Exercise 2. Answer the questions.

Exercise 3. Write whether these statements are true or false. If the statement is false, correct it:

1. In the Hippocratic Oath doctors promise (among other things) to maintain the utmost respect for human life and to respect the confidentiality of the doctor-patient relationship.

2. In Great Britain the General Practitioner isn’t a very respected member of the community.

3. People have to pay for an ambulance in Great Britain.

4. There is no free treatment in the USA.

5. Cancer is not just one disease. It is a group of more than 100 diseases caused by uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells.

6. In early times people believed that illnesses were caused either by angry gods or evil spirits, so the earliest “cures” were techniques for pacifying the gods or driving away demons.

7. In Great Britain the General Practitioner treats all illnesses himself.

8. There is no private treatment in Great Britain.

9. Most people in the US have medical insurance. This medical insurance is absolutely comprehensive.

10. Human Immunodeficiency Virus attacks white blood cells that protect the body from disease, and then gradually destroys this protection.

Text “Medical care in Russia”

In Russia general practitioners are prevalent in the thinly populated rural areas. Pediatricians deal with children up to about age 15. Internists look after the medical ills of adults, and occupational physicians deal with the workers, sharing care with internists.

Teams of physicians with experience in varying specialties work from polyclinics or outpatient units, where many types of diseases are treated. Small towns usually have one polyclinic to serve all purposes. Large cities commonly have separate polyclinics for children and adults, as well as clinics with specializations such as women's health care, mental illnesses, and sexually transmitted diseases. Polyclinics usually have X-ray apparatus and facilities for examination of tissue specimens, facilities associated with the departments of the district hospital. Beginning in the late 1970s was a trend toward the development of more large, multipurpose treatment centres, first-aid hospitals, and specialized medicine and health care centres.

Home visits have traditionally been common, and much of the physician's time is spent in performing routine checkups for preventive purposes. Some patients in sparsely populated rural areas may be seen first by feldshers (auxiliary health workers), nurses, or midwives who work under the supervision of a polyclinic or hospital physician. The feldsher was once a lower-grade physician in the army or peasant communities, but feldshers are now regarded as paramedical workers.

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