Olympic Movement

1. Study the text. When were the Olympics restored? And by who?

The Summer Games involve a number of organizations. The main aim of these organizations is to organize Summer Games. All these organizations taken together form the Olympic Movement. These organizations operate following the rules and guidelines mentioned in the Olympic Charter. The term Olympic Movement also means to include everybody and everything involved in the Summer Games — national sport governing bodies, athletes, media, and sponsors of the Summer Games.

The Birth of the Olympic Movement: Many countries started to realize the importance of physical education and exercise in the 19th century. The athletic movement gained mo­ment­um in England, Germany, Sweden, the Netherlands, and America. The force behind the international Olympic Movement that spawned the revived Games was a French educator, Pierre de Coubertin. Coubertin was desperate to reform the education system of France. This desperation had led to his interest in reviving the Summer Games. With the inventions of railways and the telegraph, interest in inter­national athletic competitions increased. It was the perfect time for the revival of the Summer Games, described by Coubertin as "the logical culmination of a great movement.” When the ancient city of Olympia was excavated, Coubertin started to campaign for the revival of the Summer Games as an international event. His views were accepted and the modern Olympics were born in 1896. This also marks the birth of the Olympic Movement.

The Structure of the Olympic Movement: Many organizations are involved in the Olympic Movement. At the heart core of the Olympic Movement is the International Olympic Committee. The International Olympic Committee is also known as IOC. This committee can be considered to be the government of the Olympics. IOC takes care of the daily problems, and makes all the important decisions like the host city of the Summer Games. The committee also decides on the programs of the Olympics. In the Olympic Movement, three groups of organizations operate on a specified level. These groups are—

- International Federations (IFs) – these are the governing bodies of a sport,

- National Olympic Committees (NOCs) – these organizations regulate the Olympic Movement within each country,

- Organizing Committees for the Summer Games (OCOGs) –these organizations take care of the organization of a particular celebration of the Summer Games.

202 NOCs and 35 IFs are part of the Olympic Movement at present. OCOGs are dissolved after the completion of each Summer Games.

Olympic Games word puzzle

gold medal, Athens, golf, football, five, Paris, stronger, Torch, Ski-jumping, athletes, ping pong, badminton, since, for, marathon, four, summer, continents

Across 3. A sport in which Tiger Woods is Champion. 5. A racquet sport, popular in China. 8. The five rings on the Olympics represent five.... 9. The Olympic Games are held every... years. 11. Modern Olympic Games have been played.... 1896. 12. What sport is David Beckham famous for? 14. The Olympic motto is " Swifter, Higher and...". 15. There is the Winter and.... Olympics. 16.... is an event in Winter Olympics.

Down 1. Another name for table tennis? 2. Long distance running event inspired by the Legend of Pheidippides. 3. The highest award in the Olympic Games. 4. A football game lasts... ninety minutes. 6. People who compete in the Olympic Games. 7. Where were the first modern Olympics played? 10. Which city were the second modern Olympics held in? 12. How many interlocking rings are in the Olympic flag? 13. What do we light at the Olympics and carry around?

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