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Exercise 1: Read the following words and phrases, translate them, and distinguish the difference in their meanings. Learn them by heart.
Illness/disease/ailment/sickness/condition
Illness - the state of feeling ill or having a disease: He missed five days of school because of illness. 80 % of patients now recover completely from this illness and are able to lead perfectly normal lives.
Patients who are recovering from major surgery or serious illness
a. [count] a particular disease, or a period of being ill: She had had no serious illnesses, and had never been in hospital. My aunt died that spring after a long illness.
b. [count or uncount] a serious mental problem: More than three million people suffer from severe mental illness.
Disease - an illness that affects people or animals, especially one that is caused by infection, a particular king of sickness or disorder; it has a name and symptoms:
disease of: a disease of the nervous system
diseases of horses/cattle/sheep
suffer from a disease: Studies have revealed that vegetarians suffer less from heart disease.
cause a disease: Smoking can cause fatal diseases.
combat disease: the way that the body’s immune system combats disease
contract a disease (=to become infected with it): Young people are most at risk of contracting the disease.
- a condition like an illness that affects plants
- a serious problem in society or with someone's attitude
Ailment - an illness, usually not a serious one: The medicine was supposed to cure all kinds of ailments, ranging from colds to back pains.
Sickness - a condition in which you have an illness: The team lost because of a combination of injuries and sickness. Time off work because of sickness is paid at the full rate.
1a. [count] a particular illness: Climbers who suffer badly from altitude sickness.
2 a feeling that you are going to bring up food from your stomach: The virus causes stomach pains, sickness, and diarrhea.
3 a state in which a country or region is not successful, for example in its economic system.
Condition - the physical state of something: The survey will assess the condition of thousands of bridges.
in good/bad/terrible etc condition: The house is in fairly good condition.
1a. the physical state of a person or animal, especially how healthy they are: She’s in excellent physical condition.
Ache/pain
Pain - a feeling that you have in a part of your body when you are hurt or become ill:
chest/stomach pains: Harry has been enduring considerable back pain for a number of years.
pain in: I’m having terrible pains in my chest.
ease/relieve pain: The fresh air had done nothing to ease the pain Kelly felt in her head.
cause (someone) pain: An old injury was causing him intense pain.
in pain: He heard Leo scream in pain.
be in pain: I don't think she’s in any pain.
a sharp pain (=a sudden strong pain): It was a sharp pain, on his left side, below his ribs.
Ache – a continuous, not sharp or sudden pain, usually used in compounds: headache, earache, backache, toothache, stomachache. After three days the ache in his shoulder had almost disappeared.
To cure/To treat/To heal/To ease/To relieve/to get over
To cure - to stop someone from being affected by an illness: It might be several months before she's fully cured.
1a. to stop an illness from affecting someone: Many formerly fatal diseases can now be cured.
2a. to use medicine or medical methods to cure an illness: Vitamin deficiency can be properly diagnosed and treated by a doctor.
treat someone for something: She was treated for smoke inhalation.
treat someone with something: Patients are treated with a combination of medication and exercise.
To heal - to make a part of the body healthy again after an injury: Vitamin K is needed by the body for healing cuts and bruises.
1a. to make someone healthy again after they have been ill, especially using methods other than medicine: The body will heal itself if given the chance.
To relieve - to make pain or another bad physical feeling less unpleasant: Use a cooling gel to relieve the discomfort of sunburn. Your headaches can easily be relieved by regular aspirin.
To treat – to give someone the treatment that cures a particular sickness or medical problem, especially when this is the usual way of curing. Some US hospitals refuse to treat people who don’t have medical insurance.
To ease – to give medicine, for example, to try to make symptoms go away. If I can ease one life for aching,…I shall not live in vain.
To get over – to become better with or without help from a doctor or from medicine. She’s just got over mumps.
Exercise 2. Choose the right word and fill in the blanks:
a) disease / illness / condition
1. People with your _______ should not smoke.
2. The business of doctors is to prevent and cure ______.
3. Small pox is an infectious _____ marked by fever and small red spots on the body.
4. Childhood ___ such as measles and chickenpox are highly contagious.
5. After a course of treatment the patient's ___ began to improve.
6. The doctor diagnosed the _____ as tuberculosis.
b) to cure/to treat/to heal
1. Many cancer patients can be _____ if the disease is detected early enough.
2. This drug is used to _____heart disease.
3. Fresh air and salty water can ____ you.
4. After scarlet fever complications developed, and they had to be _____ for a month before the patient was completely _____.
5. The seawater is so polluted that it would infect rather than _____.
6. Doctors began ___ AIDS patients with drug AZT in the mid 80s.
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| Exercise 1. Read and translate the following text. | | | Exercise 3. Match the words from column A with their equivalents from column B. |