 2. She felt as if she’d lost smth. 3. It looks as if they were out. 4. It’s not as if I could help. 5. It seems as if he knew the way.
The order request suggestion demand is plan idea	that	do smb should do smth	1. Her request was that we should do it in time. 2. The rule is that the students should not take the books away from the reading hall. 3. My suggestion is that we stay here.
Object Clause	demands requests smb suggests insists orders	that	do smb should do smth   smth should be done	1. He demanded that all be present. 2. She suggests that it’d be done in time. 3. They insist that we’d come at once.
fears trembles smb dreads worries is afraid	that lest	smb does (did, had done) smb should do smth	1. I fear that she’ll miss the train. 2. I fear lest she’d miss the train.
smb wishes	that	did smb had done smth could do would do	I wish I were at home had made a report could help you you would go away the music would stop she would come and see me you would help me
Attribut i ve Clause	It is time high time about time	__	smb did smth should do	1. It’s time me went home. 2. It’s time we’d go home.
Adverbial Clauses	of purpose	smb does smth	that so that in order that lest	may might smb can do smth could should	1. She opens the window that she may (might) get a breath of fresh air. 2. She opens the window lest it should be stuffy.
comparison	smb does smth	as if as though	smb did smth had done	1. You speak as if you knew it. 2. She flushes as if he had struck her.
	Subordinate Clauses	Principal clauses
of concession	Though he … Tired though he… No matter how tired he … may However tired he… might be	he’ll go to the concert
of time	Whenever you may/might	come	you are welcome
of place	Wherever he may/might	live	he’ll always find friends

Conditionals

Real condition	If smb does smth	smb will do smth	If I book a ticket	I’ll go to the cinema
Unreal condition	Present Future	If smb did smth	smb would do smth	If I booked a ticket	I would go to the cinema.
Past	If smb had done smth	smb would have done smth	If I had booked a ticket (then)	I would have gone to the cinema (then).
Mixed	Present Past	If smb did smth	smb would have done smth	If I were a cinema-goer	I would have gone to the cinema (then).
Past Present	If smb had done smth	smb would do smth	If I had booked a ticket (then)	I would go to the cinema (now)
Якбине	Present	If it were not for smb/smth	smb would do smth	If it weren’t for the rain	I would go to the cinema.
Past	If it hadn’t been for smb/smth	smb would have done smth	If it hadn’t been for the rain (then)	I would have gone to the cinema (then).
Present	But for smb/smth	smb would do smth	But for the rain (now)	I would go to the cinema.
Past	But for smb/smth	smb would have done smth	But for the rain (then)	I would have gone to the cinema (then).
Якщо трапиться так, що	If smb should/would do smth Should smb do smth	smb will/would do smth do smth	If you should book a ticket   Should you book a ticket	I will/would go to the cinema. call me at once.
Якби	If smb were to do smth	smb would do smth	If I were to book a ticket	I would go to the cinema.
Якби лише	Present	Oh, if Oh that If only	smb did smth	Oh, if	I booked a ticket! (now)
Past	smb had done smth	Oh, if	I had booked a ticket! (then)
Set Expressions
Я б краще/радше	Present	Smb would rather	do smth	I’d rather	go to the cinema (now).
Past	Smb would rather	have done smth	I’d rather	have gone to the cinema (then).
Краще б Ви/ Вам краще	Present	Smb would rather	smb did	I would rather	you went to the cinema(now).
Past	Smb would rather	smb had done smth	I would rather	you had gone to the cinema (then).

Module 6 – Sentence Structure

Дата добавления: 2015-11-16