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Vocabulary exercises

Exercise 3. Find equivalents of the following Russian words in the text. | National Health Service (NHS) | Exercise 2. Answer the questions. | Exercise 2. Correlate words and their definitions. | Exercise 3. Match the words in column A with the explanations in column B. | Exercise 1. Read and translate the following text. | Chapter VII. Health and food | Patient-physician-relationship | Exercise 3. Answer the questions. | Diagnosing and Treatment (Диагностика и лечение). |


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  1. A) Read the following text and do the exercises below.
  2. Academic Vocabulary
  3. Active vocabulary
  4. Active vocabulary
  5. Active vocabulary
  6. Active Vocabulary
  7. Active Vocabulary

Exercise 1: Read the following words and phrases, translate them, and distinguish the difference in their meanings. Learn them by heart.

Illness/disease/ailment/sickness/condition

Illness - the state of feeling ill or having a disease: He missed five days of school because of illness. 80 % of patients now recover completely from this illness and are able to lead perfectly normal lives.

Patients who are recovering from major surgery or serious illness

a. [count] a particular disease, or a period of being ill: She had had no serious illnesses, and had never been in hospital. My aunt died that spring after a long illness.

b. [count or uncount] a serious mental problem: More than three million people suffer from severe mental illness.

Disease - an illness that affects people or animals, especially one that is caused by infection, a particular king of sickness or disorder; it has a name and symptoms:

disease of: a disease of the nervous system

diseases of horses/cattle/sheep

suffer from a disease: Studies have revealed that vegetarians suffer less from heart disease.

cause a disease: Smoking can cause fatal diseases.

combat disease: the way that the body’s immune system combats disease

contract a disease (=to become infected with it): Young people are most at risk of contracting the disease.

- a condition like an illness that affects plants

- a serious problem in society or with someone's attitude

Ailment - an illness, usually not a serious one: The medicine was supposed to cure all kinds of ailments, ranging from colds to back pains.

Sickness - a condition in which you have an illness: The team lost because of a combination of injuries and sickness. Time off work because of sickness is paid at the full rate.

1a. [count] a particular illness: Climbers who suffer badly from altitude sickness.

2 a feeling that you are going to bring up food from your stomach: The virus causes stomach pains, sickness, and diarrhea.

3 a state in which a country or region is not successful, for example in its economic system.

Condition - the physical state of something: The survey will assess the condition of thousands of bridges.

in good/bad/terrible etc condition: The house is in fairly good condition.

1a. the physical state of a person or animal, especially how healthy they are: She’s in excellent physical condition.

Ache/pain

Pain - a feeling that you have in a part of your body when you are hurt or become ill:

chest/stomach pains: Harry has been enduring considerable back pain for a number of years.

pain in: I’m having terrible pains in my chest.

ease/relieve pain: The fresh air had done nothing to ease the pain Kelly felt in her head.

cause (someone) pain: An old injury was causing him intense pain.

in pain: He heard Leo scream in pain.

be in pain: I don't think she’s in any pain.

a sharp pain (=a sudden strong pain): It was a sharp pain, on his left side, below his ribs.

Ache – a continuous, not sharp or sudden pain, usually used in compounds: headache, earache, backache, toothache, stomachache. After three days the ache in his shoulder had almost disappeared.

To cure/To treat/To heal/To ease/To relieve/to get over

To cure - to stop someone from being affected by an illness: It might be several months before she's fully cured.

1a. to stop an illness from affecting someone: Many formerly fatal diseases can now be cured.

2a. to use medicine or medical methods to cure an illness: Vitamin deficiency can be properly diagnosed and treated by a doctor.

treat someone for something: She was treated for smoke inhalation.

treat someone with something: Patients are treated with a combination of medication and exercise.

To heal - to make a part of the body healthy again after an injury: Vitamin K is needed by the body for healing cuts and bruises.

1a. to make someone healthy again after they have been ill, especially using methods other than medicine: The body will heal itself if given the chance.

To relieve - to make pain or another bad physical feeling less unpleasant: Use a cooling gel to relieve the discomfort of sunburn. Your headaches can easily be relieved by regular aspirin.

To treat – to give someone the treatment that cures a particular sickness or medical problem, especially when this is the usual way of curing. Some US hospitals refuse to treat people who don’t have medical insurance.

To ease – to give medicine, for example, to try to make symptoms go away. If I can ease one life for aching,…I shall not live in vain.

To get over – to become better with or without help from a doctor or from medicine. She’s just got over mumps.

Exercise 2. Choose the right word and fill in the blanks:

a) disease / illness / condition

1. People with your _______ should not smoke.

2. The business of doctors is to prevent and cure ______.

3. Small pox is an infectious _____ marked by fever and small red spots on the body.

4. Childhood ___ such as measles and chickenpox are highly contagious.

5. After a course of treatment the patient's ___ began to improve.

6. The doctor diagnosed the _____ as tuberculosis.

 

b) to cure/to treat/to heal

1. Many cancer patients can be _____ if the disease is detected early enough.

2. This drug is used to _____heart disease.

3. Fresh air and salty water can ____ you.

4. After scarlet fever complications developed, and they had to be _____ for a month before the patient was completely _____.

5. The seawater is so polluted that it would infect rather than _____.

6. Doctors began ___ AIDS patients with drug AZT in the mid 80s.


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